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Audio/Video Transport WorkingG. Hunt
GroupBT
Internet-DraftA. Clark
Intended status: Standards TrackTelchemy
Expires: April 30, 2009October 27, 2008


RTCP XR Report Block for Loss Concealment metric Reporting
draft-ietf-avt-rtcp-xr-loss-conceal-00.txt

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Abstract

This document defines an RTCP XR Report Block that allows the reporting of Loss Concealment metrics primarily for audio applications of RTP.



Table of Contents

1.  Introduction
    1.1.  Loss Concealment Report Block
    1.2.  RTCP and RTCP XR Reports
    1.3.  Performance Metrics Framework
    1.4.  Applicability
2.  Loss Concealment Block
    2.1.  Report Block Structure
    2.2.  Definition of Fields in Loss Concealment Report Block
3.  SDP Signaling
4.  IANA Considerations
5.  Security Considerations
6.  Contributors
7.  References
    7.1.  Normative References
    7.2.  Informative References
§  Authors' Addresses
§  Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements




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1.  Introduction



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1.1.  Loss Concealment Report Block

This draft defines a new block type to augment those defined in [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.), for use in a range of RTP applications.

At any instant, the audio output at a receiver may be classified as either 'normal' or 'concealed'. 'Normal' refers to playout of audio payload received from the remote end, and also includes locally generated signals such as announcements, tones and comfort noise. Concealment refers to playout of locally-generated signals used to mask the impact of network impairments or to reduce the audibility of jitter buffer adaptations.

The new block type provides metrics for actions taken by the receiver to mitigate the effect of packet loss and packet discard. Specifically, the first metric (On-Time Playout Duration) reports the duration of normal playout of data which the receiver obtained from the sender's stream. A second metric (Loss Concealment Duration) reports the total time during which the receiver played out media data which was manufactured locally, because the sender's data for these periods was not available due to packet loss. A similar metric (Buffer Adjustment Concealment Duration) reports the duration of playout of locally-manufactured data replacing data which is unavailable due to adaptation of an adaptive de-jitter buffer. Further metrics (Playout Interrupt Count and Mean Playout Interrupt Size) report the number of times normal playout was interrupted, and the mean duration of these interruptions.

Loss Concealment Duration and Buffer Adjustment Concealment Duration are reported separately because buffer adjustment is typically arranged to occur in silence periods so may have very little impact on user experience, whilst loss concealment may occur at any time.

The metric belongs to the class of transport-related terminal metrics defined in [MONARCH] (work in progress).

Instances of this Metrics Block refer by tag to the separate auxiliary Measurement Identity block [MEASIDENT] (Hunt, G., “RTCP XR Measurement Identifier Block,” August 2008.) which contains information such as the SSRC of the measured stream, and RTP sequence numbers and time intervals indicating the span of the report.



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1.2.  RTCP and RTCP XR Reports

The use of RTCP for reporting is defined in [RFC3550] (Schulzrinne, H., “RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications,” July 2003.). [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.) defined an extensible structure for reporting using an RTCP Extended Report (XR). This draft defines a new Extended Report block that MUST be used as defined in [RFC3550] (Schulzrinne, H., “RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications,” July 2003.) and [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.).



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1.3.  Performance Metrics Framework

The Performance Metrics Framework [PMOLFRAME] (Clark, A., “Framework for Performance Metric Development,” July 2008.) provides guidance on the definition and specification of performance metrics. Metrics described in this draft either reference external definitions or define metrics generally in accordance with the guidelines in [PMOLFRAME] (Clark, A., “Framework for Performance Metric Development,” July 2008.).



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1.4.  Applicability

This metric is primarily applicable to audio applications of RTP. EDITOR'S NOTE: are there metrics for concealment of transport errors for video?



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2.  Loss Concealment Block



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2.1.  Report Block Structure



   Loss Concealment metrics block
    0               1               2               3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    BT=NLC     |I| tag |plc|rsv|       block length=4          |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                 On-time Playout Duration                      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                  Loss Concealment Duration                    |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |              Buffer Adjustment Concealment Duration           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |    Playout Interrupt Count    |  Mean Playout Interrupt Size  |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
 Figure 1: Report Block Structure 



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2.2.  Definition of Fields in Loss Concealment Report Block

block type (BT): 8 bits

A Loss Concealment Metrics Report Block is identified by the constant NLC.

[Note to RFC Editor: please replace NLC with the IANA provided RTCP XR block type for this block.]

Interval Metric flag (I): 1 bit

This field is used to indicate whether the Loss Concealment metric block is an Interval or a Cumulative report, that is, whether the reported values apply to the most recent measurement interval duration between successive metrics reports (I=1) (the Interval Duration) or to the accumulation period characteristic of cumulative measurements (I=0) (the Cumulative Duration). Numerical values for both these intervals are provided in the Measurement Identifier block referenced by the tag field below.

Measurement Identifier association (tag): 3 bits

This field is used to identify the Measurement Identifier block [MEASIDENT] (Hunt, G., “RTCP XR Measurement Identifier Block,” August 2008.) which describes this measurement. The relevant Measurement Identifier block has the same tag value as the Loss Concealment Metrics block. Note that there may be more than one Measurement Identifier block per RTCP packet.

Packet Loss Concealment Method (plc): 2 bits

This field is used to identify the packet loss concealment method in use at the receiver, according to the following code:

        bits 014-015
              0 = silence insertion
              1 = simple replay, no attenuation
              2 = simple replay, with attenuation
              3 = enhanced

Reserved (rsv): 2 bits

These bits are reserved. They SHOULD be set to zero by senders and MUST be ignored by receivers.

block length: 16 bits

The length of this report block in 32-bit words, minus one. For the Loss Concealment Metrics block, the block length is equal to 4.

On-time Playout Duration (ms): 32 bits

'On-time' playout is the uninterrupted, in-sequence playout of valid decoded audio information originating from the remote endpoint. This includes comfort noise during periods of remote talker silence, if VAD is used, and locally generated or regenerated tones and announcements.

An equivalent definition is that on-time playout is playout of any signal other than those used for concealment.

On-time playout duration MUST include both speech and silence intervals, whether VAD is used or not. This duration is reported in millisecond units.

If the measured value exceeds 0xFFFFFFFD, the value 0xFFFFFFFE SHOULD be reported to indicate an over-range measurement. If the measurement is unavailable, the value 0xFFFFFFFF SHOULD be reported.

Loss Concealment Duration (ms): 32 bits

The duration, in milliseconds, of audio playout corresponding to Loss-type concealment.

Loss-type concealment is reactive insertion or deletion of samples in the audio playout stream due to effective frame loss at the audio decoder. "Effective frame loss" is the event in which a frame of coded audio is simply not present at the audio decoder when required. In this case, substitute audio samples are generally formed, at the decoder or elsewhere, to reduce audible impairment.

If the measured value exceeds 0xFFFFFFFD, the value 0xFFFFFFFE SHOULD be reported to indicate an over-range measurement. If the measurement is unavailable, the value 0xFFFFFFFF SHOULD be reported.

Buffer Adjustment Concealment Duration (ms): 32 bits

The duration, in milliseconds, of audio playout corresponding to Buffer Adjustment-type concealment, if known.

If the measured value exceeds 0xFFFFFFFD, the value 0xFFFFFFFE SHOULD be reported to indicate an over-range measurement. If the measurement is unavailable, the value 0xFFFFFFFF SHOULD be reported.

Buffer Adjustment-type concealment is proactive or controlled insertion or deletion of samples in the audio playout stream due to jitter buffer adaptation, re-sizing or re-centering decisions within the endpoint.

Because this insertion is controlled, rather than occurring randomly in response to losses, it is typically less audible than loss-type concealment. For example, jitter buffer adaptation events may be constrained to occur during periods of talker silence, in which case only silence duration is affected, or sophisticated time-stretching methods for insertion/deletion during favorable periods in active speech may be employed.

Concealment events which cannot be classified as Buffer Adjustment- type MUST be classified as Loss-type.

Playout Interrupt Count: 16 bits

The number of interruptions to normal playout which occurred during the reporting period.

If the measured value exceeds 0xFFFD, the value 0xFFFE SHOULD be reported to indicate an over-range measurement. If the measurement is unavailable, the value 0xFFFF SHOULD be reported.

Mean Playout Interrupt Size (ms): 16 bits

The mean duration, in ms, of interruptions to normal playout which occurred during the reporting period.

If the measured value exceeds 0xFFFD, the value 0xFFFE SHOULD be reported to indicate an over-range measurement. If the measurement is unavailable, the value 0xFFFF SHOULD be reported.



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3.  SDP Signaling

[RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.) defines the use of SDP (Session Description Protocol) [RFC4566] (Handley, M., “SDP: Session Description Protocol,” July 2006.) for signaling the use of XR blocks. XR blocks MAY be used without prior signaling.

This section augments the SDP [RFC4566] (Handley, M., “SDP: Session Description Protocol,” July 2006.) attribute "rtcp-xr" defined in [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.) by providing an additional value of "xr-format" to signal the use of the report block defined in this document.

rtcp-xr-attrib = "a=" "rtcp-xr" ":" [xr-format *(SP xr-format)] CRLF

(defined in [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.))

xr-format = xr-format / xr-conceal-block

xr-bgld-block = "xr-conceal"



 TOC 

4.  IANA Considerations

This document creates a new block type within the IANA "RTCP XR Block Type Registry" called the Loss Concealment Metrics Block, and a new parameter xr-conceal within the "RTCP XR SDP Parameters Registry".



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5.  Security Considerations

It is believed that this proposed RTCP XR report block introduces no new security considerations beyond those described in [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.). This block does not provide per-packet statistics so the risk to confidentiality documented in Section 7, paragraph 3 of [RFC3611] (Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” November 2003.) does not apply.



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6.  Contributors

The authors gratefully acknowledge the comments and contributions made by Bruce Adams, Philip Arden, Amit Arora, Bob Biskner, Kevin Connor, Claus Dahm, Randy Ethier, Roni Even, Jim Frauenthal, Albert Higashi, Tom Hock, Shane Holthaus, Paul Jones, Rajesh Kumar, Keith Lantz, Mohamed Mostafa, Amy Pendleton, Colin Perkins, Mike Ramalho, Ravi Raviraj, Albrecht Schwarz, Tom Taylor, and Hideaki Yamada.



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7.  References



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7.1. Normative References

[MEASIDENT] Hunt, G., “RTCP XR Measurement Identifier Block,” ID draft-ietf-avt-rtcp-xr-measid-00, August 2008.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., “Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels,” RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997.
[RFC3550] Schulzrinne, H., “RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications,” RFC 3550, July 2003.
[RFC3611] Friedman, T., “RTP Control Protocol Extended Reports (RTCP XR),” RFC 3611, November 2003.
[RFC4566] Handley, M., “SDP: Session Description Protocol,” RFC 4566, July 2006.


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7.2. Informative References

[MONARCH] Hunt, G., “Monitoring Architectures for RTP,” ID draft-hunt-avt-monarch-01, August 2008.
[PMOLFRAME] Clark, A., “Framework for Performance Metric Development,” ID draft-ietf-pmol-metrics-framework-00, July 2008.


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Authors' Addresses

  Geoff Hunt
  BT
  Orion 1 PP9
  Adastral Park
  Martlesham Heath
  Ipswich, Suffolk IP4 2TH
  United Kingdom
Phone:  +44 1473 608325
Email:  geoff.hunt@bt.com
  
  Alan Clark
  Telchemy Incorporated
  2905 Premiere Parkway, Suite 280
  Duluth, GA 30097
  USA
Email:  alan.d.clark@telchemy.com


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Full Copyright Statement

Intellectual Property