Network Working Group                                         A. Doherty
Internet-Draft                                               M. Nystroem
Intended status: Informational         RSA, The Security Division of EMC
Expires: August 27, 2007                               February 23, 2007


  Cryptographic Token Key Initialization Protocol (CT-KIP) Web Service
                         Version 1.0 Revision 0
                   draft-doherty-keyprov-ct-kip-ws-00

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   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).










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Abstract

   This document defines a SOAP-based Web Service interface intended for
   use by implementor's of the Cryptographic Token Key Initialization
   Protocol (CT-KIP) to support four-pass (i.e., two round-trip)
   cryptographic token key initialization.  Reader familiarity with CT-
   KIP is required.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     1.1.  Scope  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     1.2.  Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     1.3.  Document organization  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   2.  Acronyms and notation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     2.1.  Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     2.2.  Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   3.  Service overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.1.  Usage domain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.2.  Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
     3.3.  Principles of operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     3.4.  WSDL schema basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
       3.4.1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
       3.4.2.  Attributes, typing, and referencing  . . . . . . . . . 13
       3.4.3.  Namespaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     3.5.  Message elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
       3.5.1.  Request/response model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
       3.5.2.  Element <ClientRequest>  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
       3.5.3.  Element <ServerResponse> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
     3.6.  Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
       3.6.1.  Message <processClientRequest> . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
       3.6.2.  Message <processServerResponse>  . . . . . . . . . . . 16
       3.6.3.  PortType <CtkipMessageProcessor> . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     3.7.  Protocol binding specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   4.  Service bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     4.1.  SOAP binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
       4.1.1.  Operational model  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
       4.1.2.  Use of SOAP over HTTP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     4.2.  Security bindings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
       4.2.1.  Security service requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
       4.2.2.  Implicit protection of the CT-KIP-WS . . . . . . . . . 19
       4.2.3.  External protection of the CT-KIP-WS . . . . . . . . . 19
       4.2.4.  Native protection of the CT-KIP-WS . . . . . . . . . . 21
   5.  Security considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
   6.  IANA considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
   7.  Intellectual property considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
   8.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25



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     8.1.  Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
     8.2.  Informative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
   Appendix A.  Example CT-KIP-WS WSDL schema . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
   Appendix B.  Examples of CT-KIP SOAP messages  . . . . . . . . . . 28
     B.1.  Example of a <CT-KIP-WS-Client-Hello> message  . . . . . . 28
     B.2.  Example of a <CT-KIP-Server-Hello> message . . . . . . . . 28
     B.3.  Example of a <CT-KIP-WS-Client-Nonce> message  . . . . . . 31
     B.4.  Example of a <CT-KIP-WS-Server-Finished> message . . . . . 32
   Appendix C.  About OTPS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 35








































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1.  Introduction

1.1.  Scope

   This document describes a cryptographic token key initialization Web
   service interface.  This interface provides an open and interoperable
   method of implementing the Cryptographic Token Key Initialization
   Protocol (CT-KIP) using Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
   messages.  Reader familiarity with [1] is required.

   The objectives of this Web service interface are:

   o  To provide a universal means for CT-KIP clients and Web services
      to interoperate.

   o  To encapsulate the CT-KIP protocol using a standard messaging
      system.

   o  To extend the utilization of CT-KIP within highly available and
      distributed services-oriented environments.

   o  To sustain the security assurances of systems in operation.

   o  To provide a solution that is easy to administer and scales well.

   The Web service interface is intended for general application within
   computer and communications systems employing connected cryptographic
   tokens (or software emulations thereof).  A Web service built on this
   interface can be deployed in a highly available and distributed
   services oriented environment.

1.2.  Background

   This document is a companion document to [1], which was submitted to
   the IETF in 2005.  CT-KIP is a client-server protocol for
   initialization and configuration of cryptographic tokens.  A
   "cryptographic token" may be a handheld hardware device, a hardware
   device connected to a personal computer through an electronic
   interface such as USB, or a software module resident on a personal
   computer or wireless device (e.g., a mobile phone or PDA).  Such a
   token offers cryptographic functionality that may be used, for
   example, to authenticate a user towards some service.  The CT-KIP
   protocol requires neither private-key capabilities in the
   cryptographic tokens, nor an established public-key infrastructure.
   Provisioned (or generated) secrets are only available to the server
   and the cryptographic token itself.

   Since submission of [1] to the IETF, implementations have emerged in



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   the form of software toolkits that create and process PDU messages
   required for cryptographic token key generation and configuration.
   These CT-KIP toolkits became core components in certain services
   offering inline token provisioning.  In the context of this document
   "inline token provisioning" refers to cryptographic token
   initialization and configuration via CT-KIP.  "Initialization" refers
   to the process of generating and storing a secret, such as a seed for
   one-time password generation, into the token.  "Configuration" refers
   to metadata associated with the provisioned secret; supplying this
   information to the token is a critical step in ensuring that it is
   prepared to perform the activities required by the system.

   As interest grows in CT-KIP so does the need for a common interface
   for transporting PDU messages to Web services that can dynamically
   provision tokens to many types of cryptographic tokens located
   anywhere on the Internet.  This document intends to meet this need by
   defining a simple service aimed at providing Web service implementors
   and cryptographic token vendors with an open and interoperable
   mechanism for dynamically initializing and configuring connected
   cryptographic tokens.

1.3.  Document organization

   The organization of this document is as follows:

   o  Section 1 is an introduction.

   o  Section 2 defines some notation used in this document.

   o  Section 3 defines the Web service interface in detail.

   o  Section 4 defines a binding of the protocol to transports.

   o  Section 5 provides security considerations.

   o  Appendix A defines the Web Services Description Language (WSDL)
      schema.

   o  Appendix B gives example messages.

   o  Appendix C provides general information about the One-Time
      Password Specifications (OTPS).









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2.  Acronyms and notation

2.1.  Acronyms

   CT-KIP      Cryptographic Token Key Initialization Protocol [1]

   CT-PA       Cryptographic Token Provisioning Application

   OTPS        One-time Password Specifications (Appendix C)

   PDU         Protocol Data Unit

   SOAP        Simple Object Access Protocol [4], [5]

   CT-KIP-WS   CT-KIP Web Service

   WS-Security Web Services Security: SOAP Message Security [6]

   WSDL        Web Services Description Language [7]

2.2.  Notation

   The following typographical convention is used in the body of the
   text: <XMLElement>.



























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3.  Service overview

3.1.  Usage domain

   The primary function of the CT-KIP Web service (CT-KIP-WS) is to
   serve requests from distributed applications for initialization and
   configuration of cryptographic tokens, using CT-KIP as the basis.
   The goal of the CT-KIP-WS is to provide a generic framework that
   allows a broad range of cryptographic tokens and their providers to
   be supported.  Put in context, experience shows that CT-KIP is only
   one step in the process of provisioning a token to an end-user.  The
   token provisioning process typically involves:

   a.  A user enrolling for a token with a cryptographic token
       provisioning application (CT-PA);

   b.  The CT-PA fulfilling a token to the end-user (a hardware token
       would normally be shipped or hand-delivered to the end-user, a
       software token would be downloaded and installed on whatever
       platform hosts the token, e.g., a PC or mobile device);

   c.  A user requesting a new credential from the CT-PA, triggering the
       initialization and configuration of a key on the token; and

   d.  The CT-PA activating the token credential for a particular use.

   Note that steps (c) and (d) can be repeated multiple times depending
   on how many credentials the token can contain.  However, as shown in
   Figure 1, Step (c) alone engages CT-KIP.
   +----------------------------------------------+
   |   +---------------+                          |
   |   |  a. Order/    |     +----------------+   |
   |   |  Enrollment/  |---->| b. Fulfillment |   |
   |   +---------------+     +----------------+   |
   |                                              |
   |   +---------------+     +----------------+   |
   |   | c. Key Init/  |---->| d. Activation  |   |
   |   | Configuration |     +----------------+   |
   |   |  (CT-KIP-WS)  |                          |
   |   +---------------+                          |
   |                                              |
   |       Cryptographic Token Provisioning       |
   |             Application (CT-PA)              |
   +----------------------------------------------+
   Figure 1.  Logical Relationship Between CT-KIP-WS and Sample
   Components of a CT-PA





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   Although CT-KIP-WS is logically segregated from other components in a
   CT-PA, it may be deployed within the same environment, sharing the
   same data storage as shown in Figure 2.
   +--------------+     +--------+     +--------+
   |              |     |        |     |        |
   | Provisioning |     |        |     |        |
   | Web Services |<--->|        |     |        |     +-------+
   |              |     |        |     |        |     |       |
   +--------------+     |Business|     |  Data  |     |       |
                        | Logic  |<--->| Access |<--->|Storage|
   +--------------+     |        |     |        |     |       |
   |              |     |        |     |        |     |       |
   |    CT-KIP    |<--->|        |     |        |     +-------+
   |  Web Service |     |        |     |        |
   |              |     |        |     |        |
   +--------------+     +--------+     +--------+
   Figure 2.  Illustration of CT-KIP-WS Deployed As Part of a CT-PA

   In order for CT-KIP-WS to work within the context of a larger
   application, such as a CT-PA, the token provider may require that the
   user be authorized before initializing the key, and/or require some
   token-specific provisioning data to enforce policy and business rules
   to properly configure the key.  To this end, CT-KIP-WS messages carry
   authorization data and provisioning data in addition to the PDU
   itself.  Authorization data and provisioning data are used by the
   CT-PA and are opaque to CT-KIP-WS.

   This document describes a CT-KIP service in the context of SOAP-based
   messages, whose definition and binding details are specified by a
   WSDL schema.  This schema and example messages based on it are
   described in subsequent sections of this document.  Besides SOAP,
   protocol bindings, e.g., HTTP/1.1, are also possible as specified in
   Section 4.2 of [1].

3.2.  Entities

   In principle, the CT-KIP-WS API involves a client application that
   manages a cryptographic token, and a CT-KIP Web service that resides
   on a Web application server running in a clustered or distributed
   multi-node environment.

   It is assumed that a desktop/laptop or a wireless device (e.g. a
   mobile phone or a PDA) will host the client application that
   communicates with the CT-KIP Web service and manages the
   cryptographic token.  Collectively, the cryptographic token and the
   communicating application form the CT-KIP client.

   It is expected that a Web application server will host the Web



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   service that communicates with the CT-KIP client.  As such, the
   following considerations, which are particular to a service-oriented
   environment, constrain the Web API design:

   o  While CT-KIP allows for an optional trigger message from the
      server to get the protocol started, such a trigger, if required by
      the system hosting the CT-KIP-WS, should be handled by the Web
      server that receives a browser-based request from the user for a
      new (or renewal of a ) token.  The Web server would POST the
      trigger message in accordance with the HTTP/1.1 binding as defined
      in [1].  The browser resident on the device on which the
      cryptographic token is hosted will receive the trigger and request
      that the token application send the first CT-KIP-WS message.
      Note: The rationale for not defining a trigger message in
      CT-KIP-WS is that cryptographic tokens are ill-suited for hosting
      Web APIs capable of serving requests.

   o  In the absence of a trigger message, the CT-KIP protocol is
      initiated by a CT-KIP-WS ClientHello message.  To prevent a Denial
      of Service attack that could be launched from an attacker's
      application, which could flood the system with ClientHello
      requests, an authorization code is defined as a mandatory field in
      the request schema.  It is up to the CT-PA to generate an
      authorization code before the CT-KIP-WS is first invoked, such as
      when a user orders a token via an online service.  The
      specification of the code is application-specific and opaque to
      CT-KIP-WS.

   o  Cryptographic token providers that implement the CT-KIP-WS may
      require a contractual relationship to be pre-established with the
      maker of devices (e.g., PDA, USB memory device, or mobile phone
      carrier) that house cryptographic tokens.  For example, a token
      provider may charge to provision tokens to certain devices on a
      subscription basis.  Additionally, token providers may need a way
      to generate activity reports for gathering such things as market
      analytics.  In support of these type of business scenarios, the
      CT-KIP-WS includes an optional ProvisioningData parameter in each
      of the SOAP messages, which is opaque to the protocol itself.
      What information is passed in this parameter is application-
      specific, and could include information such as the identifier of
      the token container (e.g., PDA model or mobile phone carrier)
      hosting the CT-KIP client.

   o  Since CT-KIP is intended to support provisioning of cryptographic
      tokens of any type, it was designed to not require HTTPS.  In
      particular, some legacy or just technologically simple mobile
      phone devices do not have native HTTPS capability.  Therefore, it
      is assumed that messages will be transported over HTTP not HTTPS.



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   o  Although the CT-KIP protocol is stateful, it is expected that a
      Web service that encapsulates it will be stateless.  This is
      because it is typical for multiple instances of a Web service to
      be deployed in a clustered and/or multiple node environment.  The
      implication is that each CT-KIP-WS request could be routed by a
      network load balancer to the currently available instance of the
      service.

3.3.  Principles of operation

   The following list provides a high-level description of each message
   involved in a 4-step CT-KIP session.

   1.  <CT-KIP-WS-Client-Hello> To initiate the first call to CT-KIP-WS,
       a user performs some action that is recognized by the client
       application as a request for a new or renewed token credential.
       This could be triggered by a co-resident browser that receives a
       CT-KIP trigger message from a Web server, or by a user interface
       layered on top of the client application.  In any event, the
       client application will form a CT-KIP request message that
       includes the following information:

       AuthData          Authorization Code that a provisioning
                         application may require in order for CT-KIP to
                         proceed.  Specification of AuthData is
                         negotiated between a CT-PA and the client
                         application.  If included in the request, CT-
                         KIP-WS forwards AuthData to the CT-PA for
                         processing; AuthData is opaque to CT-KIP-WS.

       ProvisioningData  Token data required by the CT-PA for policy
                         and/or business reasons.  Specification of
                         ProvisioningData is negotiated between a CT-PA
                         and the client application.  If included in the
                         request, CT-KIP-WS forwards ProvisioningData to
                         the CT-PA for processing; ProvisioningData is
                         opaque to CT-KIP-WS.

       Request           <ClientHello> PDU in accordance with [1].

   2.  <CT-KIP-WS-Server-Hello> The CT-KIP-WS forwards the authorization
       code to the CT-PA, which verifies the code and, if valid, allows
       the CT-KIP-WS to continue.  The CT-KIP-WS then forwards the
       ProvisioningData to the CT-PA and generates a ServerNonce,
       returning it in a response message of the following form:






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       ProvisioningData  Application-specific data required for the
                         client application to initialize the token
                         credential.

       Response          <ServerHello> PDU in accordance with [1].
                         Note: Although a goal of the Web API is to
                         ensure the PDU is opaque, experience shows that
                         a stateless service that is deployed as
                         multiple instances load balanced across
                         multiple machines, should include a signed
                         ServerNonce in the ServerInfoType protocol
                         extension as a way of ensuring that the CT-KIP
                         client will return it in the next request.  For
                         more information on this extension, refer to
                         Section 3.9.2 of [1].

   3.  <CT-KIP-WS-Client-Nonce> The CT-KIP client generates a random
       nonce, encrypts it, and sends it to the CT-KIP Web service in a
       request message that includes the following:

       AuthData          Authorization Code that a provisioning
                         application may require in order for CT-KIP to
                         proceed.  Specification of AuthData is
                         negotiated between a CT-PA and the client
                         application.  If included in the request, CT-
                         KIP-WS forwards AuthData to the CT-PA for
                         processing; AuthData is opaque to CT-KIP-WS.

       ProvisioningData  Token data required by the CT-PA for policy
                         and/or business reasons.  Specification of
                         ProvisioningData is negotiated between a CT-PA
                         and the client application.  If included in the
                         request, CT-KIP-WS forwards ProvisioningData to
                         the CT-PA for processing; ProvisioningData is
                         opaque to CT-KIP-WS.

       Request           <ClientNonce> PDU in accordance with [1].  Note
                         that if data were provided in the
                         ServerInfoType protocol extension of the
                         <ServerHello> PDU, the CT-KIP client will
                         return this information in the ServerInfoType
                         protocol extension of the ClientNonce request.

       The CT-KIP client uses the ServerNonce and ClientNonce to
       generate a secret key and loads it into the cryptographic token.






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   4.  <CT-KIP-WS-Server-Finished> The CT-KIP-WS forwards the
       authorization code to the CT-PA, which verifies the code and, if
       valid, allows the CT-KIP-WS to continue.  The CT-KIP-WS then
       forwards the provisioning data to the CT-PA, decrypts the
       ClientNonce, and generates a secret key using the ServerNonce and
       ClientNonce.  Finally, CT-KIP-WS requests token credential
       configuration (e.g., expiry date) from the CT-PA .  The service
       then returns this information in a response message with the
       following information:

       ProvisioningData  Application-specific data required for the
                         client application to configure the token
                         credential.

       Response          <ServerFinished> PDU in accordance with [1].  A
                         protocol extension, such as
                         OTPConfigurationDataType may contain token
                         configuration information.  Alternatively, the
                         CT-KIP Web service may pass this information in
                         ProvisioningData.

       The CT-KIP client uses the information contained in the
       ServerFinished response to configure the token credential.
       Simultaneously, the CT-KIP Web service may call the CT-PA with
       the credential, requesting the CT-PA to update its data store.

3.4.  WSDL schema basics

3.4.1.  Introduction

   Core parts of the WSDL for CT-KIP-WS, found in Appendix A, are
   explained in this section.  Specific messages are defined in
   Section 3.5.  Examples are found in Appendix B.  In cases of
   disagreement between the WSDL in Appendix A and element snippets in
   this section, the WSDL takes precedence.

   The WSDL format for CT-KIP-WS messages has been designed to
   facilitate integration with CT-PAs.  However, it is possible that the
   use of application-specific attributes could harm interoperability
   and therefore use of these attributes should be carefully considered.

   XML types defined in this sub-section are not CT-KIP-WS messages;
   rather they provide building blocks that are used by CT-KIP-WS
   messages.







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3.4.2.  Attributes, typing, and referencing

   CT-KIP-WS elements rely on parties being able to compare received
   values with stored values.  Unless otherwise noted, all attributes in
   this document that have the XML Schema "xs:string" type, or a type
   derived from it, must be compared using an exact binary comparison.
   In particular, CT-KIP-WS implementations must not depend on case-
   insensitive string comparisons, normalization or trimming of white
   space, or conversion of locale-specific formats such as numbers.

   Implementations that compare values that are represented using
   different character encodings MUST use a comparison method that
   returns the same result as converting both values to the Unicode
   character encoding, Normalization Form C [2], and then performing an
   exact binary comparison.

   No collation or sorting order for attributes or element values is
   defined.  CT-KIP-WS implementations must therefore not depend on
   specific sorting orders for values.

3.4.3.  Namespaces

   Namespaces are defined for the CT-KIP WSDL, for the XML schema used,
   for SOAP, and for WSDL [7].  CT-KIP-WS namespaces are listed below.
   The target namespace of the CT-KIP WSDL is implementation-specific,
   and defined as type "uri" (for a sample implementation, refer to
   Appendix A).  The CT-KIP WSDL creates a schema for XML/SOAP
   interfaces using [8], and relies on the XML Schema [3] based
   attribute typing model.

   <definitions xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
     xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
     xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:impl="uri"
     targetNamespace="uri">

3.5.  Message elements

3.5.1.  Request/response model

   The general model adopted by CT-KIP-WS is one of clients performing
   protocol operations against servers.  In this model, a client issues
   a CT-KIP-WS request describing the operation to be performed at the
   service end-point.  A complete CT-KIP-WS transaction involves
   transfer of one message between the client and server.  A transaction
   is initiated with a request message sent by the client, and all
   accepted requests receive corresponding responses from the CT-KIP-WS.
   In all cases, request and response messages will contain a PDU



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   representing one of the passes in the CT-KIP protocol.  The PDU
   format defines an XML-based representation that carries
   identification of the protocol message and corresponding data in
   accordance with Section 3.8 of [1].

   Request and response messages are defined within an XML schema.
   Based on experience, implementation should treat messages as XML
   streams.  Note that use of these messages in the context of SOAP-
   based web services is contemplated, and SOAP binding specifics are
   discussed in Section 4.  CT-KIP-WS request/response message elements
   are described in the sub-sections below.

3.5.2.  Element <ClientRequest>

   The <ClientRequest> element is used to make a CT-KIP request.

   <element name="ClientRequest">
     <complexType>
       <sequence>
         <element name="AuthData" type="xs:string"/>
         <element name="ProvisioningData" type="xs:string"/>
         <element name="Request" type="xs:string"/>
       </sequence>
     </complexType>
   </element>

   The components of this message have the following meaning:

   o  <AuthData>: A mandatory element of type "xs:string".  This string
      is opaque to the protocol layer.  Its format specification is
      determined by the CT-PA and is outside the scope of CT-KIP-WS.
      See the description of AuthData in Section 3.3, points 1 and 3.

   o  <ProvisioningData>: A mandatory element of type "xs:string".  This
      string is opaque to the protocol layer.  Its format specification
      is determined by the CT-PA and is outside the scope of CT-KIP-WS.
      See the description of ProvisioningData in Section 3.3, points 1
      and 3.

   o  <Request>: A mandatory element of type "xs:string" that represents
      the PDU.  Its format specification is defined in Section 3.8 of
      [1].  See the description of PDU in Section 3.3, points 1 and 3.

3.5.3.  Element <ServerResponse>

   The <ServerResponse> element is used to convey the results of a
   request specified in a <ClientRequest> element.




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   <element name="ServerResponse">
     <complexType>
       <sequence>
         <element name="AuthData" type="xs:string"/>
         <element name="ProvisioningData" type="xs:string"/>
         <element name="Response" type="xs:string"/>
       </sequence>
     </complexType>
   </element>

   The components of this message have the following meaning:

   o  <AuthData>: A mandatory element of type "xs:string".  This string
      is opaque to the protocol layer.  Its format specification is
      determined by the CT-PA and is outside the scope of CT-KIP-WS.
      See the description of AuthData in Section 3.3, points 2 and 4.

   o  <ProvisioningData>: A mandatory element of type "xs:string".  This
      string is opaque to the protocol layer.  Its format specification
      is determined by the CT-PA and is outside the scope of CT-KIP-WS.
      See the description of ProvisioningData in Section 3.3, points 2
      and 4.

   o  <Response>: A mandatory element of type "xs:string" that
      represents the PDU. ts format specification is defined in Section
      3.8 of [1].  See the description of PDU in Section 3.3, points 2
      and 4.

3.6.  Operation

   A single operation is supported by CT-KIP-WS that takes a CT-KIP-WS
   request message as an inbound XML stream and returns a CT-KIP
   response message as an outbound XML stream.  The Operations section
   of the CT-KIP WSDL is described below.  Messages are grouped as a
   pair of request and response elements.  A port type identifies to
   whom the message is sent and how, and defines a single operation for
   handling the requests and responses.

3.6.1.  Message <processClientRequest>

   The <processClientRequest> message is used to transfer
   <ClientRequest> elements from the client to the CT-KIP-WS.









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   <message name="processClientRequest">
     <part element="impl:ClientRequest" name="ClientRequest"/>
   </message>

3.6.2.  Message <processServerResponse>

   The <processServerResponse> message is used to transfer
   <ServerResponse> elements from CT-KIP-WS to the client.

   <message name="processServerResponse">
     <part element="impl:ServerResponse" name="ServerResponse"/>
   </message>

3.6.3.  PortType <CtkipMessageProcessor>

   Port type <CtkipMessageProcessor> identifies itself as the
   destination for CT-KIP-WS messages, and contains a single operation
   representing how <processClientRequest> and <processServerResponse>
   messages are to be handled.

   <portType name="CtkipMessageProcessor">
     <operation name="processClientMessage">
       <documentation> Processes a ct-kip client hello or
         nonce message and returns a ct-kip response message.
       </documentation>
       <input name="request" message="impl:processClientRequest"/>
       <output name="response" message="impl:processServerResponse"/>
     </operation>
   </portType>

3.7.  Protocol binding specification

   The binding section of the CT-KIP WSDL describes how the operations
   are performed by binding together the <CtkipMessageProcessor> port,
   SOAP/HTTP transport, and the <processClientMessage> operation.  Note
   that the protocol binding is defined as SOAP with transport over
   HTTP.  Refer to Section 4.1 for more discussion.  Also note that, as
   specified in Section 3.4.3, the target namespace of the CT-KIP WSDL
   is implementation-specific, and defined below as type "uri" (for a
   sample implementation, refer to Appendix A).











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   <binding name="CtkipMessageProcessorBinding"
     type="impl:CtkipMessageProcessor">
     <soap:binding style="document"
       transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
       <operation name="processClientMessage">
         <soap:operation soapAction="processClientMessage"
           style="document"/>
           <input>
             <soap:body use="literal"
               namespace="uri"/>
           </input>
           <output>
             <soap:body use="literal"
               namespace="uri"/>
           </output>
       </operation>
   </binding>


































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4.  Service bindings

4.1.  SOAP binding

   This section discusses aspects of carrying CT-KIP-WS messages within
   SOAP.  Use of SOAP 1.2 [4], [5] SHOULD be agreed between client and
   CT-KIP-WS parties.  Similarly, client and server parties may agree on
   various choices of bindings from SOAP to protocol carriers; however,
   use with HTTP/1.1 [9] is contemplated.

4.1.1.  Operational model

   CT-KIP-WS requests and responses MUST be carried with the bodies of
   SOAP messages, not within the SOAP message envelopes or as header
   data.  This document does not specify other constraints on the use
   and processing of SOAP envelopes and headers by CT-KIP-WS requesters
   and responders.  Requesters and responders MUST include no more than
   one CT-KIP-WS request or response within a single SOAP message body,
   and must not include other data within a SOAP message body that
   carries a CT-KIP-WS request or response.  Within the SOAP message
   body, a CT-KIP-WS message must be represented as unencoded content.

   In normal operation, CT-KIP-WS transactions are represented as
   request-response pairs; all transactions require only a single
   message pair.  If the recipient of a CT-KIP-WS message is unable to
   process the message at the CT-KIP-WS level, that recipient MUST
   generate a SOAP fault to report this error.  On the other hand,
   failures within the scope of CT-KIP processing MUST be reported using
   facilities within the CT-KIP protocol and MUST NOT generate SOAP
   faults.

4.1.2.  Use of SOAP over HTTP

   CT-KIP-WS requesters and responders SHOULD set Cache-Control and
   Pragma header fields to direct HTTP intermediaries not to cache CT-
   KIP-WS messages.  In particular,

   o  Requesters SHOULD:

      *  Include a Cache-Control header field set to "no-cache", "no-
         store".

      *  Include a Pragma header set to "no-cache".

   o  Responders SHOULD:

      *  Include a Cache-Control header field set to "no-cache, no-must-
         revalidate, private".



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      *  Include a Pragma header set to "no-cache".

      *  NOT include a validator, such as Last-Modified or eTag header.

   If a CT-KIP-WS responder employing the SOAP/HTTP1.1 binding refuses
   to engage in a transaction initiated by a requester, the responder
   SHOULD return a "403 (Forbidden)" HTTP response.  If SOAP-level
   processing errors occur, below the CT-KIP-WS layer, the responder
   MUST return a "500 (Internal Server Error)" response, including a
   SOAP message with a SOAP fault element.  Errors at the CT-KIP-WS
   layer are accompanied by "200 (OK)" at the HTTP layer, with the
   specifics reflected within the CT-KIP-WS response.

4.2.  Security bindings

4.2.1.  Security service requirements

   This section describes candidate requirements that may arise for
   security services to protect CT-KIP-WS messages.  Specific
   requirements may vary for different operational environments.
   Further, required services may be achieved using different methods in
   different environments.  In general, the following types of
   approaches can be applicable:

   o  Implicit protection, where the path between the CT-KIP-WS
      requester and responder is confined within a secure environment.

   o  External protection, where protocol methods such as SSL/TLS or WS-
      Security are applied to protect CT-KIP-WS messages.

   o  Native protection, where security facilities defined within CT-
      KIP-WS are applied to protect CT-KIP-WS data.

4.2.2.  Implicit protection of the CT-KIP-WS

   If the endpoints of the CT-KIP-WS exchange is confined within a
   secure environment, then external protection is not required.
   However, native protection should be relied upon to protect the CT-
   KIP PDUs from an attacker operating on the inside of the environment
   Section 4.2.4.  Additional protections, such as XML digital
   signature, SHOULD be applied to the AuthData and ProvisioningData to
   offer non-repudiation.

4.2.3.  External protection of the CT-KIP-WS

   If a CT-KIP-WS exchange will be transmitted over an unsecure network,
   e.g., between two endpoints that are connected via the Internet, then
   external protections such as those described below MUST be used.



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4.2.3.1.  SSL/TLS

   SSL or TLS [10] can be used to provide authentication,
   confidentiality, and integrity for CT-KIP-WS transactions, though
   cannot offer non-repudiation.  This is a convenient and effective
   approach for environments where the span of the CT-KIP-WS protocol
   between requester and responder can correspond with a single SSL/TLS
   hop.  Client and server systems supporting CT-KIP-WS SHOULD support
   this method, in order to provide a common basis for secure
   interoperability.

   o  Servers MUST authenticate themselves to clients with server-side
      certificates, and client-side certificates should also be used in
      order to achieve bidirectional authentication between client and
      server.  Client-side certificates MUST be supported for operation
      in environments where authentication of CT-KIP-WS requesters is a
      security policy requirement.  Version 3 X.509 certificates MUST be
      used.

   o  TLS implementations MUST implement the
      TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ciphersuite.  TLS implementations
      SHOULD implement the TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA ciphersuite.

   o  FIPS TLS implementations MUST implement the
      TLS_RSA_FIPS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ciphersuite.  FIPS TLS
      implementations SHOULD implement the TLS_RSA_FIPS_AES_128_CBC_SHA
      ciphersuite.

   o  SSL implementations MUST implement the
      SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ciphersuite.

   o  FIPS SSL implementations MUST implement the SSL_RSA_FIPS
      WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA ciphersuite.

4.2.3.2.  WS-Security

   WS-Security [6] can be applied to provide authentication,
   confidentiality, and integrity services for CT-KIP-WS transactions,
   and to perform and process signatures in support of non-repudiation.
   This is an effective approach for environments where the CT-KIP-WS is
   implemented as a multi-hop Web service, or where message integrity is
   required.  This approach can be applied independently of whether or
   not active intermediaries intervene on the path between requesters
   and responders.







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4.2.4.  Native protection of the CT-KIP-WS

   CT-KIP-WS relies on built-in (i.e., native) security features of the
   CT-KIP protocol to protect the CT-KIP PDUs while in transit.  For
   more information, see Section 5 of [1].

   Note that the native CT-KIP security features do not protect what is
   transmitted outside of the CT-KIP PDU itself, e.g., the AuthData and
   ProvisioningData parameters.  As discussed in previous Section 4.2.3,
   it is possible for authentication and/or confidentiality services to
   be applied selectively; the policies that CT-KIP-WS clients and
   servers use in determining when security services are to be applied
   are not defined in this document.






































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5.  Security considerations

   As discussed in Section 4.2 of this document, CT-KIP-WS deployers
   MUST identify the security requirements and operational constraints
   of their environments, so that appropriate security can be ensured
   for the CT-KIP-WS protocol.  As that section notes, protection may be
   obtained implicitly from the environment, through external protocol
   mechansims, and/or through native facilities defined in CT-KIP;
   appropriate choices will vary for different operational contexts.

   In order to protect CT-KIP-WS transactions through cryptographic
   means, some form of trusted infrastructure (e.g., a PKI, Kerberos,
   and/or local configuration) must be applied to establish keys among
   communicating parties.  Provision and management of such an
   infrastructure is outside the scope of CT-KIP-WS.

   CT-KIP-WS implementations MUST maintain the confidentiality and
   integrity of sensitive data items that they generate and process.
   CT-KIP-WS implementations MUST also determine the authenticity and
   integrity of received messages before taking security-relevant
   actions based on those messages.  When signature-based protection is
   used, this implies that signatures MUST be successfully verified
   before sensitive actions are performed.  Following the authentication
   process, it is also necessary to determine whether an authenticated
   peer identity represents an entity that is authorized (per local
   policy) to perform CT-KIP-WS.

   In addition to considerations identified in this section, Security
   Considerations discussed in [1] also apply to CT-KIP-WS.






















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6.  IANA considerations

   IANA has no action with respect to this document.
















































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7.  Intellectual property considerations

   RSA and RSA Security are registered trademarks or trademarks of RSA
   Security Inc. in the United States and/or other countries.  The names
   of other products and services mentioned may be the trademarks of
   their respective owners.













































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8.  References

8.1.  Normative references

   [1]   Nystroem, M., "Cryptographic Token Key Initialization
         Protocol", RFC 4758, November 2006,
         <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4758.txt>.

   [2]   Davis, M. and M. Drst, "Unicode Normalization Forms",
         March 2001,
         <http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr15/tr15-21.html>.

   [3]   Thompson, Beech, D., Maloney, M., and N. Mendelsohn, "W3C XML
         Schema", W3C Recommendation xmlschema-1, October 2004,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlschema-1/>.

8.2.  Informative references

   [4]   Gudgin, M., Hadley, M., Mendelsohn, N., Moreau, J., and H.
         Nielsen, "SOAP Version 1.2 Part 1: Messaging Framework",
         W3C Recommendation, June 2003,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part1/>.

   [5]   Gudgin, M., Hadley, M., Mendelsohn, N., Moreau, J., and H.
         Nielsen, "SOAP Version 1.2 Part 2: Adjuncts",
         W3C Recommendation, June 2003,
         <http://www.w3.org/TR/soap12-part2/>.

   [6]   OASIS, "Web Services Security: SOAP Message Security 1.0",
         January 2004.

   [7]   IBM and Microsoft Corporation, "Web Service Description
         Language Schema", 2005, <http://www.schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/>.

   [8]   IBM and Microsoft Corporation, "XML SOAP WSDL", 2003,
         <http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/2003-02-11.xsd  >.

   [9]   Fielding, R., Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., Masinter, L.,
         Leach, P., and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext Transfer Protocol --
         HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.

   [10]  Dierks, T., "The TLS Protocol Version 1.0", RFC 2246,
         January 1999, <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2246.txt>.








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Appendix A.  Example CT-KIP-WS WSDL schema

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <definitions xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/"
     xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/"
     xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:impl="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com"
     targetNamespace="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com">
     <types>
       <schema elementFormDefault="qualified"
         targetNamespace="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com"
         xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
         <element name="ClientRequest">
           <complexType>
             <sequence>
               <element name="AuthData" type="xs:string"/>
               <element name="ProvisioningData"
                 type="xs:string"/>
               <element name="Request" type="xs:string"/>
             </sequence>
           </complexType>
         </element>
         <element name="ServerResponse">
           <complexType>
             <sequence>
               <element name="AuthData" type="xs:string"/>
               <element name="ProvisioningData"
                 type="xs:string"/>
               <element name="Response" type="xs:string"/>
             </sequence>
           </complexType>
         </element>
       </schema>
     </types>
     <message name="processClientRequest">
       <part element="impl:ClientRequest" name="ClientRequest"/>
     </message>
     <message name="processServerResponse">
       <part element="impl:ServerResponse" name="ServerResponse"/>
     </message>
     <portType name="CtkipMessageProcessor">
       <operation name="processClientMessage">
         <documentation> Processes a ct-kip client hello or
           nonce message and returns a ct-kip response message.
         </documentation>
         <input name="request" message="impl:processClientRequest"/>
         <output name="response"
           message="impl:processServerResponse"/>



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       </operation>
     </portType>
     <binding name="CtkipMessageProcessorBinding"
       type="impl:CtkipMessageProcessor">
       <soap:binding style="document"
         transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/>
       <operation name="processClientMessage">
         <soap:operation soapAction="processClientMessage"
           style="document"/>
         <input>
           <soap:body use="literal"
             namespace="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com"/>
         </input>
         <output>
           <soap:body use="literal"
             namespace="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com"/>
         </output>
       </operation>
     </binding>
     <service name="CtkipService">
       <port name="CtkipService"
         binding="impl:CtkipMessageProcessorBinding">
         <soap:address
           location=
           "http://localhost:8080/axis/services/CtkipService"/>
       </port>
     </service>
   </definitions>























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Appendix B.  Examples of CT-KIP SOAP messages

   All examples are syntactically correct.  Input and output parameters
   are fictitious however.  The examples illustrate a complete CT-KIP
   exchange, starting with the ClientHello message from the client.

B.1.  Example of a <CT-KIP-WS-Client-Hello> message

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <soapenv:Envelope
     xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     Version="1.0">
     <soapenv:Body>
       <ClientRequest xmlns="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com">
         <AuthData>pleaseGiveThisGuyAToken</AuthData>
         <ProvisioningData>HamAndEggs</ProvisioningData>
         <Request>PENsaWVudEhlbGxvIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnJzYXNlY3
         VyaXR5LmNvbS9yc2FsYWJzL290cHMvc2NoZW1hcy8yMDA1LzExL2N0LWtpc
         CMiIHhtbG5zOnhzZD0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2hl
         bWEiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2h
         lbWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiIFZlcnNpb249IjEuMCI+IDxTdXBwb3J0ZWRLZXlUeX
         BlcyB4bWxucz0iIj4gPEFsZ29yaXRobSB4c2k6dHlwZT0ieHNkOmFueVVSS
         SI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5yc2FzZWN1cml0eS5jb20vcnNhbGFicy9vdHBzL3Nj
         aGVtYXMvMjAwNS8wOS9vdHBzLXdzdCNTZWN1cklELUFFUzwvQWxnb3JpdGh
         tPiA8L1N1cHBvcnRlZEtleVR5cGVzPiA8U3VwcG9ydGVkRW5jcnlwdGlvbk
         FsZ29yaXRobXMgeG1sbnM9IiI+IDxBbGdvcml0aG0geHNpOnR5cGU9InhzZ
         DphbnlVUkkiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDEvMDQveG1sZW5jI3Jz
         YS0xXzU8L0FsZ29yaXRobT4gPC9TdXBwb3J0ZWRFbmNyeXB0aW9uQWxnb3J
         pdGhtcz4gPFN1cHBvcnRlZE1BQ0FsZ29yaXRobXMgeG1sbnM9IiI+IDxBbG
         dvcml0aG0geHNpOnR5cGU9InhzZDphbnlVUkkiPmh0dHA6Ly93d3cucnNhc
         2VjdXJpdHkuY29tL3JzYWxhYnMvb3Rwcy9zY2hlbWFzLzIwMDUvMTEvY3Qt
         a2lwI2N0LWtpcC1wcmYtYWVzPC9BbGdvcml0aG0+IDwvU3VwcG9ydGVkTUF
         DQWxnb3JpdGhtcz4gPC9DbGllbnRIZWxsbz4g</Request>
       </ClientRequest>
     </soapenv:Body>
   </soapenv:Envelope>

B.2.  Example of a <CT-KIP-Server-Hello> message

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <soapenv:Envelope
     xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
     <soapenv:Body>
       <ServerResponse xmlns="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com">



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         <AuthData>phase2authorized</AuthData>
         <ProvisioningData>HamAndEggs</ProvisioningData>
         <Response>PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiP
         z4NCjxTZXJ2ZXJIZWxsbyBTZXNzaW9uSUQ9IlVZYWlzbVQ4bUNMcEpaM0J6
         UGhXMFE9PSIgU3RhdHVzPSJDb250aW51ZSIgVmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiB4bWx
         ucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5yc2FzZWN1cml0eS5jb20vcnNhbGFicy9vdHBzL3
         NjaGVtYXMvMjAwNS8xMi9jdC1raXAjIiB4bWxuczpkcz0iaHR0cDovL3d3d
         y53My5vcmcvMjAwMC8wOS94bWxkc2lnIyIgeG1sbnM6eHNpPSJodHRwOi8v
         d3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAxL1hNTFNjaGVtYS1pbnN0YW5jZSI+PEtleVR5cGU
         geG1sbnM9IiI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5yc2FzZWN1cml0eS5jb20vcnNhbGFicy
         9vdHBzL3NjaGVtYXMvMjAwNS8wOS9vdHBzLXdzdCNTZWN1cklELUFFUzwvS
         2V5VHlwZT48RW5jcnlwdGlvbkFsZ29yaXRobSB4bWxucz0iIj5odHRwOi8v
         d3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAxLzA0L3htbGVuYyNyc2EtMV81PC9FbmNyeXB0aW9
         uQWxnb3JpdGhtPjxFbmNyeXB0aW9uS2V5IHhtbG5zPSIiIHhtbG5zOmRzPS
         JodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwLzA5L3htbGRzaWcjIiB4bWxuczp4c
         2k9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDEvWE1MU2NoZW1hLWluc3RhbmNl
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         Ehkb3FoRzhTcUhTeGtQdG80MmhFbnBPeDlqMnJxY3NPV29zdk55Zm05bndr
         cQ0KSmZodUpDbEx3T3p3NVE9PTwvZHM6WDUwOUNlcnRpZmljYXRlPjwvZHM
         6WDUwOURhdGE+PC9FbmNyeXB0aW9uS2V5PjxQYXlsb2FkIHhtbG5zPSIiIH
         htbG5zOmRzPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwLzA5L3htbGRzaWcjI
         iB4bWxuczp4c2k9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDEvWE1MU2NoZW1h
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         CMkFqQT09PC9Ob25jZT48L1BheWxvYWQ+PEV4dGVuc2lvbnMgeG1sbnM9Ii
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         yMiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2hl



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         bWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiPjxFeHRlbnNpb24geG1sbnM9IiIgeG1sbnM6Y3Qta2l
         wPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnJzYXNlY3VyaXR5LmNvbS9yc2FsYWJzL290cHMvc2
         NoZW1hcy8yMDA1LzEyL2N0LWtpcCMiIHhtbG5zOmRzPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3L
         nczLm9yZy8yMDAwLzA5L3htbGRzaWcjIiB4bWxuczp4c2k9Imh0dHA6Ly93
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         6aVFYeWx0d3ZhUHlubkIyQWpBPT08L0RhdGE+PC9FeHRlbnNpb24+PC9FeH
         RlbnNpb25zPjxNYWNBbGdvcml0aG0geG1sbnM9IiI+aHR0cDovL3d3dy5yc
         2FzZWN1cml0eS5jb20vcnNhbGFicy9vdHBzL3NjaGVtYXMvMjAwNS8xMi9j
         dC1raXAjY3Qta2lwLXByZi1hZXM8L01hY0FsZ29yaXRobT48L1Nlc
         nZlckhlbGxvPg==</Response>
       </ServerResponse>
     </soapenv:Body>
   </soapenv:Envelope>






































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B.3.  Example of a <CT-KIP-WS-Client-Nonce> message

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <soapenv:Envelope
     xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     Version="1.0">
     <soapenv:Body>
       <ClientRequest xmlns="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com">
         <AuthData>phase2authorized</AuthData>
         <ProvisioningData>HamAndEggs</ProvisioningData>
         <Request>PENsaWVudE5vbmNlIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnJzYXNlY3
         VyaXR5LmNvbS9yc2FsYWJzL290cHMvc2NoZW1hcy8yMDA1LzExL2N0LWtpc
         CMiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2hl
         bWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiIFZlcnNpb249IjEuMCIgU2Vzc2lvbklEPSJVWWFpc21
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         5LNlBNWDEreUVmc1FncklIR0N4ZEZmSGRqbVhvc1FWRmxucXJ3VU8ycjJuN
         mMyNXovU2pwMDYrRTB2SFBITXRzclBFUkhyd0VkQmRrUGpSbzlYM2o5TmQ0
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         ydkJHKzZTbUxMeEk4d1QzZEJScSszbUJUdXRzcS9USGFHb1FZUkE9PC9Fbm
         NyeXB0ZWROb25jZT48RXh0ZW5zaW9ucyB4bWxucz0iIiB4bWxuczpkcz0ia
         HR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC8wOS94bWxkc2lnIyIgeG1sbnM6eHNp
         PSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAxL1hNTFNjaGVtYS1pbnN0YW5jZSI
         gPjxFeHRlbnNpb24geG1sbnM9IiIgeG1sbnM6Y3Qta2lwPSJodHRwOi8vd3
         d3LnJzYXNlY3VyaXR5LmNvbS9yc2FsYWJzL290cHMvc2NoZW1hcy8yMDA1L
         zEyL2N0LWtpcCMiIHhtbG5zOmRzPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAw
         LzA5L3htbGRzaWcjIiB4bWxuczp4c2k9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzI
         wMDEvWE1MU2NoZW1hLWluc3RhbmNlIj48RGF0YT4zWGt6aVFYeWx0d3ZhUH
         lubkIyQWpBPT08L0RhdGE+PC9FeHRlbnNpb24+PC9FeHRlbnNpb25zPjwvQ
         2xpZW50Tm9uY2U+</Request>
       </ClientRequest>
     </soapenv:Body>
   </soapenv:Envelope>

















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B.4.  Example of a <CT-KIP-WS-Server-Finished> message

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <soapenv:Envelope
     xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
     <soapenv:Body>
       <ServerResponse xmlns="http://ctkipservice.rsasecurity.com">
         <AuthData>phase2authorized</AuthData>
         <ProvisioningData>HamAndEggs</ProvisioningData>
         <Response>PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbmNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiP
         z4NCjxTZXJ2ZXJGaW5pc2hlZCBTZXNzaW9uSUQ9IlVZYWlzbVQ4bUNMcEpa
         M0J6UGhXMFE9PSIgU3RhdHVzPSJTdWNjZXNzIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d
         3dy5yc2FzZWN1cml0eS5jb20vcnNhbGFicy9vdHBzL3NjaGVtYXMvMjAwNS
         8xMi9jdC1raXAjIiB4bWxuczpkcz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwM
         C8wOS94bWxkc2lnIyIgeG1sbnM6eHNpPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8y
         MDAxL1hNTFNjaGVtYS1pbnN0YW5jZSI+PFRva2VuSUQgeG1sbnM9IiI+QUE
         9PTwvVG9rZW5JRD48S2V5SUQgeG1sbnM9IiI+WmtKbDBaRWJicW9RdmNVT1
         MvV0Jtdz09PC9LZXlJRD48S2V5RXhwaXJ5RGF0ZSB4bWxucz0iIj4yMDA3L
         TAzLTMxVDEyOjE3OjQzLjE1MS0wNTowMDwvS2V5RXhwaXJ5RGF0ZT48U2Vy
         dmljZUlEIHhtbG5zPSIiPlRlc3Rfc2VydmVyPC9TZXJ2aWNlSUQ+PFVzZXJ
         JRCB4bWxucz0iIi+PEV4dGVuc2lvbnMgeG1sbnM9IiIgeG1sbnM6ZHM9Imh
         0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvMDkveG1sZHNpZyMiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT
         0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2hlbWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiP
         jxFeHRlbnNpb24gQ3JpdGljYWw9InRydWUiIHhtbG5zPSIiIHhtbG5zOmRz
         PSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwLzA5L3htbGRzaWcjIiB4bWxuczp
         4c2k9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDEvWE1MU2NoZW1hLWluc3Rhbm
         NlIj48T1RQRm9ybWF0PkRlY2ltYWw8L09UUEZvcm1hdD48T1RQTGVuZ3RoP
         jg8L09UUExlbmd0aD48T1RQTW9kZSB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy5yc2Fz
         ZWN1cml0eS5jb20vcnNhbGFicy9vdHBzL3NjaGVtYXMvMjAwNS8xMi9jdC1
         raXAjIiB4bWxuczpkcz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC8wOS94bW
         xkc2lnIyIgeG1sbnM6eHNpPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAxL1hNT
         FNjaGVtYS1pbnN0YW5jZSI+PFRpbWUgVGltZUludGVydmFsPSI2MCIgeG1s
         bnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cucnNhc2VjdXJpdHkuY29tL3JzYWxhYnMvb3Rwcy9
         zY2hlbWFzLzIwMDUvMTIvY3Qta2lwIyIgeG1sbnM6ZHM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3
         cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvMDkveG1sZHNpZyMiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT0iaHR0cDovL
         3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMS9YTUxTY2hlbWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiLz48L09UUE1v
         ZGU+PC9FeHRlbnNpb24+PC9FeHRlbnNpb25zPjxNYWMgTWFjQWxnb3JpdGh
         tPSJjb20ucnNhLmN0a2lwLnRvb2xraXQudHlwZXMuTWFjVHlwZUA2Mjc5ZC
         IgeG1sbnM9IiIgeG1sbnM6ZHM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvM
         DkveG1sZHNpZyMiIHhtbG5zOnhzaT0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAw
         MS9YTUxTY2hlbWEtaW5zdGFuY2UiPk9uV0pwVXp2M2d5T3ZBeXQ4MHJWN1E
         9PTwvTWFjPjwvU2VydmVyRmluaXNoZWQ+</Response>
       </ServerResponse>
     </soapenv:Body>
   </soapenv:Envelope>




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Appendix C.  About OTPS

   The One-Time Password Specifications are documents produced by RSA
   Laboratories in cooperation with secure systems developers for the
   purpose of simplifying integration and management of strong
   authentication technology into secure applications, and to enhance
   the user experience of this technology.

   Further development of the OTPS series will occur through mailing
   list discussions and occasional workshops, and suggestions for
   improvement are welcome.  As for our PKCS documents, results may also
   be submitted to standards forums.  For more information, contact:

   OTPS Editor
   RSA, The Security Division of EMC
   174 Middlesex Turnpike
   Bedford, MA  01730 USA
   otps-editor@rsasecurity.com
   http://www.rsasecurity.com/rsalabs/
































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Authors' Addresses

   Andrea Doherty
   RSA, The Security Division of EMC

   Email: adoherty@rsasecurity.com


   Magnus Nystroem
   RSA, The Security Division of EMC

   Email: magnus@rsasecurity.com







































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Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).

   This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
   contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
   retain all their rights.

   This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
   "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
   OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND
   THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS
   OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF
   THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
   WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.


Intellectual Property

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
   Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
   pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
   this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
   might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
   made any independent effort to identify any such rights.  Information
   on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
   found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
   assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
   attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
   such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
   specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
   http://www.ietf.org/ipr.

   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
   copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
   rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
   this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF at
   ietf-ipr@ietf.org.


Acknowledgment

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is provided by the IETF
   Administrative Support Activity (IASA).





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