PIM Null-Register packing

Internet-Draft	PIM Null-Register packing	February 2023
Kamath, et al.	Expires 26 August 2023	[Page]

Abstract

In PIM-SM networks PIM Null-Register messages are sent by the Designated Router (DR) to the Rendezvous Point (RP) to signal the presence of Multicast sources in the network. There are periodic PIM Null-Registers sent from the DR to the RP to keep the state alive at the RP as long as the source is active. The PIM Null-Register message carries information about a single Multicast source and group.¶

This document defines a standard to send multiple Multicast source and group information in a single PIM message. This document refers to the new messages as the PIM Packed Null-Register message and PIM Packed Register-Stop message.¶

Status of This Memo

This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.¶

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This Internet-Draft will expire on 26 August 2023.¶

Copyright Notice

This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.¶

1. Introduction

The DR periodically sends PIM Null-Registers to keep the state of existing multicast sources active on the RP. As the number of multicast sources increases, the number of PIM Null-Register messages that are sent also increases. This results in more PIM packet processing at the RP and the DR.¶

This draft proposes a method to efficiently pack multiple PIM Null-Registers and Register-Stops [RFC7761] into a single message as these packets do not contain encapsulated data.¶

The draft also discusses interoperability between PIM routers that support PIM Packed Null-Registers and PIM Packed Register-Stops and PIM routers that do not.¶

1.1. Conventions used in this document

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.¶

1.2. Terminology

RP:: Rendezvous Point¶
DR:: Designated Router¶

2. Packed Null-Register Packing Capability

This section allocates a bit in the PIM Register-Stop message Flag Bits field for the RP to indicate its ability to receive PIM Packed Null-Register messages (Section 3), and send PIM Packed Register-Stop messages (Section 4).¶

 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|PIM Ver| Type  |P|6 5 4 3 2 1 0|           Checksum            |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|             Group Address (Encoded-Group format)              |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|            Source Address (Encoded-Unicast format)            |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    Figure 1: PIM Register-Stop message with Packing Capability option

The fields in the PIM Register-Stop message are defined in Section 4.9.4 of [RFC7761], and the common header in [RFC8736].¶

Packing Capability bit (Flag Bit TBD1): When set, it indicates the ability of the RP to receive PIM Packed Null-Register messages, and send PIM Packed Register-Stop messages.¶

3. PIM Packed Null-Register message format

   0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |PIM Ver| Type  |Subtype|  FB   |           Checksum            |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Group Address[1]   (Encoded-Group format)                 |
   |     Source Address[1]  (Encoded-Unicast format)               |
   .                                                               .
   .                                                               .
   .                                                               .
   .                                                               .
   .     Group Address[N]                                          .
   |     Source Address[N]                                         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
           Figure 2: PIM Packed Null-Register message format

The fields in the PIM Packed Null-Register message are defined in Section 4.9.4 of [RFC7761], and the common header in [RFC8736]¶

Type, Subtype: The PIM Packed Null-Register Type value TBD2. [RFC8736]¶

4. PIM Packed Register-Stop message format

   0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |PIM Ver| Type  |Subtype|  FB   |           Checksum            |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Group Address[1]  (Encoded-Group format)                  |
   |     Source Address[1]  (Encoded-Unicast format)               |
   .                                                               .
   .                                                               .
   .                                                               .
   .                                                               .
   .     Group Address[N]                                          .
   |     Source Address[N]                                         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
           Figure 3: PIM Packed Register-Stop message format

The fields in the PIM Packed Register-Stop message are defined in Section 4.9.4 of [RFC7761], and the common header in [RFC8736]¶

Type, Subtype: The PIM Packed Register-Stop Type TBD3¶

5. Protocol operation

As specified in [RFC7761], the DR sends PIM Register messages towards the RP when a new source is detected.¶
When this feature is enabled/configured, an RP supporting this specification MUST set the P-bit (Flag bit TBD1) in all Register-Stop messages.¶
When a Register-Stop message with the P-bit set is received, the DR MAY send PIM Packed Null-Register messages (Section 3) to the RP instead of multiple Register messages with the N-bit set [RFC7761]. The DR may use a mixture of PIM Packed Null-Register messages and Register messages. The decision is up to the implementation and out of the scope of this document. However, it is RECOMMENDED to stick to the packed format as long as the RP and DR have the feature enabled.¶
The RP, after receiving a PIM Packed Null-Register message, MAY start sending PIM Packed Register-Stop messages (Section 4) to the corresponding DR instead of individual Register-Stop messages. The RP may use a mixture of PIM Packed Register-Stop messages and individual Register-Stop messages. The decision is up to the implementation and out of the scope of this document. However, it is RECOMMENDED to stick to the packed format as long as the RP and DR have the feature enabled.¶

6. Operational Considerations

6.1. PIM Anycast RP Considerations

The PIM Packed Null-Register packet format should be enabled only if it is supported by all the routers in the Anycast-RP set [RFC4610]. This consideration applies to PIM Anycast RP with MSDP [RFC3446] as well.¶

6.2. Interoperability between different versions

A router (DR) can decide to pack multiple Null-Register messages based on the Packing Capability received from the RP as part of the PIM Register-Stop. This ensures compatibility with routers that do not support processing of the new packet format. The Packing Capability information can be indicated by the RP via the PIM Register-Stop message sent to the DR. Thus a DR will switch to the new packet format only when it learns that the RP is capable of handling the PIM Packed Null-Register messages.¶

Conversely, a DR that does not support the packed format can continue generating the PIM Null-Register as defined in [RFC7761] (Section 4.4).¶

6.3. PIM RP router version downgrade

Consider a PIM RP router that supports PIM Packed Null-Registers and PIM Packed Register-Stops. When this router downgrades to a software version which does not support PIM Packed Null-Registers and PIM Packed Register-Stops, the DR that sends the PIM Packed Null-Register message will not get a PIM Register-Stop message back from the RP.¶

When the DR switches to Data Registers from Null-Registers, it MUST start a Packed_Register_Probe_Time timer. If no PIM Packed Register-Stop or Register-Stop with the P-bit set is received within Packed_Register_Probe_Time seconds, the DR can decide that the RP no longer supports PIM Packed Null-Registers. The Packed_Register_Probe_Time timer is configurable; its default value is 60 seconds.¶

When Packed_Register_Probe_Time expires, The DR MAY also send an unpacked PIM Null-Register and check the PIM Register-Stop to see if the P-bit is set or not. If it is not set then the DR will continue sending unpacked PIM Null-Register messages.¶

In case the network manager disables the Packing Capability at the RP, or in other words, disables the feature from the RP, the router SHOULD NOT advertise the Packing Capability. However, an implementation MAY choose to still parse any packed registers if they are received. This may be particularly useful in the transitional period after the network manager disables it.¶

8. Security Considerations

The Security Considerations from [RFC7761] apply to this document. In particular, the effect of forging a PIM Packed Null-Register or Register-Stop message would be amplified to all the records included and not a single source/group pair.¶

By forging a PIM Register-Stop message and setting the P-bit, an attacker can trigger the use of PIM Packed Null-Register messages by a DR thus creating unnecessary churn in the network.¶

11. Normative References

[RFC2119]: Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174]: Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC7761]: Fenner, B., Handley, M., Holbrook, H., Kouvelas, I., Parekh, R., Zhang, Z., and L. Zheng, "Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised)", STD 83, RFC 7761, DOI 10.17487/RFC7761, March 2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7761>.
[RFC4610]: Farinacci, D. and Y. Cai, "Anycast-RP Using Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM)", RFC 4610, DOI 10.17487/RFC4610, August 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4610>.
[RFC8736]: Venaas, S. and A. Retana, "PIM Message Type Space Extension and Reserved Bits", RFC 8736, DOI 10.17487/RFC8736, February 2020, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8736>.
[RFC3446]: Kim, D., Meyer, D., Kilmer, H., and D. Farinacci, "Anycast Rendevous Point (RP) mechanism using Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) and Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)", RFC 3446, DOI 10.17487/RFC3446, January 2003, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3446>.