Individual Submission B. Patil, Ed. Internet-Draft T. Savolainen Intended status: Standards Track J. Nieminen Expires: September 8, 2011 M. Isomaki Nokia Z. Shelby Sensinode March 7, 2011 Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Bluetooth Low Energy draft-patil-6lowpan-v6over-btle-00 Abstract Bluetooth low energy is a low power air interface technology that is defined by the bluetooth SIG. The standard bluetooth radio has been widely implemented and available in mobile phones, notebook computers, audio headsets and many other devices. The low power version of bluetooth is a new specification and enables the use of this air interface with devices such as sensors, smart meters, applicances, etc. There is an added value in the ability to communicate with sensors over IPv6. This document describes how IPv6 is transported over bluetooth low energy using 6LoWPAN techniques. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on September 8, 2011. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Patil, et al. Expires September 8, 2011 [Page 1] Internet-Draft IPv6 over BT-LE March 2011 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Bluetooth Low Energy protocol stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. IPv6 profile for BT-LE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1. Base specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2. BT-LE specific properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.2.1. Header Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. Additional contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Appendix A. Bluetooth Low energy basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Patil, et al. Expires September 8, 2011 [Page 2] Internet-Draft IPv6 over BT-LE March 2011 1. Introduction Bluetooth Low Energy (BT-LE) is a radio technology targeted for devices that operate with coin cell batteries, which means that low power consumption is essential. BT-LE can also be integrated into existing Bluetooth (BT) devices so that devices such as mobile phones and PCs can operate with existing BT accessories as well as BT-LE accessories. An example of a use case for BT-LE accessory is a heart rate monitor that sends data via the mobile phone to a server on the Internet. BT-LE is designed for transferring small amount of data (in most cases less than 10bytes) less frequently (e.g. every 500ms) at modest data rates (e.g. 300kbps). BT-LE enables low cost sensors to send their data over the Internet via a gateway such as a mobile phone. BT-LE is especially attractive technology for Internet of Things applications, such as health monitors, environmental sensing and proximity applications. Considering the expected explosion in the number of sensors, IPv6 is an ideal protocol due to the large address space it provides. This document describes how IPv6 is used on Bluetooth Low Energy links in a power efficient manner along with efficient application protocols that enable the integration of BT-LE devices into services. [RFC4944] specifies the transmission of IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4. The bluetooth low energy link in many respects has similar characteristics to that of IEEE 802.15.4. Many of the mechanisms defined in [RFC4944] can be applied to the transmission of IPv6 on bluetooth low energy links. This document specifies the details of IPv6 transmission over blue-tooth low energy links. 1.1. Requirements Language The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 2. Bluetooth Low Energy protocol stack The Bluetooth Network Encapsulation Protocol (BNEP) has been developed for encapsulating any network protocol for Bluetooth Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol(L2CAP). BNEP assumes that L2CAP supports connection oriented channel. A connection oriented channel needs to be added to the current BT-LE specification, over which BNEP, parts of 6LoWPAN, IPv6 and application protocols can be run. Figure 1 illustrates IPv6 over BT-LE stack. Patil, et al. Expires September 8, 2011 [Page 3] Internet-Draft IPv6 over BT-LE March 2011 Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is an application protocol specifically designed for resource constrained environments. CoAP could be run on top of IPv6 supporting requests from the server and requests of cached replies from a CoAP/HTTP proxy in the BT-LE gateway. BT-LE technology sets limitations to protocol overhead such as header sizes. +-------------------+ | Applications | +-------------------+ | CoAP/HTTP | +-------------------+ | Compressed IPv6 | +-------------------+ | BNEP | +-------------------+ | BT-LE L2CAP | +-------------------+ | BT-LE Physical | +-------------------+ IPv6 over BT-LE stack 3. IPv6 profile for BT-LE 3.1. Base specifications A BT-LE needs to support following specifications in order to support IPv6: 1. Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks [RFC4994] 2. Compression Format for IPv6 Datagrams in Low Power and Lossy Networks (6LoWPAN) [I-D.ietf-6lowpan-hc] 3. Neighbor Discovery Optimization for Low-power and Lossy Networks [I-D.ietf-6lowpan-hc] 3.2. BT-LE specific properties 3.2.1. Header Compression In BT-LE link with header compression IPv6 header (originally 40 Bytes) can be compressed to only 2 Bytes with link-local addresses Patil, et al. Expires September 8, 2011 [Page 4] Internet-Draft IPv6 over BT-LE March 2011 and 26 Bytes with Global addresses. UDP header (originally 8 Bytes) can be compressed to 4 Bytes. 4. Additional contributors Kanji Kerai and Jari Mutikainen from Nokia have contributed significantly to this document. 5. IANA Considerations This document does not have any IANA requests at this time. This may change with further development of the specification. 6. Security Considerations The transmission of IPv6 over bluetooth low energy links has similar requirements and concerns for security as zigbee. Security at the IP layer needs to be reviewed as part of the development of the IPv6 over bluetooth low energy specification. 7. Normative References [I-D.ietf-6lowpan-hc] Hui, J. and P. Thubert, "Compression Format for IPv6 Datagrams in Low Power and Lossy Networks (6LoWPAN)", draft-ietf-6lowpan-hc-15 (work in progress), February 2011. [I-D.ietf-6lowpan-nd] Shelby, Z., Chakrabarti, S., and E. Nordmark, "Neighbor Discovery Optimization for Low-power and Lossy Networks", draft-ietf-6lowpan-nd-15 (work in progress), December 2010. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. [RFC4944] Montenegro, G., Kushalnagar, N., Hui, J., and D. Culler, "Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks", RFC 4944, September 2007. [RFC4994] Zeng, S., Volz, B., Kinnear, K., and J. Brzozowski, "DHCPv6 Relay Agent Echo Request Option", RFC 4994, September 2007. Patil, et al. Expires September 8, 2011 [Page 5] Internet-Draft IPv6 over BT-LE March 2011 Appendix A. Bluetooth Low energy basics This section will provide background material on the basics of bluetooth low energy. Authors' Addresses Basavaraj Patil (editor) Nokia 6021 Connection drive Irving, TX 75039 USA Email: basavaraj.patil@nokia.com Teemu Savolainen Nokia Hermiankatu 12 D FI-33720 Tampere Finland Email: teemu.savolainen@nokia.com Johanna Nieminen Nokia Helsinki Finland Email: johanna.1.nieminen@nokia.com Markus Isomaki Nokia Espoo Finland Email: markus.isomaki@nokia.com Zach Shelby Sensinode Patil, et al. Expires September 8, 2011 [Page 6]