| Internet-Draft | RSA-KEM with CMS KEMRecipientInfo | February 2023 |
| Housley & Turner | Expires 18 August 2023 | [Page] |
The RSA Key Encapsulation Mechanism (RSA-KEM) Algorithm is a one-pass (store-and-forward) cryptographic mechanism for an originator to securely send keying material to a recipient using the recipient's RSA public key. The RSA-KEM Algorithm is specified in Clause 11.5 of ISO/IEC: 18033-2:2006. This document specifies the conventions for using the RSA-KEM Algorithm with the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) using KEMRecipientInfo as specified in draft-housley-lamps-cms-kemri.¶
This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.¶
Status information for this document may be found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-housley-lamps-rfc5990bis/.¶
Discussion of this document takes place on the WG LAMPS mailing list (mailto:spasm@ietf.org), which is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/spasm/.¶
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This Internet-Draft will expire on 18 August 2023.¶
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved.¶
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The RSA Key Encapsulation Mechanism (RSA-KEM) Algorithm is a one-pass (store-and-forward) cryptographic mechanism for an originator to securely send keying material to a recipient using the recipient's RSA public key. The RSA-KEM Algorithm is specified in Clause 11.5 of [ISO18033-2].¶
The RSA-KEM Algorithm takes a different approach than other RSA key transport mechanisms [RFC8017], with the goal of providing higher security assurance. The RSA-KEM Algorithm encrypts a random integer with the recipient's RSA public key, derives a key-encryption key from the random integer, and wraps a symmetric content-encryption key with the key-encryption key. In this way, the originator and the recipient end up with the same content-encryption key. Given a content-encryption key CEK, RSA-KEM can be summarized as:¶
Encrypt the integer z with the recipient's RSA public key:¶
c = z^e mod n
¶
Derive a key-encryption key KEK from the integer z:¶
KEK = KDF(z)
¶
Wrap the CEK with the KEK to obtain wrapped keying material WK:¶
WK = WRAP(KEK, CEK)
¶
This different approach provides higher security assurance for two reasons. First, the input to the underlying RSA operation is effectively a random integer between 0 and n-1, where n is the RSA modulus, so it does not have any structure that could be exploited by an adversary. Second, the input is independent of the keying material so the result of the RSA decryption operation is not directly available to an adversary. As a result, the RSA-KEM Algorithm enjoys a "tight" security proof in the random oracle model. (In other padding schemes, such as PKCS #1 v1.5 [RFC8017], the input has structure and/or depends on the keying material, and the provable security assurances are not as strong.) The approach is also architecturally convenient because the public-key operations are separate from the symmetric operations on the keying material. Another benefit is that the length of the keying material is bounded only by the symmetric key-wrapping algorithm, not the size of the RSA modulus.¶
For completeness, a specification of the RSA-KEM Algorithm is given in Appendix A of this document; ASN.1 syntax is given in Appendix B.¶
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.¶
CMS values are generated using ASN.1 [X.680], which uses the Basic Encoding Rules (BER) and the Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER) [X.690].¶
RFC 5990 [RFC5990] specified the conventions for using the RSA-KEM Algorithm in CMS as a key transport algorithm. That is, it used KeyTransRecipientInfo [RFC5652] for each recipient. This approach resulted in a very complex parameter definition with the id-rsa-kem algorithm identifier. Implementation experience with many different algorithms has shown that complex parameter structures cause interoperability issues. Since the publication of RFC 5990, a new KEMRecipientInfo structure [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-kemri] has been defined to support KEM algorithms, and this new structure avoids the complex parameters structure that was used in RFC 5990. Likewise, when the id-rsa-kem algorithm identifier appears in the SubjectPublicKeyInfo field of a certificate, this document encourages the omission of any parameters.¶
RFC 5990 uses EK and the EncryptedKey, which the concatenation of C and WK (C || WK). The use of EK is necessary to align with the KeyTransRecipientInfo structure. In this document, C and WK are sent in separate fields of new KEMRecipientInfo structure. In particular, C is carried in the kemct field, and WK is carried in the encryptedKey field.¶
RFC 5990 supports the future definition of additional KEM algorithms that use RSA; this document supports only one, and it is identified by the id-kem-rsa object identifier.¶
RFC 5990 includes support for Camellia and Triple-DES block ciphers; discussion of these block ciphers is removed from this document, but the algorithm identifiers remain in the ASN.1 Module Appendix B.2.¶
RFC 5990 includes support for SHA-1 hash function; discussion of this hash function is removed from this document, but the algorithm identifier remains in the ASN.1 module Appendix B.2.¶
RFC 5990 required support for the KDF3 [ANS-X9.44] key-derivation function; this document continues to require support for the KDF3 key-derivation function, but it requires support for SHA-256 [SHS] as the hash function.¶
RFC 5990 recommends support for alternatives to KDF3 and AES-Wrap-128; this document simply states that other key-derivation functions and key-encryption algorithms MAY be supported.¶
RFC 5990 includes an ASN.1 module; this document provides an alternative ASN.1 module that follows the conventions established in [RFC5911], [RFC5912], and [RFC6268]. The new ASN.1 module Appendix B.2 produces the same bits-on-the-wire as the one in RFC 5990.¶
The RSA-KEM Algorithm MAY be employed for one or more recipients in the CMS enveloped-data content type [RFC5652], the CMS authenticated-data content type [RFC5652], or the CMS authenticated-enveloped-data content type [RFC5083]. In each case, the KEMRecipientInfo [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-kemri] is used with with the RSA-KEM Algorithm to securely transfer the content-encryption key from the originator to the recipient.¶
A CMS implementation that supports the RSA-KEM Algorithm MUST support at least the following underlying components:¶
An implementation MAY also support other key-derivation functions and key-encryption algorithms as well.¶
When the RSA-KEM Algorithm is employed for a recipient, the RecipientInfo alternative for that recipient MUST be OtherRecipientInfo using the KEMRecipientInfo structure [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-kemri]. The fields of the KEMRecipientInfo MUST have the following values:¶
version is the syntax version number; it MUST be 0.¶
rid identifies the recipient's certificate or public key.¶
kem identifies the KEM algorithm; it MUST contain id-kem-rsa.¶
kemct is the ciphertext produced for this recipient; it contains C from steps 1 and 2 of Originator's Operations in Appendix A.¶
kdf identifies the key-derivation algorithm.¶
kekLength is the size of the key-encryption key in octets.¶
ukm is an optional random input to the key-derivation function.¶
wrap identifies a key-encryption algorithm used to encrypt the content-encryption key.¶
encryptedKey is the result of encrypting the keying material with the key-encryption key. When used with the CMS enveloped-data content type [RFC5652], the keying material is a content-encryption key. When used with the CMS authenticated-data content type [RFC5652], the keying material is a message-authentication key. When used with the CMS authenticated-enveloped-data content type [RFC5083], the keying material is a content-authenticated-encryption key.¶
The conventions specified in this section augment RFC 5280 [RFC5280].¶
A recipient who employs the RSA-KEM Algorithm MAY identify the public key in a certificate by the same AlgorithmIdentifier as for the PKCS #1 v1.5 algorithm, that is, using the rsaEncryption object identifier [RFC8017]. The fact that the recipient will accept RSA-KEM with this public key is not indicated by the use of this object identifier. The willingness to accept the RSA-KEM Algorithm MAY be signaled by the use of the appropriate SMIME Capabilities either in a message or in the certificate.¶
If the recipient wishes only to employ the RSA-KEM Algorithm with a given public key, the recipient MUST identify the public key in the certificate using the id-rsa-kem object identifier; see Appendix B. When the id-rsa-kem object identifier appears in the SubjectPublicKeyInfo algorithm field of the certificate, the parameters field from AlgorithmIdentifier SHOULD be absent. That is, the AlgorithmIdentifier SHOULD be a SEQUENCE of one component, the id-rsa-kem object identifier.¶
When the AlgorithmIdentifier parameters are present, the GenericHybridParameters MUST be used. As described in the next section, the GenericHybridParameters constrain the values that can be used with the RSA public key for the kdf, kekLength, and wrap fields of the KEMRecipientInfo structure.¶
Regardless of the AlgorithmIdentifier used, the RSA public key MUST be carried in the subjectPublicKey BIT STRING within the SubjectPublicKeyInfo filed of the certificate using the RSAPublicKey type defined in [RFC8017].¶
The intended application for the public key MAY be indicated in the key usage certificate extension as specified in Section 4.2.1.3 of [RFC5280]. If the keyUsage extension is present in a certificate that conveys an RSA public key with the id-rsa-kem object identifier as discussed above, then the key usage extension MUST contain the following value:¶
keyEncipherment¶
The digitalSignatrure and dataEncipherment values SHOULD NOT be present. That is, a public key intended to be employed only with the RSA-KEM Algorithm SHOULD NOT also be employed for data encryption or for digital signatures. Good cryptographic practice employs a given RSA key pair in only one scheme. This practice avoids the risk that vulnerability in one scheme may compromise the security of the other, and may be essential to maintain provable security.¶
Section 2.5.2 of [RFC8551] defines the SMIMECapabilities signed attribute (defined as a SEQUENCE of SMIMECapability SEQUENCEs) to announce a partial list of algorithms that an S/MIME implementation can support. When constructing a CMS signed-data content type [RFC5652], a compliant implementation MAY include the SMIMECapabilities signed attribute announcing that it supports the RSA-KEM Algorithm.¶
The SMIMECapability SEQUENCE representing the RSA-KEM Algorithm MUST include the id-rsa-kem object identifier in the capabilityID field; see Appendix B for the object identifier value, and see Appendix C for examples. When the id-rsa-kem object identifier appears in the capabilityID field and the parameters are present, then the parameters field MUST use the GenericHybridParameters type.¶
GenericHybridParameters ::= SEQUENCE {
kem KeyEncapsulationMechanism,
dem DataEncapsulationMechanism }
¶
The fields of the GenericHybridParameters type have the following meanings:¶
kem is an AlgorithmIdentifer; the algorithm field MUST be set to id-kem-rsa; the parameters field MUST be RsaKemParameters, which is a SEQUENCE of an AlgorithmIdentifier that identifies the supported key-derivation function and a positive INTEGER that identifies the length of the key-encryption key in octets. If the GenericHybridParameters are present, then the provided kem value MUST be used as the key-derivation function in the kdf field of KEMRecipientInfo, and the provided key length MUST be used in the kekLength of KEMRecipientInfo.¶
dem is an AlgorithmIdentifier; the algorithm field MUST be present, and it identifies the key-encryption algorithm; parameters are optional. If the GenericHybridParameters are present, then the provided dem value MUST be used in the wrap field of KEMRecipientInfo.¶
The RSA-KEM Algorithm should be considered as a replacement for the widely implemented PKCS #1 v1.5 [RFC8017] for new applications that use CMS to avoid potential vulnerabilities to chosen-ciphertext attacks and gain a tighter security proof; however, the RSA-KEM Algorithm has the disadvantage of slightly longer encrypted keying material.¶
The security of the RSA-KEM Algorithm can be shown to be tightly related to the difficulty of either solving the RSA problem or breaking the underlying symmetric key-encryption algorithm, if the underlying key-derivation function is modeled as a random oracle, and assuming that the symmetric key-encryption algorithm satisfies the properties of a data encapsulation mechanism [SHOUP]. While in practice a random-oracle result does not provide an actual security proof for any particular key-derivation function, the result does provide assurance that the general construction is reasonable; a key-derivation function would need to be particularly weak to lead to an attack that is not possible in the random-oracle model.¶
The RSA key size and the underlying components need to be selected consistent with the desired security level. Several security levels have been identified in the NIST SP 800-57 Part 1 [NISTSP800-57pt1r5]. To achieve 128-bit security, the RSA key size SHOULD be at least 3072 bits, the key-derivation function SHOULD make use of SHA-256, and the symmetric key-encryption algorithm SHOULD be AES Key Wrap with a 128-bit key.¶
Implementations MUST protect the RSA private key, the key-encryption key, the content-encryption key, the content-authenticated-encryption key. Compromise of the RSA private key could result in the disclosure of all messages protected with that key. Compromise of the key-encryption key, the content-encryption key, or content-authenticated-encryption key could result in disclosure of the associated encrypted content.¶
Additional considerations related to key management may be found in [NISTSP800-57pt1r5].¶
The security of the RSA-KEM Algorithm also depends on the strength of the random number generator, which SHOULD have a comparable security level. For further discussion on random number generation, see [RFC4086].¶
Implementations SHOULD NOT reveal information about intermediate values or calculations, whether by timing or other "side channels", otherwise an opponent may be able to determine information about the keying data and/or the recipient's private key. Although not all intermediate information may be useful to an opponent, it is preferable to conceal as much information as is practical, unless analysis specifically indicates that the information would not be useful to an opponent.¶
Generally, good cryptographic practice employs a given RSA key pair in only one scheme. This practice avoids the risk that vulnerability in one scheme may compromise the security of the other, and may be essential to maintain provable security. While RSA public keys have often been employed for multiple purposes such as key transport and digital signature without any known bad interactions, for increased security assurance, such combined use of an RSA key pair is NOT RECOMMENDED in the future (unless the different schemes are specifically designed to be used together).¶
Accordingly, an RSA key pair used for the RSA-KEM Algorithm SHOULD NOT also be used for digital signatures. Indeed, the Accredited Standards Committee X9 (ASC X9) requires such a separation between key pairs used for key establishment and key pairs used for digital signature [ANS-X9.44]. Continuing this principle of key separation, a key pair used for the RSA-KEM Algorithm SHOULD NOT be used with other key establishment schemes, or for data encryption, or with more than one set of underlying algorithm components.¶
Parties MAY gain assurance that implementations are correct through formal implementation validation, such as the NIST Cryptographic Module Validation Program (CMVP) [CMVP].¶
For the ASN.1 Module in Appendix B.2, IANA is requested to assign an object identifier (OID) for the module identifier. The OID for the module should be allocated in the "SMI Security for S/MIME Module Identifier" registry (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.0).¶
The RSA-KEM Algorithm is a one-pass (store-and-forward) cryptographic mechanism for an originator to securely send keying material to a recipient using the recipient's RSA public key.¶
With this type of algorithm, an originator encrypts the keying material using the recipient's public key, and then sends the resulting encrypted keying material to the recipient. The recipient decrypts the encrypted keying material using the recipient's private key to recover the keying material.¶
The RSA-KEM Algorithm has the following underlying components:¶
The kekLen value denotes the length in bytes of the key-encryption key for the underlying symmetric key-encryption algorithm.¶
The length of the keying material MUST be among the lengths supported by the underlying symmetric key-encryption algorithm. For example, the AES-Wrap key-encryption algorithm requires the kekLen to be 16, 24, or 32 octets. Usage and formatting of the keying material is outside the scope of the RSA-KEM Algorithm.¶
Many key-derivation functions support the inclusion of other information in addition to the shared secret value in the input to the function. Also, with some symmetric key-encryption algorithms, it is possible to associate a label with the keying material. Such uses are outside the scope of this document, as they are not directly supported by CMS.¶
Let (n,e) be the recipient's RSA public key; see [RFC8017] for details.¶
Let K be the keying material to be securely transferred from the originator to the recipient.¶
Let nLen denote the length in bytes of the modulus n, i.e., the least integer such that 2^(8*nLen) > n.¶
The originator performs the following operations:¶
Generate a random integer z between 0 and n-1 (see note), and convert z to a byte string Z of length nLen, most significant byte first:¶
z = RandomInteger (0, n-1)
Z = IntegerToString (z, nLen)
¶
Encrypt the random integer z using the recipient's RSA public key (n,e), and convert the resulting integer c to a ciphertext C, a byte string of length nLen:¶
c = z^e mod n
C = IntegerToString (c, nLen)
¶
Derive a symmetric key-encryption key KEK of length kekLen bytes from the byte string Z using the underlying key-derivation function:¶
KEK = KDF (Z, kekLen)
¶
Wrap the keying material K with the symmetric key-encryption key KEK using the key-encryption algorithm to obtain wrapped keying material WK:¶
WK = Wrap (KEK, K)
¶
NOTE: The random integer z MUST be generated independently at random for different encryption operations, whether for the same or different recipients.¶
Let (n,d) be the recipient's RSA private key; see [RFC8017] for details, but other private key formats are allowed.¶
Let WK be the encrypted keying material.¶
Let C be the ciphertext.¶
Let nLen denote the length in bytes of the modulus n.¶
The recipient performs the following operations:¶
Convert the ciphertext C to an integer c, most significant byte first. Decrypt the integer c using the recipient's private key (n,d) to recover an integer z (see NOTE below):¶
c = StringToInteger (C)
z = c^d mod n
¶
If the integer c is not between 0 and n-1, output "decryption error", and stop.¶
Convert the integer z to a byte string Z of length nLen, most significant byte first (see NOTE below):¶
Z = IntegerToString (z, nLen)
¶
Derive a symmetric key-encryption key KEK of length kekLen bytes from the byte string Z using the key-derivation function (see NOTE below):¶
KEK = KDF (Z, kekLen)
¶
Unwrap the wrapped keying material WK with the symmetric key-encryption key KEK using the underlying key-encryption algorithm to recover the keying material K:¶
K = Unwrap (KEK, WK)
¶
If the unwrapping operation outputs an error, output "decryption error", and stop.¶
NOTE: Implementations SHOULD NOT reveal information about the integer z, the string Z, or about the calculation of the exponentiation in Step 2, the conversion in Step 3, or the key derivation in Step 4, whether by timing or other "side channels". The observable behavior of the implementation SHOULD be the same at these steps for all ciphertexts C that are in range. For example, IntegerToString conversion should take the same amount of time regardless of the actual value of the integer z. The integer z, the string Z, and other intermediate results MUST be securely deleted when they are no longer needed.¶
The ASN.1 syntax for identifying the RSA-KEM Algorithm is an extension of the syntax for the "generic hybrid cipher" in ANS X9.44 [ANS-X9.44].¶
The ASN.1 Module is unchanged from RFC 5990. The id-rsa-kem object identifier is used in a backward compatible manner in certificates [RFC5280] and SMIMECapabilities [RFC8551]. Of course, the use of the id-kem-rsa object identifier in the new KEMRecipientInfo structure [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-kemri] was not yet defined at the time that RFC 5990 was written.¶
Implementations that conform to this specification MUST support the KDF3 [ANS-X9.44] key-derivation function using SHA-256 [SHS].¶
The object identifier for KDF3 is:¶
id-kdf-kdf3 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { x9-44-components kdf3(2) }
¶
The KDF3 parameters identify the underlying hash function. For alignment with the ANS X9.44, the hash function MUST be an ASC X9-approved hash function. While the SHA-1 hash algorithm is included in the ASN.1 definitions, SHA-1 MUST NOT be used. SHA-1 is considered to be obsolete; see [RFC6194]. SHA-1 remains in the ASN.1 module for compatibility with RFC 5990. In addition, other hash functions MAY be used with CMS.¶
kda-kdf3 KEY-DERIVATION ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-kdf-kdf3
PARAMS TYPE KDF3-HashFunction ARE required
-- No S/MIME caps defined -- }
KDF3-HashFunction ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { DIGEST-ALGORITHM, {KDF3-HashFunctions} }
KDF3-HashFunctions DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= { X9-HashFunctions, ... }
X9-HashFunctions DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= {
mda-sha1 | mda-sha224 ! mda-sha256 ! mda-sha384 |
mda-sha512, ... }
¶
Implementations that conform to this specification MUST support the AES Key Wrap [RFC3394] key-encryption algorithm with a 128-bit key. There are three object identifiers for the AES Key Wrap, one for each permitted size of the key-encryption key. There are three object identifiers imported from [RFC5912], and none of these algorithm identifiers have associated parameters:¶
kwa-aes128-wrap KEY-WRAP ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-aes128-wrap
PARAMS ARE absent
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-aes128-wrap } }
kwa-aes192-wrap KEY-WRAP ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-aes192-wrap
PARAMS ARE absent
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-aes192-wrap } }
kwa-aes256-wrap KEY-WRAP ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-aes256-wrap
PARAMS ARE absent
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-aes256-wrap } }
¶
RFC EDITOR: Please replace TBD2 with the value assigned by IANA during the publication of [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-kemri].¶
<CODE BEGINS>
CMS-RSA-KEM-2023
{ iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1)
pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0) cms-rsa-kem-2023(TBD1) }
DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
-- EXPORTS ALL
IMPORTS
KEM-ALGORITHM
FROM KEMAlgorithmInformation-2023 -- [I-D.housley-lamps-cms-kemri]
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-kemAlgorithmInformation-2023(TBD3) }
AlgorithmIdentifier{}, PUBLIC-KEY, DIGEST-ALGORITHM,
KEY-DERIVATION, KEY-WRAP
FROM AlgorithmInformation-2009 -- [RFC5912]
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-algorithmInformation-02(58) }
kwa-aes128-wrap, kwa-aes192-wrap, kwa-aes256-wrap
FROM CMSAesRsaesOaep-2009 -- [RFC5911]
{ iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
pkcs(1) pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0)
id-mod-cms-aes-02(38) }
kwa-3DESWrap
FROM CryptographicMessageSyntaxAlgorithms-2009 -- [RFC5911]
{ iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
pkcs(1) pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0)
id-mod-cmsalg-2001-02(37) }
id-camellia128-wrap, id-camellia192-wrap, id-camellia256-wrap
FROM CamelliaEncryptionAlgorithmInCMS -- [RFC3657]
{ iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
pkcs(1) pkcs9(9) smime(16) modules(0)
id-mod-cms-camellia(23) }
mda-sha1, pk-rsa, RSAPublicKey
FROM PKIXAlgs-2009 -- [RFC5912]
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-pkix1-algorithms2008-02(56) }
mda-sha224, mda-sha256, mda-sha384, mda-sha512
FROM PKIX1-PSS-OAEP-Algorithms-2009 -- [RFC5912]
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0)
id-mod-pkix1-rsa-pkalgs-02(54) } ;
-- Useful types and definitions
OID ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER -- alias
NullParms ::= NULL
-- ISO/IEC 18033-2 arc
is18033-2 OID ::= { iso(1) standard(0) is18033(18033) part2(2) }
-- NIST algorithm arc
nistAlgorithm OID ::= { joint-iso-itu-t(2) country(16) us(840)
organization(1) gov(101) csor(3) nistAlgorithm(4) }
-- PKCS #1 arc
pkcs-1 OID ::= { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
pkcs(1) pkcs-1(1) }
-- X9.44 arc
x9-44 OID ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3) tc68(133)
country(16) x9(840) x9Standards(9) x9-44(44) }
x9-44-components OID ::= { x9-44 components(1) }
-- RSA-KEM Algorithm
id-rsa-kem OID ::= { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
pkcs(1) pkcs-9(9) smime(16) alg(3) 14 }
GenericHybridParameters ::= SEQUENCE {
kem KeyEncapsulationMechanism,
dem DataEncapsulationMechanism }
KeyEncapsulationMechanism ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { KEM-ALGORITHM, {KEMAlgorithms} }
KEMAlgorithms KEM-ALGORITHM ::= { kema-kem-rsa, ... }
kema-kem-rsa KEM-ALGORITHM ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-kem-rsa
PARAMS TYPE RsaKemParameters ARE optional
PUBLIC-KEYS { pk-rsa | pk-rsa-kem }
UKM ARE optional
SMIME-CAPS { TYPE GenericHybridParameters
IDENTIFIED BY id-rsa-kem } }
id-kem-rsa OID ::= { is18033-2 key-encapsulation-mechanism(2)
rsa(4) }
RsaKemParameters ::= SEQUENCE {
keyDerivationFunction KeyDerivationFunction,
keyLength KeyLength }
pk-rsa-kem PUBLIC-KEY ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-rsa-kem
KEY RSAPublicKey
PARAMS TYPE GenericHybridParameters ARE preferredAbsent
-- Private key format is not specified here --
CERT-KEY-USAGE {keyEncipherment} }
KeyDerivationFunction ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { KEY-DERIVATION, {KDFAlgorithms} }
KDFAlgorithms KEY-DERIVATION ::= { kda-kdf2 | kda-kdf3, ... }
KeyLength ::= INTEGER (1..MAX)
DataEncapsulationMechanism ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { KEY-WRAP, {DEMAlgorithms} }
DEMAlgorithms KEY-WRAP ::= {
X9-SymmetricKeyWrappingSchemes |
Camellia-KeyWrappingSchemes, ... }
X9-SymmetricKeyWrappingSchemes KEY-WRAP ::= {
kwa-aes128-wrap | kwa-aes192-wrap | kwa-aes256-wrap |
kwa-3DESWrap, ... }
X9-SymmetricKeyWrappingScheme ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { KEY-WRAP, {X9-SymmetricKeyWrappingSchemes} }
Camellia-KeyWrappingSchemes KEY-WRAP ::= {
kwa-camellia128-wrap | kwa-camellia192-wrap |
kwa-camellia256-wrap, ... }
Camellia-KeyWrappingScheme ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { KEY-WRAP, {Camellia-KeyWrappingSchemes} }
kwa-camellia128-wrap KEY-WRAP ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-camellia128-wrap
PARAMS ARE absent
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-camellia128-wrap } }
kwa-camellia192-wrap KEY-WRAP ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-camellia192-wrap
PARAMS ARE absent
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-camellia192-wrap } }
kwa-camellia256-wrap KEY-WRAP ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-camellia256-wrap
PARAMS ARE absent
SMIME-CAPS { IDENTIFIED BY id-camellia256-wrap } }
-- Key Derivation Functions
id-kdf-kdf2 OID ::= { x9-44-components kdf2(1) }
kda-kdf2 KEY-DERIVATION ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-kdf-kdf2
PARAMS TYPE KDF2-HashFunction ARE required
-- No S/MIME caps defined -- }
KDF2-HashFunction ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { DIGEST-ALGORITHM, {KDF2-HashFunctions} }
KDF2-HashFunctions DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= { X9-HashFunctions, ... }
id-kdf-kdf3 OID ::= { x9-44-components kdf3(2) }
kda-kdf3 KEY-DERIVATION ::= {
IDENTIFIER id-kdf-kdf3
PARAMS TYPE KDF3-HashFunction ARE required
-- No S/MIME caps defined -- }
KDF3-HashFunction ::=
AlgorithmIdentifier { DIGEST-ALGORITHM, {KDF3-HashFunctions} }
KDF3-HashFunctions DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= { X9-HashFunctions, ... }
-- Hash Functions
X9-HashFunctions DIGEST-ALGORITHM ::= {
mda-sha1 | mda-sha224 | mda-sha256 | mda-sha384 |
mda-sha512, ... }
END
<CODE ENDS>¶
To indicate support for the RSA-KEM algorithm coupled with the KDF3 key-derivation function with SHA-256 and the AES Key Wrap symmetric key-encryption algorithm 128-bit key-encryption key, the SMIMECapabilities will include the following entry:¶
SEQUENCE {
id-rsa-kem, -- RSA-KEM Algorithm
SEQUENCE { -- GenericHybridParameters
SEQUENCE { -- key encapsulation mechanism
id-kem-rsa, -- RSA-KEM
SEQUENCE { -- RsaKemParameters
SEQUENCE { -- key derivation function
id-kdf-kdf3, -- KDF3
SEQUENCE { -- KDF3-HashFunction
id-sha256 -- SHA-256; no parameters (preferred)
},
16 -- KEK length in bytes
},
SEQUENCE { -- data encapsulation mechanism
id-aes128-Wrap -- AES-128 Wrap; no parameters
}
}
}
¶
This SMIMECapability value has the following DER encoding (in hexadecimal):¶
30 47
06 0b 2a 86 48 86 f7 0d 01 09 10 03 0e -- id-rsa-kem
30 38
30 29
06 07 28 81 8c 71 02 02 04 -- id-kem-rsa
30 1e
30 19
06 0a 2b 81 05 10 86 48 09 2c 01 02 -- id-kdf-kdf3
30 0b
06 09 60 86 48 01 65 03 04 02 01 -- id-sha256
02 01 10 -- 16 bytes
30 0b
06 09 60 86 48 01 65 03 04 01 05 -- id-aes128-Wrap
¶
To indicate support for the RSA-KEM algorithm coupled with the KDF3 key-derivation function with SHA-384 and the AES Key Wrap symmetric key-encryption algorithm 192-bit key-encryption key, the SMIMECapabilities will include the following SMIMECapability value (in hexadecimal):¶
30 47 06 0b 2a 86 48 86 f7 0d 01 09 10 03 0e 30 38 30 29 06 07 28 81 8c 71 02 02 04 30 1e 30 19 06 0a 2b 81 05 10 86 48 09 2c 01 02 30 0b 06 09 60 86 48 01 65 03 04 02 02 02 01 18 30 0b 06 09 60 86 48 01 65 03 04 01 19¶
To indicate support for the RSA-KEM algorithm coupled with the KDF3 key-derivation function with SHA-512 and the AES Key Wrap symmetric key-encryption algorithm 256-bit key-encryption key, the SMIMECapabilities will include the following SMIMECapability value (in hexadecimal):¶
30 47 06 0b 2a 86 48 86 f7 0d 01 09 10 03 0e 30 38 30 29 06 07 28 81 8c 71 02 02 04 30 1e 30 19 06 0a 2b 81 05 10 86 48 09 2c 01 02 30 0b 06 09 60 86 48 01 65 03 04 02 03 02 01 20 30 0b 06 09 60 86 48 01 65 03 04 01 2d¶
We thank James Randall, Burt Kaliski, and John Brainard as the original authors of RFC 5990; this document is based on their work.¶
We thank the members of the ASC X9F1 working group for their contributions to drafts of ANS X9.44, which led to RFC 5990.¶
We thank Blake Ramsdell, Jim Schaad, Magnus Nystrom, Bob Griffin, and John Linn for helping bring RFC 5990 to fruition.¶