Internet Engineering Task Force L. Zhou Internet-Draft N. Kong Intended status: Informational S. Shen Expires: March 24, 2015 CNNIC S. Sheng ICANN A. Servin LACNIC September 20, 2014 Registration Data Access Protocol Object Inventory Analysis draft-ietf-weirds-object-inventory-04 Abstract WHOIS output objects from registries (including both Regional Internet Registries (RIRs) and Domain Name Registries (DNRs)) were collected and analyzed. This document describes the statistical analysis process and result of existing WHOIS information. The purpose of this document is to build an object inventory to facilitate discussions of data objects included in Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) responses. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on March 24, 2015. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF Contributions published or made publicly available before November 10, 2008. The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process. Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other than English. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. RIR Objects Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4.1. WHOIS Data for Organizations Holding a Resource . . . . . 5 4.2. WHOIS Data for Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.3. WHOIS data for IP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.4. WHOIS data for ASNs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.5. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5. DNR Objects Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.2. Public Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.2.1. WHOIS Data for Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5.2.2. WHOIS Data for Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.2.2.1. Registrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.2.2.2. Admin Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2.2.3. Tech Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2.2.4. Billing Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.2.3. WHOIS Data for Nameservers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.2.4. WHOIS Data for Registrars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.3. Other Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 5.4. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.4.1. Preliminary Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.4.2. Data Elements Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5.4.3. Labels Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 5.4.4. Other Objects Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.5. Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 6. Reference Extension Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 6.1. RIR Reference Extension Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 6.2. DNR Reference Extension Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8. Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Appendix A. Change Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 1. Introduction RIRs and DNRs have historically maintained a lookup service to permit public access to some portion of the registry database. Most registries offer the service via the WHOIS protocol [RFC3912], with additional services being offered via world wide web pages, bulk downloads, and other services, such as Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL) [RFC2622]. Although the WHOIS protocol is widely adopted and supported, it has several shortcomings that limit its usefulness to the evolving needs of the Internet community. Specifically, o It has no query and response format. o It does not support user authentication, access control for differentiated access. o It has not been internationalized and thus does not consistently support Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs, described in [RFC5890]). This document records an inventory of registry data objects to facilitate discussions of registration data objects. The Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) was developed using this inventory as input. In number space, there are altogether five RIRs. Although all RIRs provide information about IP addresses, Autonomous System Number (ASNs) and contacts, the data model used is different for each RIR. In domain name space, there are over 200 country code Top-Level Domains (ccTLDs) and over 400 generic Top-Level Domains (gTLDs) when the document is published. Different domain name registries may have different WHOIS response objects and formats. A common understanding of all these data formats is critical. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 This document describes the WHOIS data collection procedures and gives a data object inventory analysis based on the collected data from five RIRs and 106 ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs from DNRs. The RIR data objects are classified into IP address, ASN, person or contact and the organization that held the resource. The DNR data objects are classified into domain, contact, nameserver and registrar related objects. Other objects that do not belong to above categories are viewed as private designed objects. In this document, there is no intent to analyze all the query and response types existed in RIRs and DNRs. The most common query objects are discussed, but other objects such as RPSL data structures used by Internet Routing Registries (IRRs) can be documented later if the community feels it is necessary. 2. Terminology o Data element -- The name of specific response object. o Label -- The name given to a particular data element, which may vary between registries. o Most popular label -- The label which is most supported by the registries. o Number of labels -- The number of different labels. o Total count -- The number of registries that support a certain data element. 3. Methodology WHOIS information, including port 43 response and web response data, was collected following the procedures described below. RIR objects collection process: (1) The process of RIR data collection was relatively easy. There are altogether five RIRs which are AFRINIC, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC and RIPE NCC. All the RIRs provide information of IPs, ASNs and contacts. First, find the five RIR WHOIS servers. (2) Query the corresponding IPs, ASNs, contacts and organizations registered in five RIRs and make a comparative analysis of the responses data. (3) Data elements with the same meaning, but using different labels, were grouped together. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 DNR objects collections process: (1) A programming script was applied to collect port 43 response data from 294 ccTLDs. "nic.ccTLD" is used as the query string, which is usually registered in a domain registry. Responses of 106 ccTLDs were received. 18 gTLDs' port 43 response data was collected from their contracts with ICANN. Thus, the sample size of port 43 WHOIS response data is 124 registries in total. (2) WHOIS data from web was collected manually from the 124 registries that have port 43 WHOIS responses. (3) Some of the responses which were collected by program did not seem to be correct, so data of the top 10 ccTLD registries, like .de, .eu and .uk etc., was re-verified by querying domain names other than "nic.ccTLD". (4) In accordance with the specification 4 of new gTLD applicant guide book [ICANN.AGB-201206] and the Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) ([RFC5730], [RFC5731], [RFC5732] and [RFC5733]), the response data objects are classified into public and other data objects. Public data objects are those which are defined in the above references. Other objects are those which are self designed data elements or objects in different registries. (5) Data elements with the same meaning, but using different labels, were grouped together. The numbers of registries that support the data elements are shown in the total count column. 4. RIR Objects Analysis 4.1. WHOIS Data for Organizations Holding a Resource The following table shows the organization objects of five RIRs. +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | RIR | AFRINIC |APNIC| ARIN | LACNIC | RIPE NCC | | Objects | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Organization |organisation| NA | Name | Owner | org-name | | name | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Organization | org-name | NA | Handle | owner-id |organisation| | ID | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Company | NA | NA | Company | NA | NA | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Name of | NA | NA | NA |responsible| NA | Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 | person | | | | | | | responsible | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Type of | org-type | NA | NA | NA | org-type | | organization | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Country | country | NA | country | country | country | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Postal | address | NA | address | address | address | | Address | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | City | NA | NA | city | NA | address | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | State | NA | NA | StateProv| NA | address | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Postal | NA | NA |PostalCode| NA | address | | Code | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Phone | phone | NA | NA | phone | phone | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Fax Number | fax-no | NA | NA | NA | fax-no | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | ID of | admin-c | NA | Admin | owner-c | admin-c | |administrative| | | POC | | (multiple) | | contact | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | ID of | tech-c | NA | Tech POC | tech-c | tech-c | | technical | | | | | (multiple) | | contact | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Maintainer | mnt-ref | NA | NOC POC | NA | mnt-ref | | organization | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Maintainer | mnt-by | NA | Abuse | NA | mnt-by | | object | | | POC | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Remarks | remarks | NA | NA | NA | remarks | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Date of | Changed | NA | RegDate | created | Changed | | record | | | | | | | creation | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Date of | changed | NA | Updated | changed | changed | | record | | | | | | | changed | | | | | | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | List of | NA | NA | NA | list of | NA | | resources | | | | resources | | Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Source | source | NA | NA | NA | source | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ | Reference | NA | NA | Ref | NA | NA | +--------------+------------+-----+----------+-----------+------------+ WHOIS Data for Organizations Holding a Resource 4.2. WHOIS Data for Contacts The following table shows the contact objects of five RIRs. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | RIR Objects | AFRINIC | APNIC | ARIN | LACNIC | RIPE | | | | | | | NCC | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Name | person | person | Name | person | person | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Company | NA | NA | Company | NA | NA | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Postal | address | address | Address | address | address | | Address | | | | | | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | City | NA | NA | City | NA | address | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | State | NA | NA | StateProv | NA | address | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Postal Code | NA | NA | PostalCode | NA | address | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Country | NA | country | Country | country | NA | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Phone | phone | phone | Mobile | phone | phone | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Fax Number | fax-no | fax-no | Fax | NA | fax-no | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Email | e-mail | e-mail | Email | e-mail | NA | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | ID | nic-hdl | nic-hdl | Handle | nic-hdl | nic-hdl | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Remarks | remarks | remarks | Remarks | NA | remarks | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Notify | notify | notify | NA | NA | notify | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | ID of | mnt-by | mnt-by | NA | NA | mnt-by | | maintainer | | | | | | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Registration | changed | NA | RegDate | created | changed | | Date | | | | | | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Registration | changed | changed | Updated | changed | changed | | update | | | | | | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Source | source | source | NA | NA | source | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ | Reference | NA | NA | Ref | NA | NA | +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+ WHOIS Data for Contacts Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 4.3. WHOIS data for IP Addresses The following table shows the IP address objects of five RIRs. +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | RIR | AFRINIC | APNIC | ARIN | LACNIC | RIPE NCC | | Objects | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | IP | inetnum | inetnum | NetRange | NA | inetnum | | address | | | | | | | range | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | IPV6 | inet6num|inet6num/ | CIDR |inetnum | inet6num/ | | address | | inetnum | | | inetnum | | range | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Description | descr | descr | NetName | NA | descr | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Remarks | remarks | remarks | NA | NA | remarks | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Origin AS | NA |origin (on| OriginAS |OriginAS| origin (on | | | | route/6) | |(future)| route/6) | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Network | netname | netname | NetHandle |inetrev | netname | | name/ID | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Maintainer | mnt-by | NA | NA | NA | mnt-by | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Maintainer |mnt-lower| NA | NA | NA | NA | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ |Administrative| admin-c | admin-c | OrgId | ownerid| admin-c | | contact | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Parent | parent | NA | Parent | NA | NA | | range | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Status | status | status | NetType | status | status | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Registration | changed | NA | RegDate | created| changed | | Date | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Registration | changed | changed | Updated | changed| changed | | update | |(multiple)| | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Reference | NA | NA | Ref | NA | NA | Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | ID | org | NA | OrgId | owner |organisation | | organization | | | | | | | holding the | | | | | | | resource | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Referral | NA | NA |ReferralServer| NA | NA | | server | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Technical | tech-c | tech-c |OrgTechHandle | tech-c | tech-c | | contact | | | | | (multiple) | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Abuse | NA | NA |OrgAbuseHandle| abuse-c|abuse-mailbox| | contact | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Referral | NA | NA | RTechHandle | NA | NA | | technical | | | | | | | contact | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Referral | mnt-irt | mnt-irt | RAbuseHandle | NA | NA | | abuse | | | | | | | contact | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Referral | NA | NA | RNOCHandle | NA | NA | | NOC | | | | | | | contact | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ | Name | NA | NA | NA | nserver| NA | | server | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+--------------+--------+-------------+ WHOIS Data for IP Addresses 4.4. WHOIS data for ASNs Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 10] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | RIR | AFRINIC | APNIC | ARIN | LACNIC | RIPE NCC | | Objects | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | ID | aut-num | aut-num | ASNumber | aut-num | aut-num | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Description | descr | descr | NA | NA | descr | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ |Organization | org | NA | OrgId | owner | org | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Comment | remarks | NA | Comment | NA | remarks | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ |Administrative| admin-c | admin-c | ASHandle |owner-id | admin-c | | contact ID | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Technical | tech-c | tech-c |OrgTechHandle|routing-c| tech-c | | contact ID | | | | | (multiple)| +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Organization | NA | nic-hdl | NA | owner-c |organisation| | ID | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Notify | notify | notify | NA | NA | NA | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Abuse | NA | NA | OrgAbuse | abuse-c | NA | | contact | | | Handle | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Maintainer | mnt-by | mnt-by | NA | NA | mnt-by | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Maintainer |mnt-lower| mnt-lower| NA | NA | mnt-lower | | | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Maintainer | NA | NA | NA | NA | mnt-ref | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ |Registration | changed | NA | RegDate | created | NA | | Date | | | | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ |Registration | changed | changed | Updated | changed | NA | | update | |(multiple)| | | | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ | Source | source | source | NA | NA | source | +--------------+---------+----------+-------------+---------+------------+ WHOIS Data for ASNs Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 11] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 4.5. Conclusion As it can be observed, for each object (Organization, Contact Person, Net-num and ASN) there are fields that are unique to only one or a set of RIRs and there are fields that have the same meaning but are labeled differently for each RIR. In order to construct a single data model for each object, a selection of the most common and useful fields was made. That initial selection was the starting point for [I-D.ietf-weirds-json-response]. 5. DNR Objects Analysis 5.1. Overview WHOIS data was collected from 124 registries, including 106 ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs. All the 124 registries support domain queries. Among 124 registries, eight ccTLDs and 15 gTLDs support queries for specific contact persons or roles. 10 ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs support queries by nameserver. four ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs support registrar queries. Domain WHOIS data contain 68 data elements that use a total of 550 labels. There is a total of 392 other objects for domain WHOIS data. The raw data can be accessed at WHOIS Statistics Data File [Stat-Data-File]. 5.2. Public Objects As mentioned above, public objects are those data elements selected according to the new gTLD applicant guide book and EPP protocols. They are generally classified into four categories: domain, contact, nameserver and registrar related information. 5.2.1. WHOIS Data for Domains WHOIS replies about domains include "Domain Name", "Creation Date", "Domain Status", "Expiration Date", "Updated Date", "Domain ID", "DNSSEC" and "Last Transferred Date". The following table gives the element name, most popular label and corresponding numbers of TLDs and labels. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 12] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular | No. of | No. of | | | Label | TLDs | Labels | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Domain Name | Domain Name | 118 | 6 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Creation Date | Created | 106 | 24 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Domain Status | Status | 95 | 8 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Expiration Date | Expiration Date | 81 | 21 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Updated Date | Modified | 70 | 20 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Domain ID | Domain ID | 34 | 5 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | DNSSEC | DNSSEC | 14 | 4 | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ | Last Transferred | Last Transferred | 4 | 3 | | Date | Date | | | +-------------------+-------------------+------------+--------------+ WHOIS Data for Domains Several statistical conclusion that obtained from above data include: o About 95.16% of the 124 registries support a "Domain Name" data element. o Nearly 85.48% of the 124 registries support a "Creation Date" data element. o Almost 76.61% of the 124 registries support a "Domain Status" data element o On the other hand, some elements such as "DNSSEC" and "Last Transferred Date" are only supported by 11.29% and 3.23% of all the registries seperately. 5.2.2. WHOIS Data for Contacts In domain name space, contacts are typically divided into registrant, administrative contact, technical contact and billing contact. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 13] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.2.2.1. Registrant The following table shows all the contact information for a registrant. 14 data elements are listed below. +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of | No. of | | | | TLDs | Labels | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Name | Name | 65 | 7 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Email | Registrant Email | 59 | 7 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant ID | Registrant ID | 50 | 12 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Phone | Registrant Phone | 48 | 6 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Fax | Registrant Fax | 44 | 6 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant | Registrant | 42 | 4 | | Organization | Organization | | | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Country | Country | 42 | 6 | | Code | | | | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant City | Registrant City | 38 | 4 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Postal | Registrant Postal | 37 | 5 | | Code | Code | | | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant | Registrant | 32 | 4 | | State/Province | State/Province | | | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Street | Registrant Street1 | 31 | 16 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Country | Registrant Country | 19 | 4 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Phone | Registrant Phone | 18 | 2 | | Ext. | Ext. | | | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ | Registrant Fax Ext | Registrant Fax Ext | 17 | 2 | +--------------------+---------------------+-----------+------------+ Registrant Among all the data elements, "Registrant Name", "Registrant Email" and "Registrant ID" are the top three data elements. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 14] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.2.2.2. Admin Contact The following table shows all the contact information for an administrative contact. 14 data elements are listed below. +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of | No. of | | | | TLDs | Labels | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Street | Address | 64 | 19 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Name | Admin Name | 60 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Email | Admin Email | 54 | 12 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin ID | Admin ID | 52 | 16 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Fax | Admin Fax | 44 | 8 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Phone | Admin Phone | 43 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Organization | Admin Organization | 42 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Country Code | Country | 42 | 7 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin City | Admin City | 35 | 5 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Postal Code | Admin Postal Code | 35 | 7 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin | Admin | 28 | 5 | | State/Province | State/Province | | | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Country | Admin Country | 17 | 5 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Phone Ext. | Admin Phone Ext. | 17 | 3 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Admin Fax Ext. | Admin Fax Ext. | 17 | 3 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ Admin Contact Among all the data elements, "Admin Street", "Admin Name" and "Admin Email" are the top three data elements. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 15] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.2.2.3. Tech Contact The following table shows all the information for a domain name technical contact. 14 data elements are listed below. +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of | No. of | | | | TLDs | Labels | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Email | Tech Email | 59 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech ID | Tech ID | 55 | 16 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Name | Tech Name | 47 | 6 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Fax | Tech Fax | 45 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Phone | Tech Phone | 45 | 10 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Country Code | Country | 43 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Organization | Tech Organization | 39 | 7 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech City | Tech City | 36 | 4 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Postal Code | Tech Postal Code | 36 | 7 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech | Tech | 30 | 4 | | State/Province | State/Province | | | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Street | Tech Street1 | 27 | 16 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Country | Tech Country | 18 | 5 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Fax Ext | Tech Fax Ext | 18 | 3 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Tech Phone Ext. | Tech Phone Ext. | 13 | 3 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ Tech Contact Among all the data elements, "Tech Email", "Tech ID" and "Tech Name" are the top three data elements. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 16] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.2.2.4. Billing Contact The following table shows all the information for a domain name billing contact. 14 data elements are listed below. +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of | No. of | | | | TLDs | Labels | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Name | Name | 47 | 5 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Fax | Fax | 43 | 6 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Email | Email Address | 42 | 7 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Country | Country | 38 | 4 | | Code | | | | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Phone | Phone Number | 34 | 6 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing ID | Billing ID | 28 | 9 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing City | Billing City | 28 | 4 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing | Billing | 28 | 5 | | Organization | Organization | | | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Postal | Billing Postal | 27 | 4 | | Code | Code | | | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing | Billing | 21 | 4 | | State/Province | State/Province | | | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Street | Billing Street1 | 19 | 13 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Country | Billing Country | 13 | 5 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Phone Ext. | Billing Phone Ext. | 10 | 2 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Billing Fax Ext | Billing Fax Ext | 10 | 2 | +--------------------+--------------------+-----------+-------------+ Billing Contact Among all the data elements, "Billing Name", "Tech Fax" and "Billing Email" are the top three data elements. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 17] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.2.3. WHOIS Data for Nameservers 114 registries (about 92% of all the 124 registries) have the "nameserver" data element in their WHOIS responses. However, there are 63 different labels for this element. The top three labels for this element are "Name Server" which is supported by 25% of all the registries, "Name Servers" which is supported by 16% of all the registries and "nserver" which is supported by 12% of all the registries. +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of TLDs | No. of Labels | +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+ | NameServer | Name Server | 114 | 63 | +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+ WHOIS Data for Nameservers Some registries have nameserver elements such like "nameserver 1", "nameserver 2" till "nameserver n". Thus, there are more labels than of other data elements. 5.2.4. WHOIS Data for Registrars There are three data elements about registrar information. +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of | No. of | | | | TLDs | Labels | +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Sponsoring | Registrar | 84 | 6 | | Registrar | | | | +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Created by | Created by | 14 | 3 | | Registrar | | | | +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+ | Updated by | Last Updated by | 11 | 3 | | Registrar | Registrar | | | +-------------------+---------------------+-----------+-------------+ WHOIS Data for Registrars 67.7% of the registries have "Sponsoring Registrar" data element. Elements such as "Created by Registrar" and "Updated by Registrar" are supported by 11.3% and 8.9% of the registries. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 18] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.3. Other Objects So-called "other objects" are those data elements that are self- designed or are difficult to be classified. There are 392 other objects altogether. The following tables lists the top 50 other objects according to the data collection result. +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Data Element | No. of TLDs | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registrant | 41 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Phone | 32 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Technical contact | 26 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Administrative contact | 15 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | source | 14 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | fax-no | 13 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | nic-hdl | 13 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Billing Contact | 12 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | referral url | 11 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | e-mail | 10 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | WHOIS server | 9 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Admin Contact | 9 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Type | 9 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Website | 9 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | zone-c | 8 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | remarks | 7 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registration URL | 6 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | anonymous | 6 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | anniversary | 6 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 19] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 | hold | 6 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | nsl-id | 6 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | obsoleted | 6 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Customer Service Contact | 5 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Customer Service Email | 4 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registrar ID | 4 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | org | 4 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | person | 4 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Maintainer | 4 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Nombre | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Sponsoring Registrar IANA ID | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Trademark Number | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Trademark Country | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | descr | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | url | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Postal address | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registrar URL | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | International Name | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | International Address | 3 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Admin Contacts | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Contractual Language | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Date Trademark Registered | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Date Trademark Applied For | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | IP Address | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 20] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 | Keys | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Language | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | NIC handle | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Record maintained by | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registration Service Provider | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registration Service Provided By | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ | Registrar URL (registration services) | 2 | +----------------------------------------+-------------+ The Top 50 Other Objects Some registries returned things that looked like labels, but were not. For example, in this reply: Registrant: Name: Email: ... "Name" and "Email" appeared to be data elements, but "Registrant" was not. The inventory work proceeded on that assumption, i.e., there were two data elements to be recorded in this example. Some other data elements, like "Remarks", "anniversary" and "Customer service Contact" etc., are designed particularly for their own purpose by different registries. 5.4. Conclusion 5.4.1. Preliminary Statistics Some preliminary conclusions could be drawn from the raw data. o All of the 124 domain registries have the object names in their responses although they are in various formats. o Of the 118 WHOIS services contacted, 65 registries show their registrant contact. About half of the registries (60 registries) support admin contact information. There are 47 registries, which is about one third of the total number, have technical and billing Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 21] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 contact information. Only seven of all the 124 registries give their abuse email in a "remarks" section. No explicit abuse contact information is provided. o There are mainly two presentation formats. One is key:value, the other is data block format. Example of key-value format: Domain Information Query: na-nic.com.na Status: Delegated Created: 17 Apr 2004 Modified: 14 Nov 2010 Expires: 31 Dec 9999 Name Servers: oshikoko.omadhina.net ns1.na.afrisp.net ns2.na.afrisp.net ... Example of data block format: Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 22] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 WHOIS database domain nic.vg Domain Name nic.vg Registered 1998-09-02 Expiry 2012-09-02 Resource Records a 195.153.6.27 mx 10 terpsichore.william.org www a 195.153.6.27 Contact details Registrant, Technical Contact, Billing Contact, Admin. Contact AdamsNames Reserved Domains (i) These domains are not available for registration United Kingdom Identifier: neams048s Servidor WHOIS de NIC-Venezuela (.VE) Este servidor contiene informacion autoritativa exclusivamente de dominios .VE Cualquier consulta sobre este servicio, puede hacerla al correo electronico whois@nic.ve Titular: Jhonny Valera (nic.ve-dom) jhovalera@conatel.gob.ve Comision Nacional de Telecomunicaciones Av. Veracruz con calle Cali, Edif Aguila, Urb. Las Mercedes Caracas, Distrito Capital VE 0212-9090493 (FAX) +582127718599 o 11 registries give local script responses. The WHOIS information of other registries are all represented in English. 5.4.2. Data Elements Analysis The top 10 data elements are as follows: Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 23] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 +----------------------+-------------+ | Data Element | No. of TLDs | +----------------------+-------------+ | Domain Name | 118 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Name Server | 114 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Creation Date | 106 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Domain Status | 95 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Sponsoring Registrar | 84 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Expiration Date | 81 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Updated Date | 70 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Registrant Name | 65 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Admin Street | 64 | +----------------------+-------------+ | Admin Name | 60 | +----------------------+-------------+ The Top 10 Data Elements Most of the domain related WHOIS information is included in the top 10 data elements. Other information like name server and registrar name are also supported by most registries. A cumulative distribution analysis of all the data elements was done. (1) About 5% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work are supported by over 111 (90%) registries. (2) About 30% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work are supported by over 44 (35%) registries. (3) About 60% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work are supported by over 32 (26%) registries. (4) About 90% of the data elements discovered by the inventory work are supported by over 14 (11%) registries. From the above result, it is clear that only a few registries support all the public objects, most of the registries support just parts of all the objects. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 24] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 5.4.3. Labels Analysis The top 10 labels of different data elements include: +-------------------+---------------+ | Labels | No. of Labels | +-------------------+---------------+ | Name Server | 63 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Creation Date | 24 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Expiration Date | 21 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Updated Date | 20 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Admin Street | 19 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Tech ID | 18 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Registrant Street | 16 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Admin ID | 16 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Tech Street | 16 | +-------------------+---------------+ | Billing Street | 13 | +-------------------+---------------+ The Top 10 Labels As explained above, the "Name Server" label is a unique example that many registries define the name server elements from "nameserver 1" till "nameserver n". Thus, the count of labels for name servers is much higher than other elements. Data elements representing dates and street addresses were also common. A cumulative distribution analysis of label numbers was done. About 90% of data elements have more than two labels. It is therefore necessary to specify a standard and unified format for object names in a WHOIS response. 5.4.4. Other Objects Analysis The results indicate that there are 392 other data objects in total that are not easy to be classified or are privately defined by various registries. The top 50 other objects are listed in the table in section 4.3. It is clear that various different objects are designed for some particular purpose. In order to ensure uniqueness Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 25] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 of JSON names used in the RDAP service, establishment of an IANA registry is advised. 5.5. Limitations This section enumerates limitations of the survey and some assumptions that were made in the execution of this work. o The input "nic.ccTLD" maybe is not a good choice. o 11 registries did not provide responses in English. The classification of data elements within their responses may not be accurate. o The extension data elements are used randomly by different registries. It is difficult to do statistical analysis. o Sample sizes of contact, name server and registrar queries are small. * Only WHOIS queries for contact ID, nameserver and registrar were used. * Some registries may not support contact, name server or registrar queries. * Some may not support query contact by ID. * Contact information of some registries may be protected. 6. Reference Extension Objects There are some objects that are included in the existing WHOIS system but not mentioned in [I-D.ietf-weirds-json-response]. This document is intended to give a list of reference extension objects for discussion. 6.1. RIR Reference Extension Objects o company -- the company name registered by the registrant. o maintainer -- authentication information that identifies who can modify the contents of this object. o list of resources -- include a list of all the Internet resources assigned to this organization. o referral NOC contact -- the Network Operation Center contact. Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 26] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 6.2. DNR Reference Extension Objects The following objects are selected from the top 50 other objects in section 5.3 that are supported by more than five registries. These objects are considered as possible extension objects. o zone-c -- The handle of a 'role' object with authority over a zone. o maintainer -- authentication information that identifies who can modify the contents of this object. o Registration URL -- typically the website address of a registry. o anonymous -- whether the registration information is anonymous or not. o hold -- whether the domain is "on hold" or not. o nsl-id -- nameserver list ID. o obsoleted -- whether a domain is obsoleted or not. o Customer Service Contact -- a kind of contact. 7. IANA Considerations This document does not specify any IANA actions. [RFC Editor: Please delete this section prior to publication.] 8. Security considerations This document does not provide any other security services or introduce any additional considerations. 9. Acknowledgements This document has been reviewed and improved by the WEIRDS working group. The authors especially thank the following individuals who gave their suggestions and contributions to this document: Guangqing Deng, Frederico A C Neves, Ray Bellis, Edward Shryane, Kaveh Ranjbar, Murray Kucherawy and Edward Lewis. 10. References Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 27] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 10.1. Normative References [I-D.ietf-weirds-json-response] Newton, A. and S. Hollenbeck, "JSON Responses for the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)", draft-ietf- weirds-json-response-08 (work in progress), August 2014. [RFC2622] Alaettinoglu, C., Villamizar, C., Gerich, E., Kessens, D., Meyer, D., Bates, T., Karrenberg, D., and M. Terpstra, "Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL)", RFC 2622, June 1999. [RFC3912] Daigle, L., "WHOIS Protocol Specification", RFC 3912, September 2004. [RFC5730] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)", STD 69, RFC 5730, August 2009. [RFC5731] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Domain Name Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5731, August 2009. [RFC5732] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Host Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5732, August 2009. [RFC5733] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Contact Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5733, August 2009. [RFC5890] Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA): Definitions and Document Framework", RFC 5890, August 2010. 10.2. Informative References [ICANN.AGB-201206] ICANN, "gTLD Applicant Guidebook", June 2012, . [Stat-Data-File] Kong, N., Zhou, L., and G. Deng, "WHOIS Statistics Data File", July 2012, . Appendix A. Change Log Initial -00: Adopted as working group document. -01: Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 28] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 * Added Change Log section. * Added RIR data objects. * Exchanged section 2 and section 3. -02: * Modified some object names in the section of RIR Objects Analysis. * Added reference extension objects. -03: * Updated to the keep-alive version. Changed the expiry dates and the draft number. -04: * Updated based on Murray's and Edward's comments during the WG last call. Authors' Addresses Linlin Zhou CNNIC 4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing, Beijing 100190 China Phone: +86 10 5881 2677 Email: zhoulinlin@cnnic.cn Ning Kong CNNIC 4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing, Beijing 100190 China Phone: +86 10 5881 3147 Email: nkong@cnnic.cn Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 29] Internet-Draft Registration Data Object Inventory September 2014 Sean Shen CNNIC 4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District Beijing, Beijing 100190 China Phone: +86 10 5881 3038 Email: shenshuo@cnnic.cn Steve Sheng ICANN 12025 Waterfront Drive, Suite 300 Los Angeles, CA 90094-2536 USA Phone: +1 310 301 5800 Email: steve.sheng@icann.org Arturo Servin LACNIC Rambla Mexico 6125 Montevideo, Montevideo 11400 Uruguay Phone: +598-2604-2222 Email: aservin@lacnic.net Zhou, et al. Expires March 24, 2015 [Page 30]