Internet-Draft YANG-CMIS-Access-Control September 2026
Homma, et al. Expires 13 March 2027 [Page]
Workgroup:
CCAMP Working Group
Internet-Draft:
draft-hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-04
Published:
Intended Status:
Standards Track
Expires:
Authors:
S. Homma, Ed.
NTT
H. Irino, Ed.
NTT West
T. Mano
NTT
Y. Tochio
1Finity
R. Rokui
Ciena
H. Nishizawa
NTT

A YANG Data Model for CMIS Access and Control

Abstract

This document provides YANG data models for accessing and controlling CMIS in order to manage pluggable Digital Coherent Optics transceivers equipped in a router or a switch from outside the platform device. CMIS provides custom pages that can be defined by the module vendor for its own usage, allowing the capabilities of the optics devices to be extended. These YANG modules also allow the utilization of CMIS custom pages as a generic control mechanism. The models complement abstracted data models for coherent pluggables: they provide governed access to opaque, vendor-specific attributes (e.g., those exposed via CMIS custom pages) and a transitional path for standardized features that the host NOS does not yet support.

Status of This Memo

This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

This Internet-Draft will expire on 13 March 2027.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

Pluggable Digital Coherent Optics (DCO) transceivers enable routers or switches to directly connect to an optical network (e.g., DWDM or OTN). Pluggable DCO transceivers, such as CFP2-DCO and QSFP-DD DCO, implement optical connectors (i.e., Tx and Rx) and a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and provide higher data rates (100 Gbps, 400 Gbps, and beyond) and flexible data transport.

Pluggable DCO transceivers, installed in a platform device (e.g., a switch or a router), are generally controlled by the network OS running on the device using the Common Management Interface Specification (CMIS), which is an open, standardized management interface between the host and its managed modules. The specification is defined in [OIF-CMIS]. CMIS also allows vendor-specific extensions of its transceiver features by using custom pages. For example, CMIS custom pages can be used for non-standardized functions.

However, the continuous emergence of new transceiver standards makes it highly challenging for Network OS (NOS) vendors to support the full feature set of every transceiver immediately. As a result, a NOS might support only a basic subset of a DCO transceiver's capabilities. This document defines a YANG data model for accessing and controlling CMIS from outside the platform device, allowing an external management system to configure and monitor advanced features directly without waiting for NOS upgrades.

Absent a standard mechanism, using such capabilities requires per-vendor, per-NOS integration: each new module capability must be separately implemented in every NOS before operators can benefit from it. A standard, governed host-side access mechanism replaces this per-feature, per-NOS effort with a single generic implementation per NOS, while the semantics of the accessed attributes remain with the parties that own them: the module vendor and the operator's controller. The need to describe vendor-specific capabilities in a generic way is also recognized in OIF's advertising-based management direction [OIF-PNP]. In addition, the access governance itself (which pages may be delegated, and under which controls) benefits from being interoperable across NOS implementations rather than being reinvented per platform.

The data models defined in this document provide register-level access to CMIS pages and are intended to complement, not replace, abstracted YANG data models for coherent optical interfaces (e.g., [I-D.rokui-ccamp-actn-wdm-pluggable-modelling]). Where a standardized, semantically abstracted data model is available for a given function, its use is preferable. The models in this document address two cases that abstracted models cannot cover, with different time horizons. The first case is opaque, vendor-specific attributes: capabilities, configuration, or statistics whose semantics are defined by a single vendor, such as those exposed via CMIS custom pages. These cannot be abstracted a priori, and this document provides a permanent, governed access path for them. The second case is standardized features that are not yet reflected in abstracted models or in the host NOS; for these, this document provides a transitional path until abstraction catches up.

The YANG data models in this document conform to the Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) defined in [RFC8342].

1.1. Terminology and Notations

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

The terms and their definitions used in this specification are described below:

  • CMIS (Common Management Interface Specifications): A generic management communication interface together with a generic management interaction protocol between host and managed modules. The specification is defined in [OIF-CMIS];

  • NACM (Network Configuration Access Control Model): A standard access control model to restrict NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol access for particular users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol operations and content. The specification is defined in [RFC8341].

  • NETCONF (Network Configuration Protocol): Mechanisms to install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices. The definitions and specifications are described in [RFC6241];

  • RESTCONF: An HTTP-based protocol that provides a programmatic interface for accessing data defined in YANG, using the datastore concepts defined in NETCONF. The specification is defined in [RFC8040].

The following terms of NETCONF defined in [RFC6241] are also used in this specification:

  • (NETCONF) client

  • configuration data

  • datastore

  • message

  • remote procedure call (RPC)

  • (NETCONF) server

  • state data

  • (NETCONF) user

This document makes use of the terms defined in [RFC7950].

1.2. Acronyms

The following acronyms are used in this document:

CE
Customer Edge
CDB
Command Data Block
CSP
Communication Service Provider
DCO
Digital Coherent Optics
DSP
Digital Signal Processor
DWDM
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
GSNR
Generalized Signal-to-Noise Ratio
i2c
Inter-Integrated Circuit
NOS
Network Operating System
NMS
Network Management System
OTN
Optical Transport Network
QoT
Quality of Transmission
TPA
Third Party Application
WDM
Wavelength Division Multiplexing

1.3. Tree Diagram

The tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in [RFC8340].

1.4. Prefixes in Data Node Names

In this document, names of data nodes and other data model objects are prefixed using the standard prefix associated with the corresponding YANG imported modules. The proposed modules augment the ietf-interfaces module [RFC8343]. The details of the modules are described in Section 4.

Table 1: Prefixes and corresponding YANG module
Prefix YANG module Reference
if ietf-interfaces [RFC8343]
cmis-ctrl ietf-cmis-control RFC XXXX
cmis-ctrl-pm ietf-cmis-control-primitive RFC XXXX
cmis-ctrl-act ietf-cmis-control-action RFC XXXX
cmis-ctrl-rpc ietf-cmis-control-rpc RFC XXXX
cmis-mon ietf-cmis-monitor RFC XXXX

Note: The RFC Editor will replace XXXX with the number assigned to the RFC once this draft becomes an RFC.

2. Use Cases

This section describes use cases of the YANG data models for accessing and controlling CMIS.

2.1. Centralized Control of Pluggable DCO Transceivers

This YANG data model disaggregates management features for pluggable DCO transceivers installed in a platform device from its Network OS (NOS), enabling centralized control of such transceivers. For example, when a pluggable DCO transceiver is installed in a Customer Edge (CE) router connected to a DWDM/OTN network provided by a Communication Service Provider (CSP), the transceiver configurations (e.g., assigned wavelength, output power) strongly depend on the CSP's optical network design, such as the distance to the next node and the status of adjacent channels. Therefore, the CSP often needs to control the CE-equipped DCO transceiver as part of a managed service. If the customer alters these settings freely, it may cause severe interference with other active wavelengths in the CSP network. From a security and operational stability perspective, it is highly desirable to place the transceiver strictly under the CSP's management, as shown in Figure 1.


                         +-------------+
                   . . .>| Controller  |< . .
                   .     +-----A-------+    .
                   .           .            .
   ,---------.     .           .            .     ,---------.
  (           )    .       ,---V----.       .    (           )
 ( Customer +------V+     (          )     +V------+ Customer )
(   Network | CE [DCO]---(  DWDM/OTN  )---[DCO] CE |  Network  )
 (          +-------+     (          )     +-------+          )
  `-----------'            `--------'            `-----------'

`-------v-------' `------------v------------' `--------v------'
 Customer Domain    Service Provider Domain    Customer Domain

                                    Legend
                                    <. . . > : C-plane Signals

Figure 1: Centralized Control of Pluggable Modules

Furthermore, to increase the flexibility in combining various NOSs and pluggable DCO transceivers, an architecture that allows a centralized controller to manage the transceivers independently of the NOS's support status is an effective approach. Due to differences in DSP implementations among vendors and the continuous release of new specifications (e.g., 800G, 1.6T, and beyond), a NOS might only support a basic subset of a new transceiver's capabilities. This data model allows an external controller to configure and utilize advanced DSP features without waiting for NOS software upgrades.

Additionally, this decoupled management architecture is highly applicable to emerging advanced optical technologies such as OpenXR (XR Optics). OpenXR adopts an architecture where DSP management is decoupled from the host NOS, and this YANG model can serve as a standardized, governed means to realize such decoupling for standard CMIS modules. A key feature of OpenXR is point-to-multipoint (P2MP) coherent connectivity, where digital subcarriers within a single wavelength are divided and assigned to multiple remote transceivers. In a P2MP deployment where a single hub serves multiple customers, the optical signal is broadcast via passive splitters. Each leaf transceiver physically receives the entire optical spectrum but uses its DSP to selectively extract and demodulate only its assigned subcarriers. If a customer at the CE is allowed to freely reconfigure the transceiver's subcarrier assignments via CMIS, they could potentially tune into subcarriers allocated to other customers, leading to severe security risks such as eavesdropping. Thus, it is crucial that the CSP tightly controls the subcarrier allocations and DSP settings, explicitly restricting the host's access to prevent such vulnerabilities.

If the management of the DCO transceivers on the CEs is entirely delegated to the controller, the controller needs to monitor the DCO transceivers to detect failures. For this case, the notification-based YANG module described in Section 4.5 can be used.

Note that this use case describes an operational scenario, not a mechanism. Within this scenario, functions covered by abstracted data models are expected to be managed through those models; the mechanisms in this document apply only to the opaque, vendor-specific residual and to features not yet supported by the NOS, as described in the Introduction and in Section 2.2. The applicability of this document within this use case is therefore intentionally limited, and the abstracted models and this document are expected to cooperate under a single transport-domain controller.

2.2. Control of Non-supported DSP Features by NOS

The rapid evolution of optical technologies makes it difficult for NOS implementations, especially Open Source Software (OSS) NOSs like SONiC, to immediately support all features of a new transceiver. Often, a NOS utilizes only a basic subset (e.g., 30%) of a transceiver's capabilities required for standard link bring-up. By using this YANG data model, operators can complement the missing capabilities of the NOS in two ways:

  • Standard Pages: Operators can access advanced features, detailed alarms, and performance monitors defined in standard CMIS pages that the NOS has not yet implemented.

  • Custom Pages: Operators can obtain detailed DSP information and configure vendor-specific extensions contained in CMIS custom pages even if the modeling of the data is not standardized. Example uses of such detailed DSP information include fiber sensing (Ref. [ECOC48923.2020.9333176]), physical layer monitoring (Ref. [JLT.2021.3139167]), and accurate estimation (e.g., GSNR) (Ref. [JOCN.505729]).

3. CMIS Page Classification

To safely control CMIS modules from remote systems, it is essential to classify CMIS pages based on their management responsibility. Managing pages that are already under the control of the Host Network OS (NOS) can lead to conflicts and service disruption. Therefore, CMIS pages are categorized as follows based on the OIF CMIS and C-CMIS specifications:

Table 2: Detailed CMIS Page Classification
Category Page Number Description Remote Control
Lower Memory N/A Interrupt Flags and Module Status. Reading may cause Clear-on-Read (CoR) side effects. No
Base EEPROM & Advertising 00h, 01h Module ID, Vendor Information, and Supported Applications Advertising. Read-Only
Thresholds & Monitors 02h Alarm/Warning thresholds and generic monitors. Read-Only
Datapath Control & Status 10h, 11h Datapath initialization, Application selection, and Lane Status/Alarms. May
Timing & Tx/Rx Characteristics 12h Timing characteristics and tunable laser controls. May
Active Diagnostics 13h, 14h PRBS generation/checking, Loopbacks, and Diagnostic counters. May
Advanced Diagnostics (VDM) 20h - 2Fh Versatile Diagnostics Monitor (VDM) configuration and real-time values. May
Coherent Media Settings 30h - 3Fh C-CMIS media configuration (Grid, Frequency) and DSP monitors (OSNR, CD, DGD). May
Advanced Coherent Features 40h - 4Fh C-CMIS extended features such as FlexO and Out-of-Band (OOB) messaging. May
Firmware & Messaging (CDB) 9Fh - AFh Command Data Block (CDB) used for Firmware updates and complex messaging. Remote write MUST NOT be permitted (see Security Considerations). Read-Only
Vendor Specific Extensions B0h - FFh Proprietary extension pages. Remote control MUST be coordinated with Host NOS. May
Reserved & Minor Optional 03h-0Fh, 15h-1Fh, 50h-9Eh CMIS reserved pages and minor optional features. Remote access depends on Host NOS support. May

The 'remote-write-allowed-pages' and 'remote-read-allowed-pages' lists defined in the YANG model are used to clarify which pages are delegated to the remote system based on this classification.

4. CMIS Access and Control Modules

This document defines the following YANG modules for the management of CMIS-capable pluggable DCO transceivers.

Each module augments the ietf-interfaces module and allows the user to set the operating mode of CMIS for controlling pluggable devices as well as other operational parameters.

The "ietf-cmis-control-action" and "ietf-cmis-control-rpc" modules provide equivalent read/write operations as YANG 1.1 actions and as top-level RPCs, respectively. The action-based module is RECOMMENDED for servers that support YANG 1.1 actions because the operations are naturally scoped to the target interface; the RPC-based module is provided for clients and servers that cannot use actions.

4.1. ietf-cmis-control

The structure of ietf-cmis-control is shown below:

module: ietf-cmis-control

  augment /if:interfaces/if:interface:
    +--rw cmis-control
       +--ro cmis-enabled?                 boolean
       +--ro cmis-version?                 string
       +--rw default-policy?               enumeration
       +--rw remote-read-allowed-pages* [page-num]
       |  +--rw page-num    uint8
       +--rw remote-write-allowed-pages* [page-num]
       |  +--rw page-num    uint8
       +--rw cmis-page* [page-num bank]
          +--rw page-num            uint8
          +--rw bank                uint8
          +--ro page-access-type?   access-type
          +--rw description?        string
          +--rw value* [offset]
             +--rw offset               uint8
             +--rw size                 uint8
             +--ro value-access-type?   access-type
             +--rw value-data           binary
             +--rw description?         string
  • Note that the values related to CMIS pages are defined in [OIF-CMIS].

The allowlists ('remote-read-allowed-pages' and 'remote-write-allowed-pages') are defined per page number. A page granted in an allowlist applies to all banks of that page: banks are per-lane instances of the same page structure and share the same sensitivity. Bank-granular access control is a candidate extension for a future revision if finer delegation proves necessary.

The YANG module of "ietf-cmis-control" is defined as below.

<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-cmis-control@2026-07-12.yang"

module ietf-cmis-control {
  yang-version 1.1;
  namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control";
  prefix cmis-ctrl;

  import ietf-interfaces {
    prefix if;
  }

  organization
    "IETF CCAMP Working Group";

  contact
    "WG Web:   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ccamp/>
    WG List:  <mailto:ccamp@ietf.org>

    Editor:   Shunsuke Homma
      <mailto:shunsuke.homma.ietf@gmail.com>

    Editor:   Hitoshi Irino
      <mailto:hitoshi.irino.ntt@gmail.com>";

  description
    "This YANG module defines a data model for the management
    of CMIS (Common Management Interface Specification) pages
    as specified by OIF. It enables configuration and retrieval
    of CMIS page data, including access types and value fields,
    to support the management of pluggable optical modules via
    NETCONF or RESTCONF.

    The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
    NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
    'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
    described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
    they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

    Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified
    as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
    without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
    subject to the license terms contained in, the Revised
    BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
    Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
    (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

    This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX
    (https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcXXXX); see the RFC itself
    for full legal notices.";

// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note

  revision "2026-07-12" {
    description
      "Changed the key of the cmis-page list to 'page-num bank' to
       support banked pages.  Renamed access-type enums to avoid
       '/' in enum names.  Adopted inclusive terminology
       (allowlist).";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-04";
  }

  revision "2026-05-12" {
    description
      "Revised control model to use an allowlist approach.
       Added remote-read-allowed-pages for granular access control.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-02";
  }

  revision "2025-04-21" {
    description
      "Initial revision.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-00";
  }

  /*
   * CMIS control data nodes
   */

  typedef access-type {
      type enumeration {
        enum rw {
          description "A readable and writable element.";
        }
        enum rww {
          description "A readable and writable element that can be
          modified by the module.";
        }
        enum ro {
          description "A read-only element.";
        }
        enum wo {
          description "A write-only element.";
        }
        enum wo-sc {
          description "A write-only element with self-clearing side
          effect.";
        }
        enum ro-cor {
          description "A read-only element with clear-on-read side
          effect.";
        }
      }
      description
        "Defines access types for CMIS elements as defined in
        OIF-CMIS.";
  }

  grouping cmis-page {
    description
      "Parameters stored in the CMIS page";

    leaf page-num{
      type uint8 {
        range "0 .. 255";
      }
      mandatory true;
      description
        "The number of the CMIS page.";
    }

    leaf bank {
      type uint8;
      mandatory true;
      description
        "The banks corresponding to the CMIS page.";
    }

    leaf page-access-type {
      type access-type;
      config false;
      description "Access type of the CMIS page.";
    }

    leaf description {
      type string;
      description
        "The description of the CMIS page.";
    }

    list value {
      key "offset";
      description
      "The value contained in the CMIS page.";

      leaf offset {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description
          "The memory address of the value.";
      }

      leaf size {
        type uint8 {
          range "1 .. 128";
        }
        mandatory true;
        description
          "The memory size of the value.";
      }

      leaf value-access-type {
        type access-type;
        config false;
        description "Access type of the target value.";
      }

      leaf value-data {
        type binary;
        mandatory true;
        description
          "The data contained in the value. It is writable only
          when the access-type is not Read-Only or Read-Only with
          clear-on-read side effect.";
      }

      leaf description {
        type string;
        description
          "The description of the value.";
      }
    }
  }


  grouping cmis-pages {
    description
      "The list of the accessible CMIS pages supported by the
      pluggable device accommodated into the interface.";

    list cmis-page {
      key "page-num bank";
      description "A CMIS page supported by the device.";
      uses cmis-page;
    }
  }

  grouping cmis-control {
    description
      "Parameters for CMIS control and governance.";

    leaf cmis-enabled {
      type boolean;
      default "false";
      config false;
      description
        "The availability of the CMIS for control the pluggable
        device equipped in the interface. If the device does not
        support CMIS, this value is false.";
    }

    leaf cmis-version {
      type string;
      config false;
      description
        "The version of the CMIS by the pluggable device.";
    }

    leaf default-policy {
      type enumeration {
        enum disabled {
          description
            "Remote access is completely disabled for pages not
             listed in the allowlists.";
        }
        enum read-only {
          description
            "Remote access is restricted to monitoring only for pages
             not listed in 'remote-write-allowed-pages'.";
        }
      }
      default "read-only";
      description
        "Defines the default access policy for CMIS pages.";
    }

    list remote-read-allowed-pages {
      key "page-num";
      description
        "An allowlist of pages that are allowed to be READ
         by a remote controller, even if the default-policy
         is 'disabled'. This list is useful when
         'default-policy' is set to 'disabled' but specific
         pages need to be monitored.

         Note: this list authorizes access to pages only; it does not
         extend to Lower Memory (Address 0-127), which is independent
         of page selection. Care should be taken with remote reads of
         Lower Memory, as it may contain Clear-on-Read (CoR)
         registers managed by the Host NOS; see the Security
         Considerations of
         this document.";

      leaf page-num {
        type uint8;
        description "The CMIS page number allowed for remote read.";
      }
    }

    list remote-write-allowed-pages {
      key "page-num";
      description
        "An allowlist of pages that are allowed to be modified by
         a remote controller (Read/Write).
         If a page is listed in both this list and
         'remote-read-allowed-pages', this list takes precedence,
         granting Read/Write access.

         Note: inclusion of a page in this list does not authorize
         writes to Lower Memory (Address 0-127), which is independent
         of page selection and contains critical Host management
         flags. Remote writes to Lower Memory MUST NOT be permitted;
         see the Security Considerations of this document.

         When a page is removed from this list, the write
         delegation for that page is revoked and the Host NOS
         MUST strictly enforce its local configuration
         (running-config) on that page. Values modified by a
         remote controller MUST be overwritten by the Host's
         local configuration or reset to default values to
         maintain configuration consistency. Note that
         'default-policy' does not affect pages listed here;
         it governs only pages that are not present in either
         allowlist.";

      leaf page-num {
        type uint8;
        description "The CMIS page number allowed for remote write.";
      }
    }

    uses cmis-pages;

  }

  /*
   * Augment Interface
   */

  augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
    description "Augments interface with CMIS control parameters.";
    container cmis-control {
      description "Container for CMIS control.";
      uses cmis-control;
    }
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

4.2. ietf-cmis-control-primitive

This document provides a more primitive YANG data model for CMIS access and control. This is called "ietf-cmis-control-primitive" or "primitive mode"; it doesn't manage supplemental information, such as access-types or descriptions, of the fields in a CMIS page, and treats accessed memory as a flat data structure.

This model enables the implementation of the server (i.e., network node) side to be simple, but on the other hand, the client (i.e., controller) side needs strict management of the data of CMIS pages. Note that the simplification concerns the handling of metadata (access types and descriptions), not the access governance: enforcing the governance is a lightweight per-page lookup and is required in both modes. For example, when a client sends a request to change any value, it needs to comprehend the page number, the offset, and the data size in which the data is contained.

Access via the primitive mode is subject to the same access governance as the base module: the 'default-policy' and the allowlists of "ietf-cmis-control" apply equally to primitive-mode access, and the prohibited regions (writes to Lower Memory, and the CDB/firmware pages) remain non-delegable regardless of which module is used. The primitive mode simplifies the data representation; it does not provide a way to bypass the governance.

The tree diagram of "ietf-cmis-control-primitive" is shown below:

module: ietf-cmis-control-primitive

  augment /if:interfaces/if:interface:
    +--rw cmis-control-primitive
       +--ro cmis-enabled?          boolean
       +--ro cmis-version?          string
       +--rw primitive-cmis-page* [page-num bank offset]
          +--rw page-num    uint8
          +--rw bank        uint8
          +--rw offset      uint8
          +--rw size        uint8
          +--rw value       binary

The "ietf-cmis-control-primitive" module is defined as below.

<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-cmis-control-primitive@2026-07-12.yang"

module ietf-cmis-control-primitive {
  yang-version 1.1;
  namespace
    "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-primitive";
  prefix cmis-ctrl-pm;

  import ietf-interfaces {
    prefix if;
  }

  organization
    "IETF CCAMP Working Group";

  contact
    "WG Web:   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ccamp/>
    WG List:  <mailto:ccamp@ietf.org>

    Editor:   Shunsuke Homma
      <mailto:shunsuke.homma.ietf@gmail.com>

    Editor:   Hitoshi Irino
      <mailto:hitoshi.irino.ntt@gmail.com>";

  description
    "This YANG module defines a primitive data model for the
    management of CMIS (Common Management Interface Specification)
    pages as specified by OIF. It treats CMIS page memory as a
    flat data structure without supplemental information such as
    access types or descriptions, to support the management of
    pluggable optical modules via NETCONF or RESTCONF.

    Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified
    as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
    without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
    subject to the license terms contained in, the Revised
    BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
    Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
    (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

    This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX
    (https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcXXXX); see the RFC itself
    for full legal notices.";

// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note

  revision "2026-07-12" {
    description
      "Changed the key of the primitive-cmis-page list to
       'page-num bank offset' so that multiple memory regions
       can be held simultaneously.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-04";
  }

  revision "2026-06-10" {
    description
      "Restored the datastore-based module definition; the module
       body in the previous revisions of this document had been
       erroneously replaced with action definitions.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-03";
  }

  revision "2025-04-21" {
    description
      "Initial revision.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-00";
  }

  /*
   * Primitive Mode of CMIS control data nodes
   */

  grouping primitive-cmis-page {
    description
      "Parameters stored in the CMIS page as flat data structure";

    leaf page-num {
      type uint8 {
        range "0 .. 255";
      }
      description
        "The number of the CMIS page.";
    }

    leaf bank {
      type uint8;
      description
        "The bank corresponding to the CMIS page.";
    }

    leaf offset {
      type uint8;
      description
        "The memory address of the value.";
    }

    leaf size {
      type uint8 {
        range "1 .. 128";
      }
      mandatory true;
      description
        "The memory size of the value.";
    }

    leaf value {
      type binary;
      mandatory true;
      description
        "The actual data to write to the CMIS memory.";
    }
  }

  grouping cmis-control-primitive {
    description
      "Parameters for primitive CMIS control of the pluggable
      device equipped in the interface.";

    leaf cmis-enabled {
      type boolean;
      default "false";
      config false;
      description
        "The availability of the CMIS for control the pluggable
        device equipped in the interface. If the device does not
        support CMIS, this value is false.";
    }

    leaf cmis-version {
      type string;
      config false;
      description
        "The version of the CMIS by the pluggable device.";
    }

    list primitive-cmis-page {
      key "page-num bank offset";
      description
        "A flat representation of CMIS page memory.";
      uses primitive-cmis-page;
    }
  }

  /*
   * Augment Interface
   */

  augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
    description
      "Augments interface with primitive CMIS control parameters.";
    container cmis-control-primitive {
      description
        "Container for primitive CMIS control.";
      uses cmis-control-primitive;
    }
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

4.3. ietf-cmis-control-action

The "ietf-cmis-control-action" module defines action-based control of CMIS pages using YANG 1.1 actions [RFC7950].

module: ietf-cmis-control-action

  augment /if:interfaces/if:interface:
    +---x cmis-read
    |  +---w input
    |  |  +---w page      uint8
    |  |  +---w bank      uint8
    |  |  +---w offset    uint8
    |  |  +---w size      uint8
    |  +--rw output
    |     +--rw data?   binary
    +---x cmis-write
       +---w input
       |  +---w page      uint8
       |  +---w bank      uint8
       |  +---w offset    uint8
       |  +---w data      binary
       +--rw output
          +--rw status?             enumeration
          +--rw post-write-value?   binary

The YANG module of "ietf-cmis-control-action" is defined as below.

<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-cmis-control-action@2026-07-12.yang"

module ietf-cmis-control-action {
  yang-version 1.1;
  namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-action";
  prefix cmis-ctrl-act;

  import ietf-interfaces {
    prefix if;
  }

  organization
    "IETF CCAMP Working Group";

  contact
    "WG Web:   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ccamp/>
    WG List:  <mailto:ccamp@ietf.org>

    Editor:   Shunsuke Homma
      <mailto:shunsuke.homma.ietf@gmail.com>

    Editor:   Hitoshi Irino
      <mailto:hitoshi.irino.ntt@gmail.com>";

  description
    "This YANG module defines a data model for action-based
    management of CMIS (Common Management Interface Specification)
    pages as specified by OIF. It enables configuration and
    retrieval of CMIS page data, including access types and value
    fields, to support the management of pluggable optical modules
    via NETCONF or RESTCONF.

    The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
    NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
    'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
    described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
    they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

    Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified
    as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
    without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
    subject to the license terms contained in, the Revised
    BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
    Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
    (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

    This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX
    (https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcXXXX); see the RFC itself
    for full legal notices.";

// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note
  revision "2026-07-12" {
    description
      "Adopted inclusive terminology (allowlist).";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-04";
  }

  revision "2026-05-12" {
    description
      "Updated action definitions to respect governance policy
       defined in ietf-cmis-control.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-02";
  }

  revision "2025-10-11" {
    description "Initial revision.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-01";
  }

  augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
    description
      "Add CMIS read/write actions under interface.";

    action cmis-read {
      description
        "Read CMIS register via action context.
         The operation MUST respect the governance policy defined
         in the 'cmis-control' container of the target interface.
         If the target page is not accessible (e.g., default-policy
         is 'disabled' and the page is not in the read/write
         allowlists), the server MUST return an error.
         Note: Care should be taken when accessing Lower Memory
         (Address 0-127) as it may contain
         Clear-on-Read registers.";
      input {
        leaf page {
          type uint8;
          mandatory true;
          description "The number of the CMIS page.";
        }
        leaf bank {
          type uint8;
          mandatory true;
          description "The banks corresponding to the CMIS page.";
        }
        leaf offset {
          type uint8;
          mandatory true;
          description "The memory address of the value.";
        }
        leaf size {
          type uint8{
            range "1 .. 128";
          }
          mandatory true;
          description "The memory size of the value.";
        }
      }
      output {
        leaf data {
          type binary;
          description "Raw register data.";
        }
      }
    }

    action cmis-write {
      description
        "Write CMIS register data via action context.
         The operation MUST respect the governance policy defined
         in the 'cmis-control' container of the target interface.
         If the target page is not in the
         'remote-write-allowed-pages' list, the server MUST
         reject the request. Writing to Lower Memory
         (Address 0-127) MUST NOT be performed to prevent
         interference with Host management.";
      input {
        leaf page {
          type uint8;
          mandatory true;
          description "The number of the CMIS page.";
        }
        leaf bank {
          type uint8;
          mandatory true;
          description "The banks corresponding to the CMIS page.";
        }
        leaf offset {
          type uint8;
          mandatory true;
          description "The memory address of the value.";
        }
        leaf data {
          type binary;
          mandatory true;
          description "Data to write.";
        }
      }
      output {
        leaf status {
          type enumeration {
            enum success {
              description "Write operation succeeded.";
            }
            enum not-permitted {
              description
                "Write request was rejected due to access-type or
                 governance policy (e.g., page not in allowlist).";
            }
            enum io-error {
              description "I/O error during write.";
            }
            enum invalid-params {
              description "Bad parameters";
            }
          }
          description "Result of the write operation.";
        }

        leaf post-write-value {
          type binary;
          description
            "Optional read-back of the target value after write.
             Present only if the implementation performed a read-back
             (e.g., for 'rw' registers). Not present for 'wo'
             registers or when no-readback was
             requested/possible.";
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

4.4. ietf-cmis-control-rpc

The "ietf-cmis-control-rpc" module provides a schema to control CMIS pages with NETCONF RPC.

The tree diagram of "ietf-cmis-control-rpc" is shown below.

module: ietf-cmis-control-rpc

  rpcs:
    +---x cmis-read
    |  +---w input
    |  |  +---w interface-name    -> /if:interfaces/interface/name
    |  |  +---w page              uint8
    |  |  +---w bank              uint8
    |  |  +---w offset            uint8
    |  |  +---w size?             uint8
    |  +--ro output
    |     +--ro data?   binary
    +---x cmis-write
       +---w input
       |  +---w interface-name    -> /if:interfaces/interface/name
       |  +---w page              uint8
       |  +---w bank              uint8
       |  +---w offset            uint8
       |  +---w data              binary
       +--ro output
          +--ro status?             enumeration
          +--ro post-write-value?   binary

The YANG module of "ietf-cmis-control-rpc" is defined as below.

<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-cmis-control-rpc@2026-07-12.yang"

module ietf-cmis-control-rpc {
  yang-version 1.1;
  namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-rpc";
  prefix cmis-ctrl-rpc;

  import ietf-interfaces {
    prefix if;
  }

  organization
    "IETF CCAMP Working Group";

  contact
    "WG Web:   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ccamp/>
    WG List:  <mailto:ccamp@ietf.org>

    Editor:   Shunsuke Homma
      <mailto:shunsuke.homma.ietf@gmail.com>

    Editor:   Hitoshi Irino
      <mailto:hitoshi.irino.ntt@gmail.com>";

  description
    "This YANG module defines a data model for the management
    of CMIS (Common Management Interface Specification) pages
    as specified by OIF with RPC. It enables configuration and
    retrieval of CMIS page data, including access types and
    value fields, to support the management of pluggable
    optical modules via NETCONF or RESTCONF.

    The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
    NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
    'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
    described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
    they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

    Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified
    as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
    without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
    subject to the license terms contained in, the Revised
    BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
    Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
    (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

    This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX
    (https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcXXXX); see the RFC itself
    for full legal notices.";

// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note

  revision "2026-07-12" {
    description
      "Adopted inclusive terminology (allowlist).";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-04";
  }

  revision "2026-05-12" {
    description
      "Updated RPC definitions to respect governance policy
       defined in ietf-cmis-control.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-02";
  }

  revision "2025-10-11" {
    description
      "Initial revision.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-01";
  }

  rpc cmis-read {
    description
      "Read a CMIS register from a pluggable DCO transceiver.
       The operation MUST respect the governance policy defined
       in the 'cmis-control' container of the target interface.
       Note: Care should be taken when accessing Lower Memory
       (Address 0-127) as it may contain
       Clear-on-Read registers.";
    input {
      leaf interface-name {
        type leafref{
          path "/if:interfaces/if:interface/if:name";
        }
        mandatory true;
        description "Target interface name.";
      }
      leaf page {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description "The number of the CMIS page.";
      }
      leaf bank {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description "The bank of the CMIS page.";
      }
      leaf offset {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description "The memory address of the value.";
      }
      leaf size {
        type uint8;
        default 1;
        description "Number of bytes to read.";
      }
    }
    output {
      leaf data {
        type binary;
        description "Raw register data.";
      }
    }
  }

  rpc cmis-write {
    description
      "Write CMIS register data to a pluggable module.
       The operation MUST respect the governance policy defined
       in the 'cmis-control' container of the target interface.
       If the target page is not in the
       'remote-write-allowed-pages' list, the server MUST
       reject the request. Writing to Lower Memory
       (Address 0-127) MUST NOT be performed to prevent
       interference with Host management.";
    input {
      leaf interface-name {
        type leafref{
          path "/if:interfaces/if:interface/if:name";
        }
        mandatory true;
        description "Target interface name.";
      }
      leaf page {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description "The number of the CMIS page.";
      }
      leaf bank {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description "The banks corresponding to the CMIS page.";
      }
      leaf offset {
        type uint8;
        mandatory true;
        description "The memory address of the value.";
      }
      leaf data {
        type binary;
        mandatory true;
        description "Data to write.";
      }
    }
    output {
      leaf status {
        type enumeration {
          enum success {
            description "Write operation succeeded.";
          }
          enum not-permitted {
            description
              "Write request was rejected due to access-type or
               governance policy (e.g., page not in allowlist).";
          }
          enum io-error {
            description "I/O error during write.";
          }
          enum invalid-params {
            description "Bad parameters provided.";
          }
        }
        description "Result of the write operation.";
      }

      leaf post-write-value {
        type binary;
        description
          "Optional read-back of the target value after write.
           Present only if the implementation performed a read-back
           (e.g., for 'rw' registers). Not present for 'wo' registers
           or when no-readback was requested/possible.";
      }
    }
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

4.5. ietf-cmis-monitor

The "ietf-cmis-monitor" module provides monitoring capabilities for CMIS-based optical modules.

The tree diagram of "ietf-cmis-monitor" is shown below.

module: ietf-cmis-monitor
  +--rw monitors
     +--rw monitor-rule* [id]
        +--rw id                string
        +--rw interface-name    -> /if:interfaces/interface/name
        +--rw monitor-target
        |  +--rw page      uint8
        |  +--rw bank      uint8
        |  +--rw offset    uint8
        |  +--rw size?     uint8
        +--rw condition
        |  +--rw value-encoding?   enumeration
        |  +--rw scale-factor?     decimal64
        |  +--rw condition-type    enumeration
        |  +--rw threshold?        decimal64
        |  +--rw delta-rate?       decimal64
        +--rw interval-ms?      uint32
        +--rw enabled?          boolean

  notifications:
    +---n cmis-monitor-event
       +--ro interface-name?   string
       +--ro rule-id?          string
       +--ro monitor-target
       |  +--ro page      uint8
       |  +--ro bank      uint8
       |  +--ro offset    uint8
       |  +--ro size?     uint8
       +--ro condition-type?   enumeration
       +--ro current-value?    binary
       +--ro threshold?        decimal64
       +--ro delta-rate?       decimal64
       +--ro timestamp?        yang:date-and-time

The YANG module of "ietf-cmis-monitor" is defined as below.

<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-cmis-monitor@2026-07-12.yang"

module ietf-cmis-monitor {
  yang-version 1.1;
  namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-monitor";
  prefix cmis-mon;

  import ietf-interfaces {
    prefix if;
  }
  import ietf-yang-types {
    prefix yang;
  }

  organization
    "IETF CCAMP Working Group";

  contact
    "WG Web:   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ccamp/>
     WG List:  <mailto:ccamp@ietf.org>

    Editor:   Shunsuke Homma
      <mailto:shunsuke.homma.ietf@gmail.com>

    Editor:   Hitoshi Irino
      <mailto:hitoshi.irino.ntt@gmail.com>";

  description
    "This module provides monitoring capabilities for CMIS-based
     optical modules. Users can define monitor rules for CMIS
     registers identified by page/bank/offset/size. Notifications
     are generated when threshold or delta-rate conditions are met.

    The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
    NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
    'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
    described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
    they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

    Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified
    as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
    without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and
    subject to the license terms contained in, the Revised
    BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's
    Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
    (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

    This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX
    (https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcXXXX); see the RFC itself
    for full legal notices.";

  revision "2026-07-12" {
    description
      "Added value-encoding and scale-factor to define how raw
       register data is interpreted for threshold and delta-rate
       comparison.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-04";
  }

  revision "2025-10-11" {
    description "Initial revision.";
    reference
      "I-D.hi-ccamp-cmis-control-yang-01";
  }

  grouping monitor-target {
    description
      "Target CMIS register to monitor.";
    leaf page {
      type uint8;
      mandatory true;
      description "The number of the CMIS page.";
    }
    leaf bank {
      type uint8;
      mandatory true;
      description "The bank of the CMIS page.";
    }
    leaf offset {
      type uint8;
      mandatory true;
      description "The memory address of the value.";
    }
    leaf size {
      type uint8 {
        range "1 .. 128";
      }
      description "The memory size of the monitored value.";
    }
  }

  container monitors {
    description "Container for all monitor rules.";

    list monitor-rule {
      key "id";
      description "Monitoring rule.";

      leaf id {
        type string;
        description "Unique identifier of the rule.";
      }

      leaf interface-name {
        type leafref {
          path "/if:interfaces/if:interface/if:name";
        }
        mandatory true;
        description "Target interface of the monitored CMIS module.";
      }

      container monitor-target {
        description "Target CMIS register details.";
        uses monitor-target;
      }

      container condition {
        description
          "Condition to trigger notification. For 'threshold' and
          'delta-rate' conditions, the monitored register data is
          interpreted as a number according to 'value-encoding'
          and 'scale-factor', and the result is compared against
          'threshold' or 'delta-rate'. For numeric interpretation,
          the size of the monitored value MUST be 8 bytes or
          less.";
        leaf value-encoding {
          type enumeration {
            enum unsigned-int {
              description
                "The register data is interpreted as a big-endian
                unsigned integer.";
            }
            enum signed-int {
              description
                "The register data is interpreted as a big-endian
                two's-complement signed integer.";
            }
          }
          default "unsigned-int";
          description
            "How the raw register data is interpreted as a number
            before comparison.";
        }
        leaf scale-factor {
          type decimal64 {
            fraction-digits 6;
          }
          default "1.0";
          description
            "Multiplier applied to the interpreted integer value
            before comparison (e.g., to apply CMIS-defined scaling
            of monitored values).";
        }
        leaf condition-type {
          type enumeration {
            enum threshold {
              description "Condition based on crossing a threshold.";
            }
            enum delta-rate {
              description "Condition based on a rate of change.";
            }
          }
          mandatory true;
          description "Type of condition.";
        }
        leaf threshold {
          type decimal64 {
            fraction-digits 2;
          }
          description
            "Threshold value for triggering notification
            (only used for threshold type).";
        }
        leaf delta-rate {
          type decimal64 {
            fraction-digits 2;
          }
          description
            "Maximum allowed change per interval (only used for
            delta-rate type).";
        }
      }

      leaf interval-ms {
        type uint32;
        default 1000;
        description "Monitoring interval in milliseconds.";
      }

      leaf enabled {
        type boolean;
        default true;
        description "Enable or disable this monitor rule.";
      }
    }
  }

  notification cmis-monitor-event {
    description
      "Notification raised when monitor rule condition is met.";

    leaf interface-name {
      type string;
      description "Interface name of the monitored module.";
    }

    leaf rule-id {
      type string;
      description "ID of the rule that triggered this notification.";
    }

    container monitor-target {
      description "Target CMIS register that triggered the event.";
      uses monitor-target;
    }

    leaf condition-type {
      type enumeration {
        enum threshold {
          description "Triggered by crossing a threshold.";
        }
        enum delta-rate {
          description "Triggered by a rate of change.";
        }
      }
      description "The type of condition that was met.";
    }

    leaf current-value {
      type binary;
      description "Current value of the monitored register.";
    }

    leaf threshold {
      type decimal64 {
        fraction-digits 2;
      }
      description "Threshold value (present if threshold type).";
    }

    leaf delta-rate {
      type decimal64 {
        fraction-digits 2;
      }
      description "Delta-rate value (present if delta-rate type).";
    }

    leaf timestamp {
      type yang:date-and-time;
      description "Time when the notification was generated.";
    }
  }
}

<CODE ENDS>

5. Control Handover

Adding a page to 'remote-write-allowed-pages' delegates write control of that page to the remote system. While a page is delegated, the host NOS MUST NOT autonomously modify registers on that page, except for safety-related intervention (e.g., shutting down a transmitter); after such intervention, the host SHOULD notify the remote system (e.g., via the ietf-cmis-monitor module).

Removing a page from 'remote-write-allowed-pages' revokes the write delegation for that page. Setting 'default-policy' to 'disabled' revokes the implicit read access to pages that are not present in either allowlist; it does not revoke the write delegation for pages that remain in 'remote-write-allowed-pages'. Upon revocation of a write delegation, the host NOS MUST enforce its local configuration on the affected page, overwriting values modified by the remote controller or resetting them to default values, as specified in the ietf-cmis-control module. Revocation takes effect for operations initiated after the governance change; implementations SHOULD reject in-flight remote writes that have not yet been applied.

6. Deployment Considerations

The mechanisms in this document provide low-level access to module registers and are intended for controlled environments: a single administrative domain in which the remote controller is operated by, or trusted by, the operator of the host device.

A staged deployment is RECOMMENDED. Initial use is expected in lab validation, bring-up, and troubleshooting. In production networks, deployments SHOULD start with read-only and monitoring-centric use, and SHOULD enable write access only for specific pages and procedures that have been validated in advance (e.g., delegated vendor custom pages). This document is not intended to provide a general-purpose provisioning path that replaces abstracted data models where they exist. Settings that change the host's interface inventory (e.g., breakout configuration) remain the responsibility of the host's interface and platform management; the use of this model assumes that the interface structure is consistent with the module configuration.

Concrete examples of custom-page usage, together with an analysis of why their exposure does not harm host operation, are provided in Appendix D. A summary of deployment models for pluggable management, and how the governance settings of this document map to them, is provided in Appendix C.

7. Scalability Considerations

The 'ietf-cmis-control' module represents page memory as YANG data nodes. Retrieving the operational state of the cmis-page/value subtree implies reading the corresponding module memory over the host-internal management bus (e.g., i2c), which is slow and shared with host-critical module management. An unfiltered retrieval, or frequent polling of this subtree, can therefore transfer large amounts of data and saturate the management bus.

For on-demand register access, clients SHOULD use the targeted operations defined in 'ietf-cmis-control-action' or 'ietf-cmis-control-rpc', which read or write only the requested offset and size. The datastore model is intended primarily for configuring the access governance (default-policy and the allowlists), discovering supported pages, and holding a bounded set of values of interest. For change-driven data collection, the 'ietf-cmis-monitor' module SHOULD be used instead of polling the datastore.

Servers SHOULD support subtree or XPath filtering for these nodes, MAY populate value data on demand, and SHOULD bound the amount of module memory readable in a single retrieval. Implementations SHOULD rate-limit remote read and write operations and MUST enforce a lower bound on the monitoring interval ('interval-ms'); the specific limits are implementation and deployment specific. Note that the allowlists also bound the set of pages exposed to a remote system.

8. Implementation Status

[Note to the RFC Editor: Please remove this entire section, as well as the reference to [RFC7942], before publication.]

This section records the status of known implementations of the data models defined by this specification at the time of posting of this Internet-Draft, following the process described in [RFC7942]. The description of implementations in this section is intended to assist the IETF in its decision processes in progressing drafts to RFCs.

9. Security Considerations

9.1. Threat Model and Design Rationale

This section analyzes the attack surface introduced by the data models in this document, distinguishes it from access paths that exist independently of this document, and maps each identified risk to a corresponding control.

Register-level access to a pluggable module is not, by itself, a capability introduced by this document. The register map of a module, including vendor-specific custom pages, is readable by anyone with physical access to the module, and host platforms commonly provide local diagnostic mechanisms that expose it. What this document introduces is a remote access path to those registers. The security objective is therefore not to prevent register access as such, but to ensure that remote access is explicitly delegated, bounded in scope, auditable, and revocable. The page-level governance mechanism of the 'ietf-cmis-control' module exists to meet this objective: no page is remotely writable unless the operator has explicitly delegated it, and the delegation itself is recorded in the configuration and is therefore auditable.

Delegating a page transfers operational responsibility for that page, including the side effects of read operations. In particular, registers with clear-on-read (CoR) semantics can be read meaningfully by only one party: if a remote system reads such a register, the host NOS may miss the corresponding event, and vice versa. Consequently, a page that the host NOS needs to consult for its own operations SHOULD NOT be delegated; conversely, once a page is delegated, the responsibility for reading it, including any CoR semantics, rests with the remote system. Conflicts arising from concurrent use of a delegated page by both parties are a delegation design error rather than a protocol defect; the handover behavior when delegation is granted or revoked is specified in Section 5.

Certain regions of the CMIS address space MUST NOT be delegated under any governance configuration. Writes to Lower Memory MUST NOT be permitted, as it contains host management flags and page-selection registers whose modification would corrupt the host NOS's own module management. In addition, the firmware management pages (the Command Data Block (CDB) pages, 9Fh - AFh) MUST NOT be included in 'remote-write-allowed-pages': write access to these pages could be used to initiate a firmware update and inject malicious firmware into the module, which, unlike a misconfigured register value, constitutes a persistent compromise. These prohibitions apply independently of, and take precedence over, any operator configuration. Furthermore, an implementation MAY impose additional system-level restrictions that limit the set of pages exposed to remote systems below what the operator has configured; such restrictions take precedence over the operator's configuration, and pages so restricted are treated as if they were not present in the allowlists. A mechanism for advertising such system-level restrictions is under consideration for a future revision of this document.

Threats that stem from misconfigured delegation, such as allowlisting standard pages that affect transmission characteristics, are addressed by the deployment guidance in Section 6. The residual risk that is genuinely new in this document is resource exhaustion of the module management bus; this risk and the corresponding controls are specified in Section 7.

9.2. Considerations for the YANG Module Data Nodes

The YANG modules specified in this document define a schema for data that is designed to be accessed via network management protocols such as NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. The lowest NETCONF layer is the secure transport layer, and the mandatory-to-implement secure transport is Secure Shell (SSH) [RFC6242]. The lowest RESTCONF layer is HTTPS, and the mandatory-to-implement secure transport is TLS [RFC8446].

The Network Configuration Access Control Model (NACM) [RFC8341] provides the means to restrict access for particular NETCONF or RESTCONF users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol operations and content.

Unlike typical YANG data models, the models in this document provide raw register-level access to the pluggable device. NACM controls access at the granularity of data nodes and operations, and it cannot restrict access based on the values of RPC or action input parameters (e.g., the target page number). Therefore, this document additionally defines a page-level governance mechanism in the 'ietf-cmis-control' module that complements NACM:

  • default-policy: Determines the access level for pages NOT explicitly listed in the allowlists. The default is 'read-only'. Setting this to 'disabled' blocks all remote access to pages that are not explicitly allowed.

  • remote-read-allowed-pages: An allowlist that explicitly permits remote read access to specific CMIS pages, even when default-policy is 'disabled'.

  • remote-write-allowed-pages: An allowlist that explicitly permits remote write access to specific CMIS pages. Pages listed here are under remote control. If a page appears in both lists, write access takes precedence.

There are a number of data nodes and operations defined in these YANG modules that are writable/creatable/deletable or invocable and that are particularly sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. Write operations to these data nodes and invocation of these operations without proper protection can have a negative effect on network operations:

  • /if:interfaces/if:interface/cmis-control/default-policy, remote-read-allowed-pages, and remote-write-allowed-pages: Misconfiguration of these nodes can expose sensitive pages to an untrusted remote system or break the page-level governance described above. Write access to these nodes SHOULD be restricted to the operator of the platform device via NACM.

  • /if:interfaces/if:interface/cmis-control/cmis-page/value/value-data, the 'cmis-write' action and RPC, and the 'primitive-cmis-page' list: Arbitrary register writes can modify transmitter characteristics such as output power and frequency, which may cause severe interference with other active wavelengths in the optical network. Writes to Command Data Block (CDB) pages (9Fh - AFh) can initiate firmware updates; an attacker with write access to these pages could attempt to inject malicious firmware into the module. Writes to Lower Memory MUST NOT be permitted, as it contains critical host management flags.

  • /monitors/monitor-rule (ietf-cmis-monitor): A monitor rule with a very small 'interval-ms' can saturate the management bus (e.g., i2c) shared with the host NOS, resulting in a denial of service against local module management. Implementations SHOULD enforce a lower bound on the polling interval.

Some of the readable data nodes in these YANG modules may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. In particular, vendor identification and detailed diagnostic data can reveal information about the network design. In addition, reading registers with clear-on-read (CoR) semantics has side effects; the delegation principle for such registers is discussed in Section 9.1.

The operator MUST ensure that the pages delegated to the remote system (via the allowlists) do not overlap with pages required for the host NOS's basic link establishment operations.

Regarding the use of the primitive mode, the control rights of the accessible pages are delegated to a controller. Therefore, it is recommended that this mode be used only when the controller can be trusted, for example, when the controlled device and the controller are managed by the same operator. Otherwise, specific pages which may affect data plane signaling SHOULD NOT be exposed, by using access control features such as NACM [RFC8341].

This document does not define mechanisms for the atomicity or mutual exclusion of multi-step CMIS operations (e.g., CDB command sequences) between the host NOS and a remote system; coordination of such operations is the responsibility of the operator and is out of scope for this document.

10. IANA Considerations

This document requests IANA to register the following URIs in the "ns" subregistry within the "IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688]:

  URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control
  Registrant Contact:  The IESG.
  XML:  N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.

  URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-primitive
  Registrant Contact:  The IESG.
  XML:  N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.

  URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-action
  Registrant Contact:  The IESG.
  XML:  N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.

  URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-rpc
  Registrant Contact:  The IESG.
  XML:  N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.

  URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-monitor
  Registrant Contact:  The IESG.
  XML:  N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.

This document also requests IANA to register the following YANG modules in the "YANG Module Names" registry [RFC6020] within the "YANG Parameters" registry group.

   Name:  ietf-cmis-control
   Maintained by IANA?  N
   Namespace:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control
   Prefix:  cmis-ctrl
   Reference:  RFC XXXX

   Name:  ietf-cmis-control-primitive
   Maintained by IANA?  N
   Namespace:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-primitive
   Prefix:  cmis-ctrl-pm
   Reference:  RFC XXXX

   Name:  ietf-cmis-control-action
   Maintained by IANA?  N
   Namespace:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-action
   Prefix:  cmis-ctrl-act
   Reference:  RFC XXXX

   Name:  ietf-cmis-control-rpc
   Maintained by IANA?  N
   Namespace:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-control-rpc
   Prefix:  cmis-ctrl-rpc
   Reference:  RFC XXXX

   Name:  ietf-cmis-monitor
   Maintained by IANA?  N
   Namespace:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-cmis-monitor
   Prefix:  cmis-mon
   Reference:  RFC XXXX

11. References

11.1. Normative References

[OIF-CMIS]
OIF, "Common Management Interface Specification (CMIS) Revision 5.4", OIF Implementation Agreement OIF-CMIS-05.4, , <https://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-CMIS-05.4.pdf>.
[RFC2119]
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3688]
Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688, DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC6020]
Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020, DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.
[RFC6242]
Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.
[RFC7950]
Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language", RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8174]
Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8340]
Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams", BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8343]
Bjorklund, M., "A YANG Data Model for Interface Management", RFC 8343, DOI 10.17487/RFC8343, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8343>.
[RFC8446]
Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8446>.

11.2. Informative References

[CIENA-MGMT]
Pearson, T., "Pluggable coherent optics - What is the best management approach?", , <https://www.ciena.com/insights/blog/2023/pluggable-coherent-optics-what-is-the-best-management-approach>.
[ECOC48923.2020.9333176]
Cantono, M., Kamalov, V., Salsi, M., Newland, M., and Z. Zhan, "Sub-Hertz Spectral Analysis of Polarization of Light in a Transcontinental Submarine Cable", European Conference on Optical Communications ECOC 2020, DOI 10.1109/ECOC48923.2020.9333176, , <https://doi.org/10.1109/ECOC48923.2020.9333176>.
[I-D.davis-ccamp-photonic-plug-control-arch]
IETF (Work in Progress), "Architectural Considerations for Photonic Plug Control", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-davis-ccamp-photonic-plug-control-arch, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-davis-ccamp-photonic-plug-control-arch>.
[I-D.poidt-ccamp-actn-poi-pluggable]
IETF (Work in Progress), "ACTN POI Pluggable: Packet Over Optical Integration for Coherent Pluggables", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-poidt-ccamp-actn-poi-pluggable, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-poidt-ccamp-actn-poi-pluggable>.
[I-D.rokui-ccamp-actn-wdm-pluggable-modelling]
Rokui, R., Guo, A., Bedard, P., Balasundaram, S., and G. Grammel, "Data Modelling and Gap Analysis of Optical Pluggables in Packet Over Optical Network", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-rokui-ccamp-actn-wdm-pluggable-modelling-03, , <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-rokui-ccamp-actn-wdm-pluggable-modelling-03>.
[JLT.2021.3139167]
Sasai, T., Nakamura, M., Yamazaki, E., Yamamoto, S., Nishizawa, H., and Y. Kisaka, "Digital Longitudinal Monitoring of Optical Fiber Communication Link", Journal of Lightwave Technology volume:40, DOI 10.1109/JLT.2021.3139167, , <https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2021.3139167>.
[JOCN.505729]
Nishizawa, H., Mano, T., Ferreira de Lima, T., Huang, Y., Wang, Z., Ishida, W., Kawashima, M., Ip, E., D'Amico, A., Okamoto, S., Inoue, T., Anazawa, K., Curri, V., Zussman, G., Kilper, D., Chen, T., Wang, T., Asahi, K., and K. Takasugi, "Fast WDM provisioning with minimal probing: the first field experiments for DC exchanges", JOCN 505729, DOI 10.1364/JOCN.505729, , <https://doi.org/10.1364/JOCN.505729>.
[OIF-PNP]
OIF, "OIF-CMIS-Plug-and-Play-01.0 (white paper)", , <https://www.oiforum.com/wp-content/uploads/OIF-CMIS-Plug-and-Play-01.0.pdf>.
[RFC6241]
Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC7942]
Sheffer, Y. and A. Farrel, "Improving Awareness of Running Code: The Implementation Status Section", BCP 205, RFC 7942, DOI 10.17487/RFC7942, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7942>.
[RFC8040]
Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8341]
Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341, DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8341>.
[RFC8342]
Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K., and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, , <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.

Appendix A. Contributors

The following individuals contributed to the development and review of this document:

Kazuya Anazawa (NTT)

Email: kazuya.anazawa@ntt.com

Appendix B. Implementation Patterns

This document introduces two patterns to implement a client using an interface in which this YANG data model is available:

Pattern1:
Controller/NMS on Remote Host
In this pattern, a controller or an NMS implements a client using this YANG data model, and controls pluggable modules installed to a platform device. The overview is shown in Figure 2.
Pattern2:
Application Running on the Platform Device
In this pattern, a 3rd party's application running on a platform device implements a client using this YANG data model, and controls pluggable modules installed to the device. That application can behave as a server using this YANG data model, or provide more generic interfaces, such as REST APIs to remote systems. The overview is shown in Figure 3.

+-----------------------+
|    Controller/NMS     |
+-----------------------+
            A
            | This YANG over NETCONF,
            | RESTCONF or RPC.
            |
            V
+-----------------------+
|   Platform Device     |
|   ,---------------.   |
|  |       NOS       |  |
|   `---------------'   |
|           A           |
|           | CMIS via  |
|           V i2c bus   |
|       +-------+       |
+-------|  DCO  |-------+
        +-------+

Figure 2: Implementation Pattern1 Overview

+-----------------------+
|    Controller/NMS     |
+-----------------------+
            A
            | Generic/abstracted Data Model
            | over NETCONF/RESTCONF or REST API
            +------+
+------------------|----+
| Platform Device  |    |
|                  V    |
| This YANG over ,---.  |
| NETCONF etc.  | TPA | |
|       +-----> | APL | |
|       |        `---'  |
|   ,---V-----------.   |
|  |       NOS       |  |
|   `---------------'   |
|           A           |
|           | CMIS via  |
|           V i2c bus   |
|       +-------+       |
+-------|  DCO  |-------+
        +-------+

Figure 3: Implementation Pattern2 Overview

Appendix C. Deployment Models for Pluggable DCO Management

Several deployment models for the management of pluggable DCO transceivers in packet devices have been discussed in the industry, notably in [I-D.poidt-ccamp-actn-poi-pluggable] and [I-D.davis-ccamp-photonic-plug-control-arch]; a vendor summary of these models is given in [CIENA-MGMT]. In brief:

Option 1:
Dual southbound management of the packet device, with the optical controller having read-only access to the pluggable.
Option 2:
Single southbound management by the IP controller, with the optical controller having no access to the pluggable.
Option 3:
Dual southbound management, with the optical controller having read-write access to the pluggable.

This document does not mandate any of these models. The governance settings of the 'ietf-cmis-control' module allow an operator to select, and mix at page granularity, the effective model: setting 'default-policy' to 'disabled' with empty allowlists corresponds to Option 2; the default 'read-only' policy corresponds to Option 1; and listing selected pages in 'remote-write-allowed-pages' realizes a page-scoped variant of Option 3, bounded by the safeguards described in Section 9.1.

Appendix D. Examples of Custom Page Usage and Impact Analysis

This appendix gives illustrative, vendor-neutral examples of custom-page usage together with an analysis of why exposing them under the governance of this document does not harm host operation. The examples follow the threat model in Section 9.1: they involve only vendor-designated custom pages, never Lower Memory or the firmware management pages, and write access exists only where the operator has explicitly delegated the page.

Example 1 - High-accuracy delay measurement (read-only):
A module exposes the results of a hardware delay measurement function on a vendor custom page. The remote controller periodically reads a few bytes at a fixed offset. The access is read-only, is confined to a vendor-designated region with no host management semantics, and its rate is bounded by the controls in Section 7; a failure of the read affects only the availability of the measurement data.
Example 2 - Physical-layer sensing data retrieval (read-only):
A module collects physical-layer sensing data (e.g., polarization-related metrics usable for fiber sensing, or margin estimation inputs) on custom pages. The remote controller retrieves bounded blocks of this data. As in Example 1, the access is read-only and confined to vendor-designated pages; the host NOS neither interprets nor depends on this data, so no host state is affected.
Example 3 - Measurement function control (read-write):
A vendor function (e.g., starting or stopping the delay measurement of Example 1, or selecting its mode) is controlled through a small number of registers on the same vendor custom page. The operator delegates that page via 'remote-write-allowed-pages'. Writes are confined to the delegated vendor page; registers affecting transmission characteristics or host management are on other pages and remain non-writable. A mis-write can, at worst, disturb the vendor measurement function itself, whose failure modes are confined to that function and do not affect the host's link operation.

These examples are illustrative. Concrete register layouts are vendor specific; a future revision may extend this appendix with additional examples based on implementation experience.

Authors' Addresses

Shunsuke Homma (editor)
NTT
Hitoshi Irino (editor)
NTT West
Toru Mano
NTT
Yuji Tochio
1Finity
Reza Rokui
Ciena
Hideki Nishizawa
NTT