| < draft-bernardos-raw-use-cases-03.txt | draft-bernardos-raw-use-cases-04.txt > | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RAW G. Papadopoulos | RAW G. Papadopoulos | |||
| Internet-Draft IMT Atlantique | Internet-Draft IMT Atlantique | |||
| Intended status: Standards Track P. Thubert | Intended status: Standards Track P. Thubert | |||
| Expires: September 9, 2020 Cisco | Expires: January 12, 2021 Cisco | |||
| F. Theoleyre | F. Theoleyre | |||
| CNRS | CNRS | |||
| CJ. Bernardos | CJ. Bernardos | |||
| UC3M | UC3M | |||
| March 8, 2020 | July 11, 2020 | |||
| RAW use cases | RAW use cases | |||
| draft-bernardos-raw-use-cases-03 | draft-bernardos-raw-use-cases-04 | |||
| Abstract | Abstract | |||
| The wireless medium presents significant specific challenges to | The wireless medium presents significant specific challenges to | |||
| achieve properties similar to those of wired deterministic networks. | achieve properties similar to those of wired deterministic networks. | |||
| At the same time, a number of use cases cannot be solved with wires | At the same time, a number of use cases cannot be solved with wires | |||
| and justify the extra effort of going wireless. This document | and justify the extra effort of going wireless. This document | |||
| presents wireless use cases demanding reliable and available | presents wireless use cases demanding reliable and available | |||
| behavior. | behavior. | |||
| skipping to change at page 1, line 40 ¶ | skipping to change at page 1, line 40 ¶ | |||
| Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | |||
| Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute | Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute | |||
| working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- | working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- | |||
| Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. | Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. | |||
| Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months | Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months | |||
| and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | |||
| time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | |||
| material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | |||
| This Internet-Draft will expire on September 9, 2020. | This Internet-Draft will expire on January 12, 2021. | |||
| Copyright Notice | Copyright Notice | |||
| Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the | Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the | |||
| document authors. All rights reserved. | document authors. All rights reserved. | |||
| This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal | This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal | |||
| Provisions Relating to IETF Documents | Provisions Relating to IETF Documents | |||
| (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of | (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of | |||
| publication of this document. Please review these documents | publication of this document. Please review these documents | |||
| skipping to change at page 2, line 23 ¶ | skipping to change at page 2, line 23 ¶ | |||
| 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | |||
| 2. Aeronautical Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 2. Aeronautical Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | |||
| 2.1. Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 2.1. Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | |||
| 2.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 2.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | |||
| 2.3. Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 2.3. Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | |||
| 2.4. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | 2.4. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 2.5. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | 2.5. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 3. Amusement Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | 3. Amusement Parks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 3.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | 3.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 3.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | 3.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | |||
| 3.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | 3.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | |||
| 3.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | 3.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | |||
| 4. Wireless for Industrial Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | 4. Wireless for Industrial Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | |||
| 4.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | 4.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 | |||
| 4.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | 4.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | |||
| 4.2.1. Control Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | 4.2.1. Control Loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | |||
| 4.2.2. Unmeasured Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | 4.2.2. Unmeasured Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 | |||
| 4.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | 4.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |||
| 4.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | 4.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 | |||
| 5. Pro Audio and Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | 5. Pro Audio and Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | |||
| 5.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | 5.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | |||
| 5.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | 5.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | |||
| 5.2.1. Uninterrupted Stream Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | 5.2.1. Uninterrupted Stream Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | |||
| 5.2.2. Synchronized Stream Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | 5.2.2. Synchronized Stream Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | |||
| 5.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | 5.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 | |||
| 5.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | 5.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | |||
| 6. Wireless Gaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | 6. Wireless Gaming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | |||
| 6.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | 6.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 | |||
| 6.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 | 6.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 | |||
| 6.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 | 6.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 | |||
| 6.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 | 6.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 | |||
| 7. UAV platooning and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | 7. UAV platooning and control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | |||
| 7.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | 7.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | |||
| 7.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | 7.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | |||
| 7.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | 7.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 | |||
| 7.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | 7.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | |||
| 8. Edge Robotics control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | 8. Edge Robotics control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | |||
| 8.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | 8.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 | |||
| 8.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | 8.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | |||
| 8.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | 8.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | |||
| 8.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | 8.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | |||
| 9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | 9. Emergencies: Instrumented emergency vehicle . . . . . . . . . 17 | |||
| 10. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | 9.1. Use Case Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | |||
| 11. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 | 9.2. Specifics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 | |||
| 12. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 | 9.3. The Need for Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 | |||
| Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 | 9.4. Requirements for RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 | |||
| 10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 | ||||
| 11. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 | ||||
| 12. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 | ||||
| 13. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 | ||||
| Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 | ||||
| 1. Introduction | 1. Introduction | |||
| Based on time, resource reservation, and policy enforcement by | Based on time, resource reservation, and policy enforcement by | |||
| distributed shapers, Deterministic Networking provides the capability | distributed shapers, Deterministic Networking provides the capability | |||
| to carry specified unicast or multicast data streams for real-time | to carry specified unicast or multicast data streams for real-time | |||
| applications with extremely low data loss rates and bounded latency, | applications with extremely low data loss rates and bounded latency, | |||
| so as to support time-sensitive and mission-critical applications on | so as to support time-sensitive and mission-critical applications on | |||
| a converged enterprise infrastructure. | a converged enterprise infrastructure. | |||
| skipping to change at page 3, line 50 ¶ | skipping to change at page 4, line 8 ¶ | |||
| o multi-technology path with co-channel interference minimization, | o multi-technology path with co-channel interference minimization, | |||
| o frame preemption and guard time mechanisms to ensure a worst-case | o frame preemption and guard time mechanisms to ensure a worst-case | |||
| delay, and | delay, and | |||
| o new traffic shapers within and at the edge to protect the network. | o new traffic shapers within and at the edge to protect the network. | |||
| Wireless operates on a shared medium, and transmissions cannot be | Wireless operates on a shared medium, and transmissions cannot be | |||
| fully deterministic due to uncontrolled interferences, including | fully deterministic due to uncontrolled interferences, including | |||
| self-induced multipath fading. RAW (Reliable and Available Wireless) | self-induced multipath fading. RAW (Reliable and Available Wireless) | |||
| is an effort to provide Deterministic Networking on across a path | is an effort to provide Deterministic Networking Mechanisms on across | |||
| that include a wireless physical layer. Making Wireless Reliable and | a path that include a wireless physical layer. Making Wireless | |||
| Available is even more challenging than it is with wires, due to the | Reliable and Available is even more challenging than it is with | |||
| numerous causes of loss in transmission that add up to the congestion | wires, due to the numerous causes of loss in transmission that add up | |||
| losses and the delays caused by overbooked shared resources. | to the congestion losses and the delays caused by overbooked shared | |||
| resources. | ||||
| The wireless and wired media are fundamentally different at the | The wireless and wired media are fundamentally different at the | |||
| physical level, and while the generic Problem Statement [RFC8557] for | physical level, and while the generic Problem Statement [RFC8557] for | |||
| DetNet applies to the wired as well as the wireless medium, the | DetNet applies to the wired as well as the wireless medium, the | |||
| methods to achieve RAW necessarily differ from those used to support | methods to achieve RAW necessarily differ from those used to support | |||
| Time-Sensitive Networking over wires. | Time-Sensitive Networking over wires. | |||
| So far, Open Standards for Deterministic Networking have prevalently | So far, Open Standards for Deterministic Networking have prevalently | |||
| been focused on wired media, with Audio/Video Bridging (AVB) and Time | been focused on wired media, with Audio/Video Bridging (AVB) and Time | |||
| Sensitive Networking (TSN) at the IEEE and DetNet [RFC8655] at the | Sensitive Networking (TSN) at the IEEE and DetNet [RFC8655] at the | |||
| skipping to change at page 7, line 48 ¶ | skipping to change at page 7, line 48 ¶ | |||
| amount of routing information that has to travel inside the network | amount of routing information that has to travel inside the network | |||
| because of precomputed routing tables with the selector being | because of precomputed routing tables with the selector being | |||
| responsible for choosing the most appropriate option according to | responsible for choosing the most appropriate option according to | |||
| policy and safety. | policy and safety. | |||
| 3. Amusement Parks | 3. Amusement Parks | |||
| 3.1. Use Case Description | 3.1. Use Case Description | |||
| The digitalization of Amusement Parks is expected to decrease | The digitalization of Amusement Parks is expected to decrease | |||
| significantly the cost for maintaining the attractions. By | significantly the cost for maintaining the attractions. Such | |||
| monitoring in real-time the machines, predictive maintenance will | deployment is a mix between industrial automation (aka. Smart | |||
| help to reduce the repairing cost as well as the downtime. Besides, | Factories) and multimedia entertainment applications. | |||
| the attractions may use wireless transmissions to interconnect | ||||
| sensors and actuators, to privilege reconfigurability, and | ||||
| standardization. | ||||
| Attractions may rely on a large set of sensors and actuators, which | Attractions may rely on a large set of sensors and actuators, which | |||
| react in real time. Typical applications comprise: | react in real time. Typical applications comprise: | |||
| o Emergency: safety has to be preserved, and must stop the | o Emergency: safety has to be preserved, and must stop the | |||
| attraction when a failure is detected. | attraction when a failure is detected. | |||
| o Video: augmented and virtual realities are integrated in the | o Video: augmented and virtual realities are integrated in the | |||
| attraction. Wearable devices (e.g., glasses, virtual reality | attraction. Wearable mobile devices (e.g., glasses, virtual | |||
| headset) need to offload one part of the processing tasks. | reality headset) need to offload one part of the processing tasks. | |||
| o Real-time interactions: visitors may interact with an attraction, | o Real-time interactions: visitors may interact with an attraction, | |||
| like in a real-time video game. The visitors may virtually | like in a real-time video game. The visitors may virtually | |||
| interact with their environment, triggering actions in the real | interact with their environment, triggering actions in the real | |||
| world (through actuators) [robots]. | world (through actuators) [robots]. | |||
| o Geolocation: visitors are tracked with a personal wireless tag so | o Geolocation: visitors are tracked with a personal wireless tag so | |||
| that their user experience is improved. | that their user experience is improved. | |||
| o Predictive maintenance: statistics are collected to predict the | o Predictive maintenance: statistics are collected to predict the | |||
| skipping to change at page 8, line 40 ¶ | skipping to change at page 8, line 38 ¶ | |||
| Amusement parks comprise a variable number of attractions, mostly | Amusement parks comprise a variable number of attractions, mostly | |||
| outdoor, over a large geographical area. The IT infrastructure is | outdoor, over a large geographical area. The IT infrastructure is | |||
| typically multi-scale: | typically multi-scale: | |||
| o Local area: the sensors and actuators controlling the attractions | o Local area: the sensors and actuators controlling the attractions | |||
| are co-located. Control loops trigger only local traffic, with a | are co-located. Control loops trigger only local traffic, with a | |||
| small end-to-end delay, typically inferior than 10 milliseconds, | small end-to-end delay, typically inferior than 10 milliseconds, | |||
| like classical industrial systems [ieee80211-rt-tig]. | like classical industrial systems [ieee80211-rt-tig]. | |||
| o Wearable devices are free to move in the park. They exchange | o Wearable mobile devices are free to move in the park. They | |||
| traffic locally (identification, personalization, multimedia) or | exchange traffic locally (identification, personalization, | |||
| globally (billing, child tracking). | multimedia) or globally (billing, child tracking). | |||
| o Computationally intensive applications offload some tasks to a | o Computationally intensive applications offload some tasks. Edge | |||
| cloud, and data analytics rely on a centralized infrastructure | computing seems an efficient way to implement real-time | |||
| (predictive maintenance, marketing). | applications with offloading. Some non time-critical tasks may | |||
| rather use the cloud (predictive maintenance, marketing). | ||||
| 3.3. The Need for Wireless | 3.3. The Need for Wireless | |||
| Amusement parks cover large areas and a global interconnection would | Amusement parks cover large areas and a global interconnection would | |||
| require a huge length of cables. Wireless also increases the | require a huge length of cables. Wireless also increases the | |||
| reconfigurability, enabling to update cheaply the attractions. The | reconfigurability, enabling to update cheaply the attractions. The | |||
| frequent renewal helps to increase customer loyalty. | frequent renewal helps to increase customer loyalty. | |||
| Some parts of the attraction are mobile, e.g., trucks of a roller- | Some parts of the attraction are mobile, e.g., trucks of a roller- | |||
| coaster, robots. Since cables are prone to frequent failures in this | coaster, robots. Since cables are prone to frequent failures in this | |||
| skipping to change at page 9, line 33 ¶ | skipping to change at page 9, line 26 ¶ | |||
| 3.4. Requirements for RAW | 3.4. Requirements for RAW | |||
| The network infrastructure has to support heterogeneous traffic, with | The network infrastructure has to support heterogeneous traffic, with | |||
| very different critical requirements. Thus, flow isolation has to be | very different critical requirements. Thus, flow isolation has to be | |||
| provided. | provided. | |||
| We have to schedule appropriately the transmissions, even in presence | We have to schedule appropriately the transmissions, even in presence | |||
| of mobile devices. While the [I-D.ietf-6tisch-architecture] already | of mobile devices. While the [I-D.ietf-6tisch-architecture] already | |||
| proposes an architecture for synchronized, IEEE Std. 802.15.4 Time- | proposes an architecture for synchronized, IEEE Std. 802.15.4 Time- | |||
| Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) networks, 6TiSCH does not address | Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) networks, we still need multi- | |||
| real-time IPv6 flows. RAW might provide mechanisms helping to | technology solutions, able to guarantee end-to-end requirements | |||
| automatically adapt the network (i.e., schedule appropriately the | across heterogeneous technologies, with strict SLA requirements. | |||
| transmissions, across heterogeneous technologies, with strict SLA | ||||
| requirements). | ||||
| Nowadays, long-range wireless transmissions are used for best-effort | Nowadays, long-range wireless transmissions are used mostly for best- | |||
| traffic, and [IEEE802.1TSN] is used for critical flows using Ethernet | effort traffic. On the contrary, [IEEE802.1TSN] is used for critical | |||
| devices. However, we need an IP enabled technology to interconnect | flows using Ethernet devices. However, we need an IP enabled | |||
| large areas, independent of the PHY and MAC layer to maximize the | technology to interconnect large areas, independent of the PHY and | |||
| compliancy. | MAC layers. | |||
| We expect to deploy several different technologies (long vs. short | We expect to deploy several different technologies (long vs. short | |||
| range) which have to cohabit in the same area. Thus, we need to | range) which have to cohabit in the same area. Thus, we need to | |||
| schedule appropriately the transmissions to limit the co-technology | provide layer-3 mechanisms able to exploit multiple co-interfering | |||
| interference, so that an end-to-end delay across multiple | technologies. | |||
| technologies can be guaranteed. It is needed to understand which | ||||
| technologies RAW will cover and how they can be used cohabitating in | ||||
| the same area. | ||||
| 4. Wireless for Industrial Applications | 4. Wireless for Industrial Applications | |||
| 4.1. Use Case Description | 4.1. Use Case Description | |||
| A major use case for networking in Industrial environments is the | A major use case for networking in Industrial environments is the | |||
| control networks where periodic control loops operate between a | control networks where periodic control loops operate between a | |||
| sensor that measures a physical property such as the temperature of a | sensor that measures a physical property such as the temperature of a | |||
| fluid, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) that decides an action | fluid, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) that decides an action | |||
| such as warm up the mix, and an actuator that performs the required | such as warm up the mix, and an actuator that performs the required | |||
| skipping to change at page 12, line 14 ¶ | skipping to change at page 11, line 50 ¶ | |||
| Over the course of the recent years, major Industrial Protocols, | Over the course of the recent years, major Industrial Protocols, | |||
| e.g., [ODVA] with EtherNet/IP [EIP] and [Profinet], have been | e.g., [ODVA] with EtherNet/IP [EIP] and [Profinet], have been | |||
| migrating towards Ethernet and IP. In order to unleash the full | migrating towards Ethernet and IP. In order to unleash the full | |||
| power of the IP hourglass model, it should be possible to deploy any | power of the IP hourglass model, it should be possible to deploy any | |||
| application over any network that has the physical capacity to | application over any network that has the physical capacity to | |||
| transport the industrial flow, regardless of the MAC/PHY technology, | transport the industrial flow, regardless of the MAC/PHY technology, | |||
| wired or wireless, and across technologies. RAW mechanisms should be | wired or wireless, and across technologies. RAW mechanisms should be | |||
| able to setup a Track over a wireless access segment such as TSCH and | able to setup a Track over a wireless access segment such as TSCH and | |||
| a backbone segment such as Ethernet or WI-Fi, to report a sensor data | a backbone segment such as Ethernet or WI-Fi, to report a sensor data | |||
| or a critical monitoring within a bounded latency. | or a critical monitoring within a bounded latency. It is also | |||
| important to ensure that RAW solutions are interoperable with | ||||
| existing wireless solutions in place, and with legacy equipment which | ||||
| capabilities can be extended using retrofitting. Maintanability, as | ||||
| a broader concept than reliability is also important in industrial | ||||
| scenarios [square-peg]. | ||||
| 5. Pro Audio and Video | 5. Pro Audio and Video | |||
| 5.1. Use Case Description | 5.1. Use Case Description | |||
| Many devices support audio and video streaming by employing 802.11 | Many devices support audio and video streaming by employing 802.11 | |||
| wireless LAN. Some of these applications require low latency | wireless LAN. Some of these applications require low latency | |||
| capability. For instance, when the application provides interactive | capability. For instance, when the application provides interactive | |||
| play, or when the audio takes plays in real time (i.e. live) for | play, or when the audio takes plays in real time (i.e. live) for | |||
| public addresses in train stations or in theme parks. | public addresses in train stations or in theme parks. | |||
| skipping to change at page 17, line 34 ¶ | skipping to change at page 17, line 31 ¶ | |||
| 8.4. Requirements for RAW | 8.4. Requirements for RAW | |||
| The network infrastructure needs to support heterogeneous types of | The network infrastructure needs to support heterogeneous types of | |||
| traffic, from robot control to video streaming. | traffic, from robot control to video streaming. | |||
| When a given service is decomposed into functions -- hosted at | When a given service is decomposed into functions -- hosted at | |||
| different robots -- chained, each link connecting two given functions | different robots -- chained, each link connecting two given functions | |||
| would have a well-defined set of requirements (latency, bandwidth and | would have a well-defined set of requirements (latency, bandwidth and | |||
| jitter) that have to be met. | jitter) that have to be met. | |||
| 9. IANA Considerations | 9. Emergencies: Instrumented emergency vehicle | |||
| N/A. | 9.1. Use Case Description | |||
| 10. Security Considerations | An instrumented ambulance would be one that has a LAN to which are | |||
| connected these end systems: | ||||
| N/A. | o vital signs sensors attached to the casualty in the ambulance. | |||
| Relay medical data to hospital emergency room, | ||||
| 11. Acknowledgments | o radionavigation sensor to relay position data to various | |||
| destinations including dispatcher, | ||||
| o voice communication for ambulance attendant (e.g. consult with ER | ||||
| doctor), | ||||
| o voice communication between driver and dispatcher, | ||||
| o etc. | ||||
| The LAN needs to be routed through radio-WANs to complete the | ||||
| internetwork linkage. | ||||
| 9.2. Specifics | ||||
| What we have today is multiple communications systems to reach the | ||||
| vehicle: | ||||
| o A dispatching system, | ||||
| o a cellphone for the attendant, | ||||
| o a special purpose telemetering system for medical data, | ||||
| o etc. | ||||
| This redundancy of systems, because of its stovepiping, does not | ||||
| contribute to availability as a whole. | ||||
| Most of the scenarios involving the use of an instrumented ambulance | ||||
| are composed of many different flows, each of them with slightly | ||||
| different requirements in terms of reliability and latency. | ||||
| Destinations might be either at the ambulance itself (local traffic), | ||||
| at a near edge cloud or at the general Internet/cloud. | ||||
| 9.3. The Need for Wireless | ||||
| Local traffic between the first responders/ambulance staff and the | ||||
| ambulance equipment cannot be doine via wireled connectivity as the | ||||
| responders perform initial treatment outside of the ambulance. The | ||||
| communications from the ambulance to external services has to be | ||||
| wireless as well. | ||||
| 9.4. Requirements for RAW | ||||
| We can derive some pertinent requirements from this scenario: | ||||
| o High availability of the internetwork is required. | ||||
| o The internetwork needs to operate in damaged state (e.g. during an | ||||
| earthquake aftermath, heavy weather, wildfire, etc.). In addition | ||||
| to continuity of operations, rapid restoral is a needed | ||||
| characteristic. | ||||
| o End-to-end security, both authenticity and confidentiality, is | ||||
| required of traffic. All data needs to be authenticated; some | ||||
| (such as medical) needs to be confidential. | ||||
| o The radio-WAN has characteristics similar to cellphone -- the | ||||
| vehicle will travel from one radio footprint to another. | ||||
| 10. IANA Considerations | ||||
| This document has no IANA actions. | ||||
| 11. Security Considerations | ||||
| This document covers a number of representative applications and | ||||
| network scenarios that are expected to make use of RAW technologies. | ||||
| Each of the potential RAW use cases will have security considerations | ||||
| from both the use-specific perspective and the RAW technology | ||||
| perspective. [I-D.ietf-detnet-security] provides a comprehensive | ||||
| discussion of security considerations in the context of Deterministic | ||||
| Networking, which are generally applicable also to RAW. | ||||
| 12. Acknowledgments | ||||
| Nils Maeurer, Thomas Graeupl and Corinna Schmitt have contributed | Nils Maeurer, Thomas Graeupl and Corinna Schmitt have contributed | |||
| significantly to this document, providing input for the Aeronautical | significantly to this document, providing input for the Aeronautical | |||
| communications section. | communications section. Rex Buddenberg has also contributed to the | |||
| document, providing input to the Emergency: instrumented emergency | ||||
| vehicle section. | ||||
| The authors would like to thank Toerless Eckert, Xavi Vilajosana | ||||
| Guillen and Rute Sofia for their valuable comments on previous | ||||
| versions of this document. | ||||
| The work of Carlos J. Bernardos in this draft has been partially | The work of Carlos J. Bernardos in this draft has been partially | |||
| supported by the H2020 5Growth (Grant 856709) and 5G-DIVE projects | supported by the H2020 5Growth (Grant 856709) and 5G-DIVE projects | |||
| (Grant 859881). | (Grant 859881). | |||
| 12. Informative References | 13. Informative References | |||
| [disney-VIP] | [disney-VIP] | |||
| Wired, "Disney's $1 Billion Bet on a Magical Wristband", | Wired, "Disney's $1 Billion Bet on a Magical Wristband", | |||
| March 2015, | March 2015, | |||
| <https://www.wired.com/2015/03/disney-magicband/>. | <https://www.wired.com/2015/03/disney-magicband/>. | |||
| [EIP] http://www.odva.org/, "EtherNet/IP provides users with the | [EIP] http://www.odva.org/, "EtherNet/IP provides users with the | |||
| network tools to deploy standard Ethernet technology (IEEE | network tools to deploy standard Ethernet technology (IEEE | |||
| 802.3 combined with the TCP/IP Suite) for industrial | 802.3 combined with the TCP/IP Suite) for industrial | |||
| automation applications while enabling Internet and | automation applications while enabling Internet and | |||
| skipping to change at page 18, line 35 ¶ | skipping to change at page 20, line 19 ¶ | |||
| [FAA20] U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation | [FAA20] U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation | |||
| Administration (FAA), "Next Generation Air Transportation | Administration (FAA), "Next Generation Air Transportation | |||
| System", 2019, <https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/ >. | System", 2019, <https://www.faa.gov/nextgen/ >. | |||
| [I-D.ietf-6tisch-architecture] | [I-D.ietf-6tisch-architecture] | |||
| Thubert, P., "An Architecture for IPv6 over the TSCH mode | Thubert, P., "An Architecture for IPv6 over the TSCH mode | |||
| of IEEE 802.15.4", draft-ietf-6tisch-architecture-28 (work | of IEEE 802.15.4", draft-ietf-6tisch-architecture-28 (work | |||
| in progress), October 2019. | in progress), October 2019. | |||
| [I-D.ietf-detnet-security] | ||||
| Mizrahi, T. and E. Grossman, "Deterministic Networking | ||||
| (DetNet) Security Considerations", draft-ietf-detnet- | ||||
| security-10 (work in progress), May 2020. | ||||
| [I-D.maeurer-raw-ldacs] | [I-D.maeurer-raw-ldacs] | |||
| Maeurer, N., Graeupl, T., and C. Schmitt, "L-band Digital | Maeurer, N., Graeupl, T., and C. Schmitt, "L-band Digital | |||
| Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS)", draft- | Aeronautical Communications System (LDACS)", draft- | |||
| maeurer-raw-ldacs-01 (work in progress), March 2020. | maeurer-raw-ldacs-04 (work in progress), July 2020. | |||
| [I-D.thubert-raw-technologies] | [I-D.thubert-raw-technologies] | |||
| Thubert, P., Cavalcanti, D., Vilajosana, X., and C. | Thubert, P., Cavalcanti, D., Vilajosana, X., Schmitt, C., | |||
| Schmitt, "Reliable and Available Wireless Technologies", | and J. Farkas, "Reliable and Available Wireless | |||
| draft-thubert-raw-technologies-04 (work in progress), | Technologies", draft-thubert-raw-technologies-05 (work in | |||
| January 2020. | progress), May 2020. | |||
| [ICAO18] International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), "L-Band | [ICAO18] International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), "L-Band | |||
| Digital Aeronautical Communication System (LDACS)", | Digital Aeronautical Communication System (LDACS)", | |||
| International Standards and Recommended Practices Annex 10 | International Standards and Recommended Practices Annex 10 | |||
| - Aeronautical Telecommunications, Vol. III - | - Aeronautical Telecommunications, Vol. III - | |||
| Communication Systems , 2018. | Communication Systems , 2018. | |||
| [IEEE802.1TSN] | [IEEE802.1TSN] | |||
| IEEE standard for Information Technology, "IEEE | IEEE standard for Information Technology, "IEEE | |||
| 802.1AS-2011 - IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan | 802.1AS-2011 - IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan | |||
| skipping to change at page 20, line 18 ¶ | skipping to change at page 22, line 9 ¶ | |||
| [RFC8655] Finn, N., Thubert, P., Varga, B., and J. Farkas, | [RFC8655] Finn, N., Thubert, P., Varga, B., and J. Farkas, | |||
| "Deterministic Networking Architecture", RFC 8655, | "Deterministic Networking Architecture", RFC 8655, | |||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC8655, October 2019, | DOI 10.17487/RFC8655, October 2019, | |||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8655>. | <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8655>. | |||
| [robots] Kober, J., Glisson, M., and M. Mistry, "Playing catch and | [robots] Kober, J., Glisson, M., and M. Mistry, "Playing catch and | |||
| juggling with a humanoid robot.", 2012, | juggling with a humanoid robot.", 2012, | |||
| <https://doi.org/10.1109/HUMANOIDS.2012.6651623>. | <https://doi.org/10.1109/HUMANOIDS.2012.6651623>. | |||
| [square-peg] | ||||
| Martinez, B., Cano, C., and X. Vilajosana, "A Square Peg | ||||
| in a Round Hole: The Complex Path for Wireless in the | ||||
| Manufacturing Industry", 2019, | ||||
| <https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8703476>. | ||||
| Authors' Addresses | Authors' Addresses | |||
| Georgios Z. Papadopoulos | Georgios Z. Papadopoulos | |||
| IMT Atlantique | IMT Atlantique | |||
| Office B00 - 114A | Office B00 - 114A | |||
| 2 Rue de la Chataigneraie | 2 Rue de la Chataigneraie | |||
| Cesson-Sevigne - Rennes 35510 | Cesson-Sevigne - Rennes 35510 | |||
| FRANCE | FRANCE | |||
| Phone: +33 299 12 70 04 | Phone: +33 299 12 70 04 | |||
| End of changes. 29 change blocks. | ||||
| 61 lines changed or deleted | 159 lines changed or added | |||
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