Network WG James Polk Internet-Draft Subha Dhesikan Expires: Sept 12, 2012 Paul Jones Intended Status: Standards Track (PS) Cisco Systems March 12, 2012 The Session Description Protocol (SDP) 'trafficclass' Attribute draft-ietf-mmusic-traffic-class-for-sdp-01 Abstract This document proposes a new Session Description Protocol (SDP) attribute to identify the traffic class a session is requesting in its offer/answer exchange. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on September 12, 2012. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 1] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Traffic Class Framework and String Definitions . . . . . . . 5 3. Traffic Class Attribute Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4. Offer/Answer Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.1 Offer Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.2 Answer Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5. Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6. IANA considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 7. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 1. Introduction The Session Description Protocol (SDP) [RFC4566] provides a means for an offerer to describe the specifics of a session to an answerer, and for the answerer to respond back with its session specifics to the offerer. These session specifics include offering the codec or codecs to choose from, the specific IP address and port number the offerer wants to receive the RTP stream(s) on/at, the particulars about the codecs the offerer wants considered or mandated, and so on. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 2] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 There are many facets within SDP to determine the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) [RFC3550] details for the session establishment between one or more endpoints, but identifying how the underlying network should process each stream still remains under-specified. The ability to identify a traffic flow by port number gives an indication to underlying network elements to treat traffic with dissimilar ports in a different way, the same or in groups the same - but different from other ports or groups of ports. Within the context of realtime communications, the labeling of an RTP session based on media descriptor lines as just a voice and/or video session is insufficient, and provides no guidelines to the underlying network on how to treat the traffic. A more granular labeling helps on several fronts to - inform application layer elements in the signaling path the intent of this session. - inform the network on how to treat the traffic if the network is configured to differentiate session treatments based on the type of session the RTP is, including the ability to provide call admission control based on the type of traffic in the network. - allow network monitoring/management of traffic types realtime and after-the-fact analysis. Some network operators want the ability to guarantee certain traffic gets a minimum amount of network bandwidth per link or through a series of links that perhaps makes up a network such as a campus or WAN, or a backbone. For example, a call center voice application gets at least 20% of a link as a minimum bandwidth allocation. Some network operators want the ability to allow certain users or devices access to greater bandwidth during non-busy hours, than during busy hours of the day. For example, all desktop video to operate at 1080p during non-peak times, but curtail a similar session between the same users or devices to 720p or 360p during peak hours. Another example would be to reduce the frames per second (fps) rate, say from 30fps to 15fps. This case is not as clear as accepting or denying similar sessions during different times of the day, but tuning the access to the bandwidth based on the type of session. In other words, tune down the bandwidth for desktop video during peak hours to allow a 3-screen telepresense session that would otherwise look like the same type of traffic (RTP, and more granular, video). RFC 4594 established a guideline for classifying the various flows in the network and the Differentiated Services Codepoints (DSCP) that apply to many traffic types (table 3 of [RFC4594]), including RTP based voice and video traffic sessions. The RFC also defines the Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 3] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 per hop network behavior that is strongly encouraged for each of these application traffic types based on the traffic characteristics and tolerances to delay, loss and jitter within each traffic class. Video was broken down into 4 categories in that RFC, and voice into another single category. We do not believe this satisfies the technical and business requirements to accomplish sufficiently unique labeling of RTP traffic. A question arises about once we properly label the traffic, what does that get us? This is a fair question, but out of scope for this document because that answer lies within other RFCs and IDs in other WGs and/or Areas (specifically the Transport Area). That said, we can discuss some of the ideas here for completeness. If the application becomes aware of traffic labeling, - this can be coded into layer 3 mechanisms. - this can be coded into layer 4 protocols and/or mechanisms. - this can be coded into a combination of mechanisms and protocols. The layer 3 mechanism for differentiating traffic is either the port number or the Differentiated Services Codepoint (DSCP) value [RFC2474]. Within the public Internet, if the application is not part of a managed service, the DSCP likely will be best effort (BE). Within the corporate LAN, this is usually completely configurable and a local IT department can take full advantage of this labeling to shape and manage their network as they see fit. Communications between enterprise networks will likely have to take advantage of MPLS. Within a network core, where only MPLS is used, Diffserv typically does not apply. That said, Diffserv can be used to identify which traffic goes into which MPLS tunnels [RFC4124]. Labeling realtime traffic types using a layer 4 protocol would likely mean RSVP [RFC2205] or NSIS [RFC4080]. RSVP has an Application Identifier (app-ID) defined in [RFC2872] that provides a means for carrying a traffic class label along the media path. An advantage with this mechanism is for the label to inform each domain along the media path what type of traffic this traffic flow is, and allow each domain to adjust the appropriate DSCP (set by each domain for use within that domain). Meaning, if a DSCP is set by an endpoint or a router in the first domain and gets reset by a SP, the far end domain will be able to reset the DSCP to the intended traffic class. There is a proposed extension to RSVP which creates individual profiles for what goes into each app-ID field to describe these traffic classes [ID-RSVP-PROF], which will take advantage of what is described in this document. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 4] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 There are several proprietary mechanisms to take advantage of this labeling, but none of those will be discussed here. The idea of traffic - or service - identification is not new; it has been described in [RFC5897]. If that RFC is used as a guideline, identification that leads to stream differentiation can be quite useful. One of the points within RFC 5897 is that users cannot be allowed to assign any identification (fraud is but one reason given). In addition, RFC 5897 recommends that service identification should be done in signaling, rather than guessing or deep packet inspection. The network will have to currently guess or perform deep packet inspection to classify and offer the service as per RFC 4594 since such service identification information is currently not available in SDP and therefore to the network elements. Since SDP understands how each stream is created (i.e., the particulars of the RTP stream), this is the right place to have this service differentiated. Such service differentiation can then be communicated to and leveraged by the network. [Editor's Note: the words "traffic" and "service" are similar enough that the above paragraph talks about RFC 5897's "service identification", but this document is only wanting to discuss and propose traffic indications in SDP.] This document proposes a simple attribute line to identify the application a session is requesting in its offer/answer exchange. This document uses previously defined service class strings for consistency between IETF documents. This document modifies the traffic classes originally created in RFC 4594 in Section 2, incrementing each class with application identifiers and optional adjective strings. Section 3 defines the new SDP attribute "trafficclass". Section 4 discusses the offerer and answerer behavior when generating or receiving this attribute. 2. Traffic Class Framework and String Definitions The framework of the traffic class attribute will have at least two parts, allowing for several more to be included. The intention is to have a parent class (e.g., Conversational) that merely serves as the anchor point for an application component that when paired together, form the highest level traffic class. An adjective component provides further granularity for the application. There can be more than one adjective within a traffic class label to further refine the uniqueness of a traffic class being described. The traffic class label will have the following structure, parent.application(.adjective)(.adjective) Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 5] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 [Editor's Note: the above is not exactly the ABNF to be used. The order is right. The parent and application MUST appear (each only once) and zero or more adjectives can appear.] Where 1) the 1st component is the human understandable category; 2) the 2nd component is the application; 3) an optional 3rd component or series of components are adjective(s) used to further refine the application component; and The construction of the traffic class label for Telepresence video would follow the minimum form of: Conversational.video.immersive where there might be one or more adjective after '.immersive'. There is no traffic class or DSCP value associated with just "Conversational". There is a traffic class associated with "Conversational.video", creating a differentiation between it and a "Conversational.video.immersive" traffic class, which would have DSCP associated with the latter traffic class, depending on local policy. Each parent component is defined below, as are several of application and adjective strings. [Editor's Note: We're not yet sure how much of what's below will be proposed for IANA registration, but the 5 parent components will be, as well as at least some application components per parent component. Some adjective components will also likely be proposed for IANA registration. The 5 parent components of the traffic class attribute are as follows: o Conversational o Multimedia Conferencing o Real-Time Interactive o Multimedia Streaming o Broadcast The following application components of the traffic class attribute are as follows: o Audio o Video o Text o application-sharing o Presentation-data Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 6] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 o Whiteboarding o Web (conference) chat/instant messaging o Gaming o Virtual-desktop (interactive) o Remote-desktop o Telemetry (e.g., NORAD missile control) o Multiplex (i.e., combined streams) o Webcast o IPTV o Live-events (though not the buffered ones) o surveillance The following adjective components of the traffic class attribute are as follows: o Immersive o avconf o Realtime-Text o web Each of the above 3 lists will be defined in the following subsections. 2.1 Conversational Parent Traffic Class The Conversational traffic class is best suited for applications that require very low delay variation and generally intended to enable real-time, bi-directional person-to-person or multi-directional via an MTP communication, such as the following application components: o Audio (voice)** o Video** o Text (i.e., real-time text required by deaf users) **The above applications will also be used within Multimedia Streaming and Broadcast With adjective substrings to the above Immersive (TP) - An interactive audio-visual communications experience between remote locations, where the users enjoy a strong sense of realism and presence between all participants by optimizing a variety of attributes such as audio and video quality, eye contact, body language, spatial audio, coordinated environments and natural image size. Desktop-video - An interactive audio-visual communication Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 7] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 experience that is not immersive in nature, though can have a high resolution video component. Realtime-Text (RTT) - a term for real-time transmission of text in a character-by-character fashion for use in conversational services, often as a text equivalent to voice-based conversational services. Conversational text is defined in the ITU-T Framework for multimedia services, Recommendation F.700 [RFC5194]. Web - for realtime aspects of web conferencing; mutually exclusive of both Immersive and Desktop video experiences +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Traffic Class | | Tolerance to | | Name | Traffic Characteristics | Loss |Delay |Jitter| |===============+===============================+======+======+======| | | High priority, typically | Very | Very | Very | |Conversational | small packets (large video | Low | Low | Low | | | frames produce large packets),| | | | | | generally sustained high | | | | | | packet rate, low inter-packet | | | | | | transmission interval, | | | | | | usually UDP framed in (S)RTP | | | | +---------------+-------------------------------+------+------+------+ Figure 1. Conversational Traffic Characteristics 2.2 Multimedia-Conferencing Parent Traffic Class Multimedia-Conferencing traffic class is best suited for applications that are generally intended for communication between human users, but are less demanding in terms of delay, packet loss, and jitter than what Conversational applications require. These applications require low to medium delay and may have the ability to change encoding rate (rate adaptive) or transmit data at varying rates, such as the following application component: o application-sharing (that webex does or protocols like T.128) - An application that shares the output of one or more running applications or the desktop on a host. This can utilize vector graphics, raster graphics or video. o Presentation-data - can be a series of still images or motion video. o Whiteboarding - an application enabling the exchange of graphical information including images, pointers and filled and unfilled parametric drawing elements (points, lines, polygons and ellipses). Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 8] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 o (RTP-based) file transfer o Web (conference) chat/instant messaging +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Traffic Class | | Tolerance to | | Name | Traffic Characteristics | Loss |Delay |Jitter| |===============+===============================+======+======+======| | Multimedia | Variable size packets, | Low | Low | Low | | Conferencing | Variable transmit interval, | - | - | - | | | rate adaptive, reacts to |Medium|Medium|Medium| | | loss, usually TCP-based | | | | +---------------+-------------------------------+------+------+------+ Figure 2. Multimedia Conferencing Traffic Characteristics 2.3 Realtime-Interactive Parent Traffic Class Realtime-Interactive traffic class is intended for interactive variable rate inelastic applications that require low jitter and loss and very low delay, such as the following application components: o Gaming - interactive player video games with other users on other hosts (e.g., Doom) o Virtualized desktop (interactive) - similar to an X-windows station, has no local hard drive, or is operating an application with nolocal storage o Remote Desktop - controlling a remote node with local peripherals (i.e., monitor, keyboard and mouse) o Telemetry - a communication that allows remote measurement and reporting of information (e.g., post launch missile status or energy monitoring) +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Traffic Class | | Tolerance to | | Name | Traffic Characteristics | Loss |Delay |Jitter| |===============+===============================+======+======+======| | Realtime | Inelastic, mostly variable | Low | Very | Low | | Interactive | rate, rate increases with | | Low | | | | user activity | | | | +---------------+-------------------------------+------+------+------+ Figure 3. Realtime Interactive Traffic Characteristics 2.4 Multimedia-Streaming Parent Traffic Class Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 9] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 Multimedia-Streaming traffic class is best suited for variable rate elastic streaming media applications where a human is waiting for output and where the application has the capability to react to packet loss by reducing its transmission rate, such as the following application components: o Audio o Video o Multiplex (i.e., combined a/v streams) With adjective substrings to the above (which may or may not get IANA registered) Webcast The primary difference from the Multimedia-streaming parent class and the Broadcast parent class is about the length of time for buffering. Buffered streaming audio and/or video which are initiated by SDP, and not HTTP. Buffering here can be from many seconds to hours, and is typically at the destination end (as opposed to Broadcast buffering which is minimal at the destination). The buffering aspect is what differentiates this parent class from the Broadcast class (which has minimal or no buffering). +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Traffic Class | | Tolerance to | | Name | Traffic Characteristics | Loss |Delay |Jitter| |===============+===============================+======+======+======| | Multimedia | Variable size packets, |Low - |Medium| High | | Streaming | elastic with variable rate |Medium|- High| | | | | | | | +---------------+-------------------------------+------+------+------+ Figure 4. Multimedia Streaming Traffic Characteristics 2.5 Broadcast Parent Traffic Class Broadcast traffic class is best suited for inelastic streaming media Applications, which might have a 'wardrobe malfunction' delay at or near the source but not typically at the destination, that may be of constant or variable rate, requiring low jitter and very low packet loss, such as the following application components: o Audio o Video o Multiplex (i.e., combined a/v streams) Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 10] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 With adjective substrings to the above: o IPTV o Live events (non-buffered) o Video surveillance - one way video from a camera (e.g., observing a parking lot or building exit), typically enabled for long periods of time, usually stored at the destination. +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |Traffic Class | | Tolerance to | | Name | Traffic Characteristics | Loss |Delay |Jitter| |===============+===============================+======+======+======| | Broadcast | Constant and variable rate, | Very |Low - |Low - | | | inelastic, generally | Low |Medium|Medium| | | non-bursty flows, generally | | | | | | sustained high packet rate, | | | | | | low inter-packet transmission | | | | | | interval, usually UDP framed | | | | | | in (S)RTP | | | | +---------------+-------------------------------+------+------+------+ Figure 5. Broadcast Traffic Characteristics 3. SDP Attribute Definition This document proposes the 'trafficclass' session and media-level SDP [RFC4566] attribute. The following is the Augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) [RFC5234] syntax for this attribute, which is based on the SDP [RFC4566] grammar: attribute =/ traffic-classification traffic-classification = "trafficclass" ":" [SP] parent-class "." app-type *( adj-param ) parent-class = "Broadcast" / "Realtime-Interactive" / "Multimedia-Conferencing" / "Multimedia-Streaming" / "Conversational" / extension-mech extension-mech = token app-type = "audio" / "video" / "text" / "application-sharing" / "presentation-data" / "whiteboarding" / "webchat/IM" / "gaming" / "virtual-desktop" / "remote-desktop" / Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 11] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 "telemetry"/ "multiplex" / "webcast" / "IPTV" / "live-events" / "surveillance" / extension-mech adj-param = "." unqualified-adjective / "." qualified-adjective unqualified-adjective = "immersive" / "avconf" / "Realtime-Text" /"web" / generic-param ; from RFC3261 qualified-adjective = qual-category ":" q-adjective qual-category = "aq" / extension-mech q-adjective = "admitted" / "non-admitted" / "none" / generic-param ; from RFC3261 The attribute is named "trafficclass", for traffic classification, identifying which one of the five traffic classes applies to the media stream. There MUST NOT be more than one trafficclass attribute per media line. Confusion would result in where more than one exists per m= line. The parent classes in this document are an augmented version of the application labels introduced by table 3 of RFC 4595 (which will be rewritten based on the updated labels and treatments expected for each traffic class defined in this document). +-------------------------+------------------------------+ | Application Labels | Parent Classes Defined | | Defined in RFC 4594 | in this document | +=========================+==============================+ | Broadcast-video | Broadcast | +-------------------------+------------------------------+ | Realtime-Interactive | Realtime-Interactive | +-------------------------+------------------------------+ | Multimedia-Conferencing | Multimedia-Conferencing | +-------------------------+------------------------------+ | Multimedia-Streaming | Multimedia-Streaming | +-------------------------+------------------------------+ | Telephony | Conversational | +-------------------------+------------------------------+ Figure 6. Label Changes from RFC 4594 As is evident from the changes above, from left to right, two labels are different and each of the meanings are different in this document relative to how RFC 4594 defined them. These differences are articulated in Section 2 of this document. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 12] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 A parent class is a human understandable categorization, and MUST NOT be the only part of the traffic class label present in the attribute. The parent class string MUST always be paired with an application type, with a "." as the component separator. The application types (app-type) define the application of a particular traffic flow. The application types are listed both in the ABNF and defined in Section 2 of this document. Not every combination parent class is paired with application types, at least as defined in this document. Section 2.1 through 2.5 list many of the expected combinations. For additional application type granularity, adjective components can be added (also listed in Section 2). One or more adjectives can be within the same traffic class attribute. It is also permitted to include one or more non-IANA registered adjective component, but these MUST be prefaced by the additional delimiter "_", creating a possibility such as parent-class.application-type.adjective._non-standard-adjective ^^^^ See the underscore For example, this is valid: m=video 50000 RTP/AVP 112 a=trafficclass Conversational.video.immersive._foo._bar where both "foo" and "bar" are not IANA registered adjectives, but "immersive" is IANA registered. However, including non-registered adjectives without the "_" delimiter are not valid, such as the following: m=video 50000 RTP/AVP 112 a=trafficclass Conversational.video.immersive.foo.bar There is no limit to the number of adjectives allowed, without regard for whether they are registered or not. These non-registered adjectives can be vendor generated, or merely considered to be proprietary in nature. It is important to note that the order of component types matter, but not the order of the adjective components. There might be local significance to the ordering though. In other words, the parent class component MUST be before the application component, which MUST be before the adjective component. Some algorithm such as alphabetizing the list and matching the understood strings SHOULD be used. Adjectives can be either unqualified or qualified. Qualified Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 13] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 adjectives have a designation it is qualified and a ":" separating the string component into two parts. We define this qualifying designation to have the form of a two or three letter qualifier, in which the last letter is always "q" (i.e., for "qualified"). We are proposing in this document to have a single qualified adjective indicating whether this trafficclass has had or will have capacity-admission applied to it. Here we define the admission qualifier ("aq") with three possible values for this adjective: admitted, non-admitted and none, that will have the form aq:admitted|non-admitted|none Like all adjectives, it is OPTIONAL to include this adjective in any trafficclass attribute, and has the following meanings: - admitted - capacity admission mechanisms or protocols are to be or were used for the full amount of bandwidth in relation to this m= line. - non-admitted - capacity admission mechanisms or protocols were attempted but failed in relation to this m= line. This does not mean the flow described by this m= line failed. It just failed to attain the capacity admission mechanism or protocol necessary for a predictable quality of service, and is likely to continue with only a class of service marking or best effort. - none - no capacity admission mechanisms or protocols are or were attempted in relation to this m= line. The default for any flow generated from an m= line not having a trafficclass adjective of 'aq:admitted' or 'aq:non-admitted' MUST be the equivalent of 'aq:none', whether or not it is present. Any parent class, application, or adjective string component within this attribute that is not understood MUST be ignored, leaving all that is understood to be processed. Ignored string components SHOULD NOT be deleted, as a downstream entity could understand the component(s) and use it/them. Not understanding the parent class string SHOULD mean that this attribute is ignored. The following is an example of media level description with a 'trafficclass' attribute: m=video 50000 RTP/AVP 112 a=trafficclass conversational.video.immersive.aq:admitted The above indicates a telepresence session that has had capacity admission process applied to its media flow. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 14] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 4. Offer/Answer Behavior Through the inclusion of the 'trafficclass' attribute, an offer/answer exchange identifies the application type for use by endpoints within a session. Policy elements can use this attribute to determine the acceptability and/or treatment of that session through lower layers. One specific use-case is for setting of the DSCP specific for that application type (say a Broadcast instead of a Conversational video), decided on a per domain basis - instead of exclusively by the offering domain. 4.1 Offer Behavior Offerers include the 'trafficclass' attribute with a single string comprised of two or more components (from the list in Section 2) to obtain configurable and predictable classification between the answerer and the offerer. The offerer can also include a private set of components, or a combination of IANA registered and private components within a single domain (e.g., enterprise networks). Offerers of this 'trafficclass' attribute MUST NOT change the label in transit (e.g., wrt to B2BUAs). Session Border Controllers (SBC) at domain boundaries can change this attribute through local policy. Offers containing a 'trafficclass' label not understood are ignored by default (i.e., as if there was no 'trafficclass' attribute in the offer). 4.2 Answer Behavior Upon receiving an offer containing a 'trafficclass' attribute, if the offer is accepted, the answerer will use this attribute to classify the session or media (level) traffic accordingly towards the offerer. This answer does not need to match the traffic class in the offer, though this will likely be the case most of the time. In order to understand the traffic class attribute, the answerer MUST check several components within the attribute, such as 1 - does the answerer understand the parent component? If not, the attribute SHOULD be ignored. If yes, it checks the application component. 2 - does the answerer understand the application component? If not, the answerer needs to check if it has a local policy to proceed without an application component. The default for this Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 15] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 situation is as if the parent component was not understand, the attribute SHOULD be ignored. If yes, it checks to see if there are any other components present in this attribute to start its classification. 3 - does the answerer understand the adjective component or components if any are present? If not present, process and match the trafficclass label value as is. If yes, determine if there is more than one. Search for each that is understood. Any adjectives not understood are to be ignored, as if they are not present. The answerer will answer the offer with its own 'trafficclass' attribute, which will likely be the same value, although this is not mandatory (at this time). The Offerer will process the received answer just as the answerer processed the offer. In other words, the processing steps and rules are identical for each end. The answerer should expect to receive RTP packets marked as indicated by its 'trafficclass' attribute in the answer itself. An Answer MAY have a 'trafficclass' attribute when one was not in the offer. This will at least aid the local domain, and perhaps each domain the session transits, to categorize the application type of this RTP session. Answerers that are middleboxes can use the 'trafficclass' attribute to classify the RTP traffic within this session however local policy determines. In other words, this attribute can help in deciding which DSCP an RTP stream is assigned within a domain, if the answerer were an inbound SBC to a domain. 5. Security considerations RFC 5897 [RFC5897] discusses many of the pitfalls of service classification, which is similar enough to this idea of traffic classification to apply here as well. That document highly recommends the user not being able to set any classification. Barring a hack within an endpoint (i.e., to intentionally misclassifying (i.e., lying) about which classification an RTP stream is), this document's solution makes the classification part of the signaling between endpoints, which is recommended by RFC 5897. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 16] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 6. IANA considerations 6.1 Registration of the SDP 'trafficclass' Attribute This document requests IANA to register the following SDP att-field under the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters registry: Contact name: jmpolk@cisco.com Attribute name: trafficclass Long-form attribute name: Traffic Classification Type of attribute: Session and Media levels Subject to charset: No Purpose of attribute: To indicate the Traffic Classification application for this session Allowed attribute values: IANA Registered Tokens Registration Procedures: Specification Required Type SDP Name Reference ---- ------------------ --------- att-field (both session and media level) trafficclass [this document] 6.2 The Traffic Classification Application Type Registration This document requests IANA to create a new registry for the traffic application classes similar to the following table within the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters registry: Registry Name: "trafficclass" SDP Application Type Attribute Values Reference: [this document] Registration Procedures: Specification Required Parent Values Reference ---------------- --------- Broadcast [this document] Realtime-Interactive [this document] Multimedia-Conferencing [this document] Multimedia-Streaming [this document] Conversational [this document] 6.3 The Traffic Classification Application Type Registration Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 17] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 This document requests IANA to create a new registry for the traffic application classes similar to the following table within the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters registry: Registry Name: "trafficclass" Attribute Application Type Values Reference: [this document] Registration Procedures: Specification Required Application Values Reference ------------------ --------- Audio [this document] Video [this document] Text [this document] Application-sharing [this document] Presentation-data [this document] Whiteboarding [this document] Webchat/instant messaging [this document] Gaming [this document] Virtualized-desktop [this document] Remote-desktop [this document] Telemetry [this document] Multiplex [this document] Webcast [this document] IPTV [this document] Live-event [this document] surveillance [this document] 6.4 The Traffic Classification Unqualified Adjective Registration This document requests IANA to create a new registry for the traffic unqualified adjective values similar to the following table within the Session Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters registry: Registry Name: "trafficclass" Attribute Unqualified Adjective Values Reference: [this document] Registration Procedures: Specification Required Application Values Reference ------------------ --------- Immersive [this document] Desktop-video [this document] Realtime-Text [this document] web [this document] 6.5 The Traffic Classification Attribute Qualified Adjective Values Registration This document requests IANA to create a new registry Qualified Adjective Values similar to the following table within the Session Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 18] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 Description Protocol (SDP) Parameters registry: Registry Name: "trafficclass" Attribute Qualified Adjective Values Reference: [this document] Registration Procedures: Specification Required Qualification Category Attribute Values Reference ---------------------- ---------------- --------- AQ Admitted [this document] AQ Non-admitted [this document] AQ None [this document] 7. Acknowledgments To Dave Oran, Toerless Eckert, Henry Chen, David Benham, David Benham, Mo Zanty, Michael Ramalho, Glen Lavers, Charles Ganzhorn, and Greg Edwards for their comments and suggestions. 8. References 8.1. Normative References [RFC2119] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, March 1997 [RFC2205] R. Braden, Ed., L. Zhang, S. Berson, S. Herzog, S. Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1 Functional Specification", RFC 2205, September 1997 [RFC2474] K. Nichols, S. Blake, F. Baker, D. Black, "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers ", RFC 2474, December 1998 [RFC2872] Y. Bernet, R. Pabbati, "Application and Sub Application Identity Policy Element for Use with RSVP", RFC 2872, June 2000 [RFC3550] Schulzrinne, H., Casner, S., Frederick, R., and V. Jacobson, "RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications", STD 64, RFC 3550, July 2003. [RFC4080] R. Hancock, G. Karagiannis, J. Loughney, S. Van den Bosch, "Next Steps in Signaling (NSIS): Framework", RFC 4080, June 2005 [RFC4124] F. Le Faucheur, Ed., " Protocol Extensions for Support of Diffserv-aware MPLS Traffic Engineering ", RFC 4124, June 2005 [RFC4566] M. Handley, V. Jacobson, C. Perkins, "SDP: Session Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 19] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 Description Protocol", RFC 4566, July 2006 [RFC5234] Crocker, D., Ed., and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008. [RFC5865] F. Baker, J. Polk, M. Dolly, "A Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) for Capacity-Admitted Traffic", RFC 5865, May 2010 [RFC5897] J. Rosenberg, "Identification of Communications Services in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 5897, June 2010 8.2. Informative References [RFC4594] J. Babiarz, K. Chan, F Baker, "Configuration Guidelines for Diffserv Service Classes", RFC 4594, August 2006 [ID-RSVP-PROF] J. Polk, S. Dhesikan, "Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) Application-ID Profiles for Voice and Video Streams", work in progress, Mar 2011 Author's Addresses James Polk 3913 Treemont Circle Colleyville, Texas, USA +1.818.271.3552 mailto: jmpolk@cisco.com Subha Dhesikan 170 W Tasman St San Jose, CA, USA +1.408-902-3351 mailto: sdhesika@cisco.com Paul E. Jones mailto: paulej@packetizer.com Appendix - Changes from Previous Versions A.1 From -00 to -01 These are the following changes made between the WG -00 version and the -01 version: Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 20] Internet-Draft SDP trafficclass Attribute Mar 2012 - removed the non-SDP applications Netflix and VOD - switched the adjective 'desktop' to 'avconf' - Labeled each of the figures. - clarified the differences between Multimedia-Streaming and Broadcast parent categories. - defined Video surveillance - added the concept of a 'qualified' adjective, and modified the ABNF. - deleted the idea of a 'cac-class' as a separate component, and made the equivalent a qualified adjective. - modified the answerer behavior because of the removal of the 'cac-class' component. - created an IANA registry for qualified adjectives - general clean-up of the doc. Did *not* do the following in this version: - add the ability to have more than one trafficclass attribute based on the codec chosen, as feedback indicated this was a bad idea. - no swap of the Multimedia-Conferencing parent category with the offered Collaboration parent category, as doing this did not solve any perceived problems. - add more to the 'how does this get processed' portion of Section 3. That will come in the next revision. Polk, et al. Expires Sept 12, 2012 [Page 21]