MIF Working Group P. Kim Internet-Draft KPU Intended status: Experimental Expires: September 7, 2011 March 6, 2011 A Measurement Scheme of IP Performance Metrics for Mobile Networks with Multiple Access Network Interfaces draft-pskim-mif-performance-metrics-00.txt Abstract This draft proposes a measurement scheme of IP performance metrics for mobile networks with multiple interfaces in heterogeneous wireless networks. In the proposed scheme, mobile nodes (MNs) can get IP performance metrics irrespective of the presence or absence of measurement functionality. Since the multihomed mobile router (MMR) with heterogeneous wireless multiple interfaces measures IP performance metrics on behalf of the MNs inside the mobile network, the proposed scheme does not require MNs to be involved in measuring IP performance metrics. MNs can get measured IP performance metrics from the MMR using L3 messages. Therefore, the proposed scheme can reduce burden and power consumption of MNs with limited resource and battery power since MNs don't measure directly IP performance metrics. In addition, the proposed scheme can reduce considerably traffic overhead over wireless links on multiple measurement paths since signaling messages and injected testing traffic are reduced. Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." This Internet-Draft will expire on September 7, 2011. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Measurement of IPPMs for MIF Mar 2011 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Simplified BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Links on End-to-End Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Proposed Measurement Scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1 Functional Entities on End-to-End Path . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.2 Operation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1. Introduction Today's mobile hosts often have wireless multiple access network interfaces such as WLAN(802.11a/b/g), WMAN(802.16e, WiBro), WWAN(3G, HSDPA), WPAN(802.15) to access the Internet. This means that mobile hosts have the ability to attach to multiple networks simultaneously. Currently, the multiple interfaces (MIF) working group in IETF is describing the issues of attaching to multiple networks on hosts and document existing practice [MIF-PS]. Once wireless multiple interfaces are offered, users may want to select the most appropriate set of wireless interface(s) depending on the network environment, particularly in wireless networks which are mutable and less reliable than wired networks. Users may also want to select the most appropriate wireless interface per communication type or to combine a set of interfaces to get sufficient bandwidth or more bandwidth using bandwidth aggregation mechanism [KIM2009]. In the near future, airplanes, automobiles, and even people will carry entire networks of IP devices that connect to the Internet, which is called the mobile network. To deal with the mobility support of mobile networks, the IETF created a set of Network Mobility (NEMO) protocols. Through NEMO protocols, mobile nodes (MNs) on the mobile network are unaware of their network's mobility; however, they are provided with uninterrupted Internet access even when the network changes its attachment point to the Internet [RFC3963]. Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Measurement of IPPMs for MIF Mar 2011 Meanwhile, measuring IP performance metrics, such as delay, jitter, bandwidth, packet loss, etc., is a very challenging task due to the heterogeneity of the current systems and the different traffic characteristics of different data flows [RFC2330][KIM2009]. In the recent decade, the IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) working group has defined a set of standard metrics and developed schemes for accurately measuring these performance metrics. In this draft, a measurement scheme of IP performance metrics is considered for the mobile network in heterogeneous wireless networks. There can be often many MNs in the mobile network. The mobile router (MR) of the mobile network is capable of changing its point of attachment to the Internet without disrupting higher layer connections of attached devices. To consider heterogeneous wireless networks, the MR is assumed to be multi-homing, that is, have heterogeneous multiple wireless interfaces and thus called the multihomed MR (MMR). The MMR enables the multi-path communication outside the mobile network. Thus, MNs inside the mobile network can select the most appropriate communication path depending on the network environment and then communicate with corresponding hosts, such as the IPTV server, media streaming server, web server, FTP server, etc, via the MMR. If MNs want to understand the condition of multiple communication paths, they will measure directly IP performance metrics for each path. Therefore, all MNs inside the mobile network are required to be involved in measuring IP performance metrics and thus have to implement measurement functionality, which can be somewhat burdensome and power consumptive for MNs with limited resource and battery power. In addition, there can be the number of measurement signaling messages and injected testing traffic as shown in the active measurement techniques [RFC2330][Kim2009], which can cause considerable traffic overhead over wireless links on measurement paths. Therefore, in this paper, a measurement scheme of IP performance metrics is proposed for the mobile network in heterogeneous wireless networks. In the proposed scheme, when MNs inside the mobile network want to understand the condition of multiple communication paths outside the mobile network, they can get IP performance metrics irrespective of the presence or absence of measurement functionality. That is, the proposed scheme does not require the MN to be involved in measuring IP performance metrics. Instead, the MMR measures IP performance metrics on behalf of the MNs inside the mobile network. Then, MNs can get measured IP performance metrics from the MMR using L3 messages. These L3 messages can be defined newly or reused by existing Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) messages in [RFC4443]. The proposed scheme can reduce burden and power consumption of MNs with limited resource and battery power since MNs don't measure directly IP performance metrics. In addition, the proposed scheme can reduce considerably traffic overhead over wireless links on measurement paths since signaling Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Measurement of IPPMs for MIF Mar 2011 messages and injected testing traffic are reduced. 2. Links on End-to-End Path This draft considers the mobile network in heterogeneous wireless networks. The mobile router (MR) is capable of changing its point of attachment to the mobile network, moving from one link to another link. To consider heterogeneous wireless networks, the MR is assumed to be multi-homing and thus called the multihomed MR (MMR). The MMR has heterogeneous multiple network interfaces which are categorized by internal and external wireless interfaces. With the consideration of coverage and bandwidth, internal wireless interfaces attached to MNs inside the mobile network would be WLAN(802.11a/b/g) and external wireless interfaces attached to external base stations would be WMAN(802.16e, WiBro) and WWAN(3G, HSDPA). Therefore, the MMR enables the multi-path communication outside the mobile network through these heterogeneous wireless interfaces. Meanwhile, MNs inside the mobile network are assumed to have single wireless interface or heterogeneous multiple wireless interfaces. Corresponding hosts (CHs) can be the IPTV server, media streaming server, web server, FTP server, etc. MNs inside the mobile network can communicate with CHs on multiple paths via the MMR. The end-to-end multi-path from MNs inside the mobile network to CHs outside the mobile network via the MMR consists of following three links. Inside the mobile network, the WLAN(802.11a/b/g) will be generally adopted as an air technology due to high transmission speed and moderate coverage. Thus, MNs with WLAN interface can communicate via the MMR with internal WLAN interface inside the mobile network. Outside the mobile network, WMAN(802.16e, WiBro) and WWAN(3G, HSDPA) will be generally adopted as an air technology due to wide coverage. Thus, the MMR with external WMAN and WWAN interfaces can communicate via corresponding base stations (BSs). However, in this wireless link, it is difficult to expect higher transmission speed than that of the wireless link between MNs and MMR using WLAN. The link between external BSs and CHs consists generally of routers with high processing speed and wired networks with high transmission speed. 3. Proposed Measurement Scheme If MNs inside the mobile network measure directly IP performance metrics, they are required to be involved in the measurement procedure and thus have to implement measurement functionality, which can be somewhat burdensome and power consumptive for MNs with limited resource and battery power. In addition, there can be the number of measurement signaling messages and injected testing traffic, which can cause considerable traffic overhead over the wireless links, such as link between MN and MMR, and link between MMR and external BS, on measurement paths. In addition, as Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Measurement of IPPMs for MIF Mar 2011 mentioned previous section, the wireless link between MMR and external BS is likely to be overloaded network link, that is, "bottleneck link". Moreover, if there are many mobile networks connected to external BS, this link is likely to be "tight link". This means that IP performance metrics of the end-to-end multi-path might be mostly influenced by the wireless link between MMR and external BS. With the consideration of these problems, a measurement scheme of IP performance metrics is proposed for the mobile network in heterogeneous wireless networks. In the proposed scheme, when MNs inside the mobile network want to understand the condition of multiple communication paths outside the mobile network, they can get IP performance metrics irrespective of the presence or absence of measurement functionality. Since the MMR with heterogeneous wireless interfaces measures IP performance metrics on behalf of the MNs inside the mobile network, the proposed scheme does not require MNs to be involved in measuring IP performance metrics. 3.1 Functional Entities on End-to-End Path Functional entities on the end-to-end measurement path consist of MNs, MMR, and measurement server. MNs inside the mobile network are assumed to have a single wireless interface or heterogeneous multiple wireless interfaces. When MNs want to get IP performance metrics to understand the condition of multiple communication paths, they can request to the MMR using the L3 message. Also, MNs can get IP performance metrics that the MMR provides periodically. The MMR measures IP performance metrics on behalf of the MNs inside the mobile network. Since the MMR have heterogeneous external wireless interfaces such as WMAN and WWAN, the MMR enables the multi-path communication outside the mobile network and thus can measure IP performance metrics for all paths through these heterogeneous external wireless interfaces. The measurement server is a host that receives testing traffic, calculates performance statistics, and response results of IP performance metrics to the MMR. 3.2 Operation Procedure On the multi-path between the MMR and the measurement server, IP performance metrics can be measured using existing measurement schemes. Existing measurement schemes can be classified into two categories: passive measurement and active measurement. Passive measurement schemes use the trace history of existing data transmission. While potentially very efficient and accurate, their scope is limited to network paths that have recently carried user traffic. Active measurement schemes, on the other hand, require injecting testing traffic into network in order to realize measurements. The basic idea of active measurement is that the MMR injects test traffic into the multi-path to the measurement server. Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Measurement of IPPMs for MIF Mar 2011 Then, the measurement server receives testing traffic, calculates performance statistics, and response results of IP performance metrics to the MMR. The MMR receives and stores them to provide for MNs inside the mobile network. When MNs want to get IP performance metrics from the MMR to understand the condition of multiple communication paths, following two methods can be available: - Unsolicited Reqeust and Response : Irrespective of the request of MNs, the MMR broadcasts periodically measured IP performances metrics to MNs inside the mobile network. - Solicited Request and Response : A specific MN requests and then the MMR unicasts measured IP performance metrics to the corresponding MN. Request and Response messages can be defined by the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message format in [RFC4443]. For example, for unsolicited request and response, the unsolicited router advertisement (RA) message format in [RFC2461] can be reused by the modification of type field. For solicited request and response, route solicitation (RS) and router advertisement (RA) message formats in [RFC2461] can be reused by the modification of type field. Using obtained IP performance metrics, MNs can understand the condition of multiple communication paths for heterogeneous multiple wireless interfaces. Then, MNs may want to select the most appropriate path per communication type. If the condition of all communication paths is unfavorable, MNs with heterogeneous multiple wireless interfaces can connect to the corresponding BS directly, not via the MMR. The proposed scheme can reduce burden and power consumption of MNs with limited resource and battery power since MNs don't measure directly IP performance metrics. In addition, the proposed scheme can reduce considerably traffic overhead over wireless links on measurement paths since signaling messages and injected testing traffic are reduced. 4. IANA Considerations This document has no IANA actions. 5. References 5.1. Normative References [RFC2330] V. Paxson, G. Alimes, J. Mahdavi and M. Mathis, "Framework for IP Performance Metrics," IETF RFC 2330, May 1998. Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Measurement of IPPMs for MIF Mar 2011 [RFC3963] Thubert, P., A. Petrescu, R. Wakikawa and V. Devarapalli, "Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol," RFC 3963, Jan 2005. [RFC4443] Conta, A., S. Deering, M. Gupta, "Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification," IETF RFC 4443, March 2006. [RFC2461] Narten, T., E. Nordmark, W. Simpson, "Neighbor Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)," IETF RFC 2461, December 1998. 5.2. Informative References [MIF-PS] Blanchet, M. and P. eite, "Multiple Interfaces and Provisioning Domains Problem Statement", draft-ietf-mif-problem-statement-09.txt (work in progress), Oct 2010. [KIM2009] P. S. Kim and J. H. Choi, "A new mechanism for available bandwidth estimation," Journal of Convergence Information Technology, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 72~76, 2009. [IEEE21] IEEE802.21/D09.00, "Draft standard for local and metropolitan area networks : Media independent handover services," Feb 2008. Author's Address Pyung-Soo Kim Department of Electronics Engineering, Korea Polytechnic University, 2121 Jungwang-Dong, Shiheung City, Gyeonggi-Do 429-793 KOREA Phone: +82 31 8041 0489 EMail: poongdou@gmail.com Kim Expires September 7, 2011 [Page 7]