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BGP Connection Collision
Connection collision occurs as a BGP speaker currently plays both the active role and the passive role.
Complications by connection collision
Overly complex state machine
State machine: one set vs. two sets
Intricate interaction and timing of two sockets and one session
Connection collision resolution requires more than just closing one of the connections!
It has been a challenge to make the BGP session bring-up code robust
Fixes have been going on for years!

PPT Version