SIPCORE H. Schulzrinne Internet-Draft FCC Intended status: Standards Track December 12, 2016 Expires: June 15, 2017 A SIP Response Code for Unwanted Calls draft-ietf-sipcore-status-unwanted-00 Abstract This document defines the 666 (Unwanted) SIP response code, allowing called parties to indicate that the call was unwanted. The terminating SIP entity may use this information to adjust future call handling behavior for this called party or more broadly. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on June 15, 2017. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Schulzrinne Expires June 15, 2017 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Status Unwanted December 2016 Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Normative Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 3. Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4. Behavior of SIP Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5.1. SIP Response Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 5.2. SIP Global Feature-Capability Indicator . . . . . . . . . 4 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1. Introduction In many countries, an increasing number of calls are unwanted [RFC5039], as they might be fraudulent, illegal telemarketing or the receiving party does not want to be disturbed by, say, surveys or solicitation by charities. Carriers and other service providers may want to help their subscribers avoid receiving such calls, using a variety of global or user-specific filtering algorithms. One input into such algorithms is user feedback. User feedback may be offered through smartphone apps, APIs or within the context of a SIP- initiated call. This document addresses only the last mode, where the called party either rejects the SIP request, typically INVITE or MESSAGE, as unwanted or terminates the call with a BYE request after answering the call. To allow the called party to express that the call was unwanted, this document defines the 666 (Unwanted) response code. The called party or a automata acting on her behalf uses this to indicate that future calls from the same caller are also unwanted. 2. Normative Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 3. Motivation None of the existing 4xx, 5xx or 6xx response codes allow the called party to convey that they not only reject this call, e.g., using 480 (Temporarily Unavailable), 486 (Busy Here), 600 (Busy Everywhere), 603 (Decline) or 606 (Not Acceptable), but that the caller is Schulzrinne Expires June 15, 2017 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Status Unwanted December 2016 unwanted. The particular response code number was chosen to reflect the distaste felt by many upon receiving such calls. 4. Behavior of SIP Entities The response code MAY also be used in Reason header fields [RFC3326], typically when the UAS issues a BYE request terminating an incoming call. The SIP entities receiving this response code are not obligated to take any particular action. The service provider delivering calls to the user issuing the response may, for example, add the calling party to a personal blacklist specific to the called party, or may use the information as input when computing the likelihood that the calling party is placing unwanted calls ("crowd sourcing"), might initiate a traceback request, or could report the calling number to government authorities. Receiving systems could decide to treat pre-call and mid-call responses differently, given that the called party has had access to call content for mid-call rejections. In other words, depending on the implementation, the response code does not necessarily automatically block all calls from that number. The same user interface action might also trigger addition of the number to a local, on-device blacklist or graylist, e.g., causing such calls to be flagged or alert with a different ring tone. We define a SIP feature-capability [RFC6809], sip.666, that allows the registrar to indicate that it supports this particular response code. This allows the UA, for example, to provide a suitable user interface element, such as a "spam" button, only if its service provider actually supports the feature. The presence of the feature capability does not imply that the provider will take any particular action, such as blocking future calls. A UA may still decide to render a "spam" button even without such as a capability if, for example, it maintains a device-local blacklist or reports unwanted calls to a third party. 5. IANA Considerations 5.1. SIP Response Code This document register a new SIP response code. This response code is defined by the following information, which is to be added to the method and response-code sub-registry under http://www.iana.org/assignments/sip-parameters. Response Code Number 666 Default Reason Phrase Unwanted Schulzrinne Expires June 15, 2017 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Status Unwanted December 2016 Reference [this RFC] 5.2. SIP Global Feature-Capability Indicator This document defines the feature capability sip.666 in the "SIP Feature-Capability Indicator Registration Tree" registry defined in [RFC6809]. Name sip.666 Description This feature-capability indicator when used in a REGISTER response indicates that the server will process the 666 response code. This does not imply any specific action. Reference [this RFC] 6. Security Considerations If the calling party number is spoofed, users may report the number as placing unwanted calls, possibly leading to the blocking of calls from the legitimate user of the number in addition to the unwanted caller, i.e., creating a form of denial-of-service attack. Thus, the response code SHOULD NOT be used for creating global call filters unless the calling party number has been authenticated using [I-D.ietf-stir-rfc4474bis] as being assigned to the caller placing the unwanted call. (The creation of call filters local to a user agent is beyond the scope of this document.) Even if the number is not spoofed, a call recipient might flag legitimate numbers, e.g., to extract vengeance on a person or business, or simply by mistake. Thus, any additions to a personal list of blocked numbers should be observable by the subscriber, e.g., on a web page or by regular email notification, and reservible. Any additions to a global or carrier-wide list of unwanted callers needs to consider that any user-initiated mechanism will suffer from an unavoidable rate of false positives and tailor their algorithms accordingly, e.g., by comparing the fraction of delivered calls for a particular caller that are flagged as unwanted rather than just the absolute number, and considering time-weighted filters that give more credence to recent feedback. Since telephone numbers are routinely re-assigned to new subscribers, algorithms are advised to consider whether the number has been re- assigned to a new subscriber and possibly reset any related rating. For both individually-authenticated and unauthenticated calls, recipients may want to distinguish responses sent before and after Schulzrinne Expires June 15, 2017 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Status Unwanted December 2016 the call has been answered, ascertaining whether either response timing suffers from a lower false-positive rate. 7. Acknowledgements Martin Dolly, Keith Drage, Paul Kyzivat, Brian Rosen and Chris Wendt provided helpful comments. 8. References 8.1. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, . [RFC3261] Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston, A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E. Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261, DOI 10.17487/RFC3261, June 2002, . [RFC3326] Schulzrinne, H., Oran, D., and G. Camarillo, "The Reason Header Field for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 3326, DOI 10.17487/RFC3326, December 2002, . [RFC6809] Holmberg, C., Sedlacek, I., and H. Kaplan, "Mechanism to Indicate Support of Features and Capabilities in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 6809, DOI 10.17487/RFC6809, November 2012, . 8.2. Informative References [I-D.ietf-stir-rfc4474bis] Peterson, J., Jennings, C., Rescorla, E., and C. Wendt, "Authenticated Identity Management in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", draft-ietf-stir-rfc4474bis-15 (work in progress), October 2016. [RFC5039] Rosenberg, J. and C. Jennings, "The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Spam", RFC 5039, DOI 10.17487/RFC5039, January 2008, . Schulzrinne Expires June 15, 2017 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Status Unwanted December 2016 Author's Address Henning Schulzrinne FCC 445 12th Street SW Washington, DC 20554 US Email: henning.schulzrinne@fcc.gov Schulzrinne Expires June 15, 2017 [Page 6]