Network Working Group                              J.L. Le Roux (Editor)
                                                          France Telecom
IETF Internet Draft                                J.P. Vasseur (Editor)
                                                       Cisco System Inc.
Proposed Status: Standard Track                          Seisho Yasukawa
Expires: January April 2007                                                  NTT

                                                               July
                                                        Martin Vigoureux
                                                                 Alcatel

                                                            October 2006

      IGP Routing extensions for discovery of P2MP TE LSP Leaf LSRs

                draft-leroux-mpls-p2mp-te-autoleaf-01.txt

                draft-leroux-mpls-p2mp-te-autoleaf-02.txt

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Abstract

   The

   In various situations, such as TV broadcasting with several regional
   sources, it is required to setup of a Point To MultiPoint series of Point-To-MultiPoint
   (P2MP) Traffic Engineering Label Switched Path Paths (TE LSP) requires the LSPs) between a
   set of head-end Label Switching Router
   (LSR) Routers (LSRs) and a group of leaf
   LSRs referred to as a Leaf Group. Setting up such a series of P2MP TE
   LSPs requires for the set of head-end LSRs to be aware of all leaf LSRs. This
   LSRs, which may require lead to the potentially cumbersome configuration of potentially a potentially
   large number of leaf LSRs on the P2MP TE LSP each head-end LSR. Also LSRs. Furthermore leaf
   LSRs may want to dynamically join or leave a P2MP TE LSP Leaf Group without
   requiring manual configuration on the head-end LSR. LSRs. This document
   specifies IGP routing extensions for ISIS IS-IS and OSPF so as to provide
   an automatic discovery of the set of leaf LSRs members of a P2MP TE-LSP, also
   referred to as a P2MP TE Leaf
   Group, in order to automate the creation and modification of such a series
   of P2MP TE LSP. TE-LSPs.

Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119.

Table of Contents

   1.      Terminology.................................................2      Note........................................................3
   2.      Introduction................................................2      Terminology.................................................3
   3.      P2MP TE Group...............................................3
   3.1.    Description.................................................3
   3.2.    Required Information........................................3      Introduction................................................3
   4.      P2MP-TE-GROUP TLV formats...................................4      Leaf Group..................................................4
   4.1.    Description.................................................4
   4.2.    Required Information........................................4
   5.      LEAF-GROUP TLV formats......................................4
   5.1.    OSPF P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format...............................4
   4.2. format..................................4
   5.2.    IS-IS P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format..............................5
   5. format.................................6
   6.      Elements of procedure.......................................6
   5.1.    OSPF........................................................6
   5.2.    ISIS........................................................7
   6.      Backward compatibility......................................8 procedure.......................................7
   6.1.    OSPF........................................................7
   6.2.    IS-IS.......................................................8
   7.      IANA Considerations.........................................8
   7.1.    OSPF........................................................8
   7.2.    ISIS........................................................8      Backward compatibility......................................9
   8.      Security Considerations.....................................8      IANA Considerations.........................................9
   8.1.    OSPF........................................................9
   8.2.    IS-IS.......................................................9
   9.      References..................................................8
   9.1.      Security Considerations....................................10
   10.     References.................................................10
   10.1.   Normative references........................................8
   9.2. references.......................................10
   10.2.   Informative References......................................9
   10.     Authors' Address...........................................10 References.....................................11
   11.     Authors' Address...........................................11
   12.     Intellectual Property Statement............................10 Statement............................12

1. Note

   This document defines the concept of “Auto-leaf” along with the
   required IS-IS and OSPF extensions that may be described in separate
   documents at a later stage.

2. Terminology

   This document uses terminologies defined in [RFC3031], [RFC3209],
   [RFC4461], and [P2MP-RSVP-TE].

2. [RSVP-P2MP-TE].

3. Introduction

   [P2MP-RSVP]

   [RSVP-P2MP-TE] defines RSVP-TE extensions for setting up P2MP TE
   LSPs, with one ingress head-end LSR and a set of one or more egress leaf LSRs
   (leaves).

   In various situations, such as for instance TV broadcasting with
   several non collocated sources, it is required to setup a series of
   P2MP TE LSPs between a set of head-end LSRs and a common group of
   leaf LSRs, that is a series of P2MP TE-LSPs with distinct head-end
   LSRs and the same group of leaf LSRs. Such a group of leaf LSRs is
   referred to as a "P2MP Leaf Group". The setup of such a P2MP TE LSP
   series requires the ingress LSR for each head-end LSRs to be aware of all leaf LSRs. In operational networks LSRs
   in the P2MP TE LSPs may comprise Leaf Group. It is not uncommon for a P2MP Leaf Group to
   contain a significant number of leaf LSRs LSRs, and this there may require be a
   potentially large number of head-end LSRs. In such situations, this
   requires cumbersome configuration of all leaf LSRs on the Ingress LSR, each head-end
   LSRs, prone to misconfiguration.

   Also

   Furthermore, Leaf LSRs may desire to dynamically join or leave a P2MP TE LSP.
   Leaf Group.

   Hence an automatic mechanism for discovering allowing head-end LSRs to discover the
   leaf LSRs that want willing to join or leave a P2MP TE LSP is desired. Leaf Group would undoubtedly
   ease the configuration task.

   This document specifies IGP (OSPF and IS-IS) extensions so as to
   automatically discover the leaf LSRs of a P2MP TE LSP also referred
   to as a "P2MP TE Group". Leaf Group. Note that the mechanism(s)
   mechanisms needed for the dynamic creation of P2MP TE LSPs and
   dynamic Leaf addition/removal (grafting/pruning), is are implementation
   specific and outside the scope of this document. An implementation
   should take special care of implementing the appropriate dampening
   mechanisms to avoid any unacceptable impact on the IGP scalability.

   Routing extensions have been defined in [OSPF-CAP] and [ISIS-CAP] in
   order to advertise router capabilities. This document specifies IGP
   (OSPF and ISIS) P2MP TE Leaf Group TLVs allowing for the automatic
   discovery of a P2MP TE LSP leaf LSR, an LSR to advertise its
   desire to join/leave one or more Leaf Group(s), to be carried in the
   OSPF Router Information LSA [OSPF-CAP] and ISIS IS-IS Router Capability
   TLV [ISIS-CAP].

3. This allows the automatic creation and modification
   of a series of P2MP TE LSPs without manual intervention.

4. Leaf Group

3.1.

4.1. Description

   A P2MP TE Leaf Group is defined as the set a group of leaf LSRs LSRs, which are leaves of a
   series of one or more P2MP TE LSP. LSPs. Routing extensions are specified
   in this document allowing for dynamic discovery of the P2MP TE Leaf Group
   members. Procedures are also specified for a member to join or leave
   a P2MP TE Leaf group.

   An LSR may belong to multiple P2MP TE Group.

3.2. Leaf Groups.

4.2. Required Information

   This document specifies a P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV that indicates the set of
   P2MP TE
   Leaf Group(s) an LSR belongs to. For each P2MP TE group Leaf Group membership
   announced by an LSR, the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV advertises the following
   information:

   - A P2MP TE group is used to advertise a Leaf
   Group number identifying the P2MP TE Leaf group the LSR belongs to;
   - A Leaf LSR address used by the Ingress LSR to signal a S2L sub-LSP
      to the advertising LSR for this P2MP TE group.

4. P2MP-TE-GROUP to.

5. LEAF-GROUP TLV formats

4.1.

5.1. OSPF P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format

   The format of the OSPF P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is the same as the TLV format
   used by the Traffic Engineering Extensions to OSPF [OSPF-TE]. That
   is, the TLV is composed of 2 octets for the type, 2 octets specifying
   the TLV length and a value field.  The TLV is zero padded to
   four-octet four-
   octet alignment; padding is not included in the length field (so a
   three octet value would have a length of three, but the total size of
   the TLV would be eight octets).

   The OSPF P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is used to advertise the desire of an LSR to
   join/leave a given P2MP TE LSP. set of one or more Leaf Group(s).

   The OSPF IPv4 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (advertised in an OSPF router
   information OSPFv2 Router
   Information LSA defined in [OSPF-CAP]) has the following format:

      TYPE: To be assigned by IANA (Suggested Value: 5)
      LENGTH: Variable (>=8, multiple of 4)
      VALUE:
    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                   P2MP TE Group Number                        |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                   Leaf LSR IPv4 address                       |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                       Leaf Group Number 1                     |
   //                                                               //
    |                       Leaf Group Number N                     |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

               Figure 1 - IPv4 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format

   The OSPF IPv6 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (advertised in an OSPF router
   information OSPFv3 Router
   Information LSA defined in [OSPF-CAP]) has the following format:

      TYPE: To be assigned by IANA (Suggested Value: 6)
      LENGTH: Variable (>= 20, multiple of 4)
      VALUE:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                   P2MP TE Group Number                        |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                                                               |
    |                                                               |
    |                   Leaf LSR IPv6 address                       |
    |                                                               |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                       Leaf Group Number 1                     |
   //                                                               //
    |                       Leaf Group Number N                     |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

               Figure 2 - IPv6 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format

   For each P2MP TE group announced by the LSR, the P2MP-TE-GROUP

   The LEAF-GROUP TLV
   comprises:

     - A P2MP TE group number that identifies the P2MP TE group. contains:

      - A Leaf-LSR address: an IPv4 or IPv6 IP address to be used as S2L
        sub-LSP destination address for (defined in [RSVP-P2MP-TE]).
      - A set of one or more Leaf Group number(s), encoded with 32 bit
         integers that identify the corresponding P2MP TE group.

4.2. Leaf Group(s) the LSR belongs to.

5.2. IS-IS P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format

   The IS-IS P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is composed of 1 octet for the type, 1 octet
   specifying the TLV length and a value field.  The format of the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-
   GROUP TLV is identical to the TLV format used by the Traffic
   Engineering Extensions for IS-IS [RFC3784].

   The ISIS P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is used to advertise the desire of an LSR to
   join/leave a given P2MP TE LSP. set of one or more Leaf Groups.

   The ISIS IPv4 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (advertised in an IS-IS Router
   Capability TLV defined in [ISIS-CAP]) has the following format:

   TYPE: To be assigned by IANA (Suggested Value: 5)
   LENGTH: Variable (>=8, multiple of 4)
   VALUE:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                     P2MP TE Group Number                      |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                   Leaf LSR IPv4 address                       |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                       Leaf Group Number 1                     |
   //                                                               //
    |                       Leaf Group Number N                     |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

               Figure 3 - IPv4 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format

   The ISIS IPv6 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (advertised in an OSPF IS-IS router
   information LSA defined in [OSPF-CAP]) [ISIS-CAP]) has the following format:

   TYPE: To be assigned by IANA (Suggested Value: 6)
   LENGTH: Variable
   VALUE:

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                     P2MP TE Group Number                      |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                                                               |
    |                                                               |
    |                   Leaf LSR IPv6 address                       |
    |                                                               |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
    |                       Leaf Group Number 1                     |
   //                                                               //
    |                       Leaf Group Number N                     |
    +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

               Figure 4 - IPv6 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV format

   For each P2MP TE group announced by the LSR, the ISIS P2MP-TE-GROUP

   The P2MP-LEAF-GROUP TLV comprises:
      - A P2MP TE group number that identifies the P2MP TE group.
     - A Leaf-LSR address: an IPv4 or IPv6 IP address to be used as S2L
        sub-LSP destination address, for address (defined in [RSVP-P2MP-TE]).
      - A set of one or more Leaf Group number(s), encoded with 32
        bit integers that identifies the corresponding P2MP TE group.

5. Leaf Group(s) the LSR
        belongs to.

6. Elements of procedure

5.1.

6.1. OSPF

   The P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is advertised, carried within an OSPFv2 Router Information LSA
   (Opaque type of 4 and Opaque ID of 0) or OSPFv3 Router information
   LSA (function code of 12) which that are defined in [OSPF-CAP].  As such,
   elements of procedure are inherited from those defined in [OSPF-CAP].

   The P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is OPTIONAL and must at most appear once in an OPTIONAL. An OSPF Router Information LSA. LSA may
   comprise zero one or more LEAF-GROUP TLVs. Several TLVs are used when
   distinct destination addresses have to be used for distinct Leaf
   Groups.

   In OSPFv2 the flooding scope is controlled by the opaque LSA type (as
   defined in [RFC2370]) and in OSPFv3 by the S1/S2 bits (as defined in
   [OSPFv3]).

   The P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV flooding scope will depend on be determined according to the
   location of the head-end LSR(s) for the P2MP TE LSP Ingress LSR related to the
   LEAF GROUP and leaf LSRs location: the location of the Leaf LSR originating the LEAF-
   GROUP TLV:

   - If the Ingress LSR head-end LSR(s) and generating leaf LSR originating the P2MP-LEAF-
      GROUP TLV are located within the same area, the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV
      MUST be generated within an OSPFV2 type 10 Router Information LSA
      or an OSPFV3 Router Information LSA with the S1 bit set and the S2
      bit cleared.

   - If the Ingress LSR head-end LSR(s) and generating leaf LSRs originating the LEAF-GROUP
      TLV are located within distinct
     areas, areas the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV MUST be
      generated within an OSPFV2 type 11 Router Information LSA or an
      OSPFV3 Router Information LSA with the S1 bit cleared and the S2
      bit set.

   A router MUST originate a new OSPF router information Router Information LSA whenever
   the content of the any of the advertised P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV changes or whenever
   required by the regular OSPF procedure (LSA refresh (every
   LSRefreshTime)). If an LSR desires to join or leave a particular P2MP
   TE Leaf
   group, it MUST originate a new OSPF Router Information LSA
   comprising containing
   the updated P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV. In the case of a join a new entry will be
   added to the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV; conversely conversely, if the LSR leaves a P2MP TE group Leaf
   Group the corresponding entry will be removed from the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP
   TLV. Note that both operations can be performed in the context of a
   single refresh. An implementation SHOULD be able to detect any change
   to a previously received P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV from a specific LSR.

   *Editorial note: Discussion on the

   A P2MP LSP is likely to aggregate a large number of groups multicast
   channels and frequency hence the number of
   changes Leaf Groups an LSR belongs to is
   expected to be added*

5.2. ISIS very small, typically less than 10. Otherwise, in the
   case of a large number of Leaf Groups care should be given to the
   relevance of using an IGP-based discovery mechanism.

   Moreover, as spelt out in [RFC4461], the dynamics of the P2MP LSP is
   likely to be relatively small. A working figure for an established
   P2MP TE LSP is less than 10% churn per day; that is, a relatively
   slow rate of churn. Nevertheless appropriate rate limiting and
   dampening mechanisms SHOULD be implemented so as to avoid any
   unacceptable impact on IGP scalability. The P2MP-TE-GROUP dampening and rate
   limiting algorithms in use are outside of the scope of this document.

6.2. IS-IS

   The LEAF-GROUP TLV is advertised, carried within the IS-IS Router CAPABILITY TLV
   that is defined in [ISIS-CAP]. As such, elements of procedure are
   inherited from those defined in [ISIS-CAP].

   The P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV is OPTIONAL and must at most appear once in an
   ISIS OPTIONAL. An IS-IS Router CAPABILITY TLV. TLV may
   comprise zero one or more LEAF-GROUP TLVs. Several TVLs are used when
   distinct destination addresses have to be used for distinct Leaf
   Groups.

   The P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV flooding scope will depend on the P2MP TE LSP
   Ingress LSR head-end
   LSR(s) and leaf LSRs generating LSR location:

   - If the Ingress LSR head-end LSR(s) and generating LSR are located within a
      single IS-IS area/level, the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV MUST not be leaked
      across IS-IS level/area and the S flag of the Router CAPABILITY
      TLV MUST be cleared.

   - If the Ingress LSR head-end LSR(s) and generating LSRs LSR are located within
      distinct IS-IS area/level, the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV MUST be leaked
      across IS-
      IS IS-IS level/area and the S flag of the Router CAPABILITY
      TLV MUST be set.

   An IS-IS router MUST originate a new IS-IS LSP whenever the content
   of the any of the advertised P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV changes or whenever required by the
   regular IS-IS procedure (LSP refresh). If an LSR desires to join or
   leave a particular P2MP TE group, Leaf Group, it MUST originate a new IS-IS LSP comprising
   containing the updated P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV. In the case of a join a new
   entry will be added to the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV;
   conversely conversely, if the LSR
   leaves a P2MP TE group Leaf Group the corresponding entry will be removed from the P2MP-TE-GROUP
   LEAF-GROUP TLV. Note that both operations can be performed in the
   context of a single refresh. An implementation SHOULD be able to
   detect any change to a previously received P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV from a
   specific LSR.

   *Editorial note: Discussion on

   A P2MP LSP is likely to aggregate a large number of multicast
   channels and hence the number of Leaf groups and frequency an LSR belongs to is
   expected to be very small, typically less than 10. Otherwise, in the
   case of
   changes a large number of Leaf Groups care should be given to the
   relevance of using an IGP-based discovery mechanism.

   Moreover, as spelt out in [RFC4461], the dynamics of the P2MP LSP is
   likely to be added*

6. relatively small. A working figure for an established
   P2MP TE LSP is less than 10% churn per day; that is, a relatively
   slow rate of churn. Nevertheless appropriate rate limiting and
   dampening mechanisms SHOULD be implemented so as to avoid any
   unacceptable impact on IGP scalability. The dampening and rate
   limiting algorithms in use are outside of the scope of this document.

7. Backward compatibility

   The P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLVs defined in this document do not introduce any
   interoperability issue.
   For OSPF, a router not supporting the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV MUST just
   silently ignore the TLV as specified in [OSPF-CAP].
   For IS-IS a router not supporting the P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV MUST just
   silently ignore the TLV as specified in [IS-IS-CAP].

7.

8. IANA Considerations

7.1.

8.1. OSPF

   IANA is in charge of the assignment of TLV code points for the Router
   Information LSA defined in [OSPF-CAP].

   IANA will assign a new codepoint for the P2MP-TE-GROUP TLV LEAF-GROUP TLVs defined in
   this document and carried within the Router Information LSA.

      IPv4 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (suggested value=5)

      IPv6 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (suggested value=6)

7.2. ISIS

8.2. IS-IS

   IANA is in charge of the assignment of TLV code points for the IS-IS
   Router CAPABILITY TLV defined in [ISIS-CAP].

   IANA will assign a new codepoint for the P2MP-TE-GROUP TLV LEAF-GROUP TLVs defined in
   this document and carried within the IS-IS Router CAPABILITY TLV.

      IPv4 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (suggested value=5)

      IPv6 P2MP-TE-GROUP LEAF-GROUP TLV (suggested value=6)

8.

9. Security Considerations

   No new security issues are raised

   This document specifies the content of the LEAF GROUP TLV in IS-IS
   and OSPF, to be used for automating the setup of P2MP TE-LSPs. As
   this document.

9. References

9.1. Normative references

   [RFC] Bradner, S., "Key words TLV is not used for use in RFCs SPF computation or normal routing, the
   extensions specified here have no direct effect on IP routing.
   Tampering with this TLV may have an effect on the configuration of
   P2MP TE-LSP. Mechanisms defined to indicate
   requirements levels", RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words secure IS-IS Link State PDUs
   [ISIS-HMAC], OSPF LSAs [OSPF-SIG], and their TLVs, can be used to
   secure this TLV as well. DoS attacks that would consist of
   advertising a considerable number of Leaf Groups would not lead to
   the generation of the corresponding P2MP TE LSPs since this would
   also require for use in RFCs other LSRs acting as head-end to Indicate
   Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. be also configured
   with matching Leaf Groups.

10. References

10.1. Normative references

   [RFC3667] Bradner, S., "IETF Rights in Contributions", BCP 78, RFC
   3667, February 2004.

   [BCP79] Bradner, S., "Intellectual Property Rights in IETF
   Technology", RFC 3979, March 2005.

   [OSPF-v2] Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", RFC 2328, April 1998.

   [OSPF-v3] Coltun, R., Ferguson, D., and J. Moy, "OSPF for IPv6",
   RFC 2740, December 1999.

   [RFC2370] Coltun, R., "The OSPF Opaque LSA Option", RFC 2370,
   July 1998.

   [IS-IS] "Intermediate System to Intermediate System Intra-Domain
   Routing Exchange Protocol " ISO 10589.

   [IS-IS-IP] Callon, R., "Use of OSI IS-IS for routing in TCP/IP and
   dual environments", RFC 1195, December 1990.

   [OSPF-TE] Katz, D., Yeung, D., Kompella, K., "Traffic Engineering
   Extensions to OSPF Version 2", RFC 3630, September 2003.

   [IS-IS-TE] Li, T., Smit, H., "IS-IS extensions for Traffic
   Engineering", RFC 3784, June 2004.

   [OSPF-CAP] Lindem, A., Shen, N., Aggarwal, R., Shaffer, S., Vasseur,
   J.P., "Extensions to OSPF for advertising Optional Router
   Capabilities", draft-ietf-ospf-cap, work in progress.

   [IS-IS-CAP] Vasseur, J.P. et al., "IS-IS extensions for advertising
   router information", draft-ietf-isis-caps, work in progress.

   [RSVP-P2MP]

   [RSVP-P2MP-TE] Aggarwal, Papadimitriou, Yasukawa, et. al. "Extensions
   to RSVP-TE for point-to-multipoint TE LSPs", draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-te-
   p2mp, work in progress.

9.2.

10.2. Informative References

   [P2MP-REQ]

   [RFC4461] Yasukawa, S., et. al., "Signaling Requirements for Point to
   Multipoint Traffic Engineered MPLS LSPs", RFC4461, April 2006.

10.

11. Authors' Address Addresses

   Jean-Louis Le Roux (Editor)
   France Telecom
   2, avenue Pierre-Marzin
   22307 Lannion Cedex
   FRANCE
   Email: jeanlouis.leroux@francetelecom.com

   Jean-Philippe

   JP Vasseur (Editor)
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   1414 Massachusetts Avenue
   Boxborough , MA - 01719
   USA
   Email: jpv@cisco.com

   Seisho Yasukawa
   NTT Corporation
   9-11, Midori-Cho 3-Chome
   Musashino-Shi, Tokyo 180-8585,
   Japan

11.

   Martin Vigoureux
   Alcatel
   Route de Nozay, 91461 Marcoussis cedex, France
   Phone: +33 (0)1 69 63 18 52
   Email: martin.vigoureux@alcatel.fr

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