< draft-faltstrom-unicode11-00.txt   draft-faltstrom-unicode11-01.txt >
Network Working Group P. Faltstrom Network Working Group P. Faltstrom
Internet-Draft Netnod Internet-Draft Netnod
Intended status: Informational June 17, 2018 Intended status: Informational July 2, 2018
Expires: December 19, 2018 Expires: January 3, 2019
IDNA2008 and Unicode 11.0.0 IDNA2008 and Unicode 11.0.0
draft-faltstrom-unicode11-00 draft-faltstrom-unicode11-01
Abstract Abstract
This document describes changes between Unicode 6.3.0 and Unicode This document describes changes between Unicode 6.3.0 and Unicode
11.0.0 in the context of IDNA2008. It further suggests for the IETF 11.0.0 in the context of IDNA2008. It further suggests for the IETF
a path forward regarding ensuring IDNA2008 follows the evolution of a path forward regarding ensuring IDNA2008 follows the evolution of
the Unicode Standard. the Unicode Standard.
Status of This Memo Status of This Memo
skipping to change at page 1, line 33 skipping to change at page 1, line 33
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on December 19, 2018. This Internet-Draft will expire on January 3, 2019.
Copyright Notice Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved. document authors. All rights reserved.
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described in the Simplified BSD License. described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Keywords for Requirement Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. IDNA2008 Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2. Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.1. IDNA2008 Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Notable changes between Unicode 6.3.0 and 11.0.0 . . . . . . 5 3.2. Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. Changes to Unicode 7.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4. Notable changes between Unicode 6.3.0 and 11.0.0 . . . . . . 5
3.2. Changes to Unicode 11.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4.1. Changes to Unicode 7.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.2. Changes to Unicode 11.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5. Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8.2. Non-normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Appendix A. Changes from Unicode 6.3.0 to Unicode 7.0.0 . . . . 10 9.2. Non-normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Appendix B. Changes from Unicode 7.0.0 to Unicode 8.0.0 . . . . 13 Appendix A. Changes from Unicode 6.3.0 to Unicode 7.0.0 . . . . 11
Appendix B. Changes from Unicode 7.0.0 to Unicode 8.0.0 . . . . 14
Appendix C. Changes from Unicode 8.0.0 to Unicode 9.0.0 . . . . 15 Appendix C. Changes from Unicode 8.0.0 to Unicode 9.0.0 . . . . 15
Appendix D. Changes from Unicode 9.0.0 to Unicode 10.0.0 . . . . 16 Appendix D. Changes from Unicode 9.0.0 to Unicode 10.0.0 . . . . 16
Appendix E. Changes from Unicode 10.0.0 to Unicode 11.0.0 . . . 17 Appendix E. Changes from Unicode 10.0.0 to Unicode 11.0.0 . . . 17
Appendix F. Code points in Unicode Character Database (UCD) Appendix F. Code points in Unicode Character Database (UCD)
format for Unicode 11.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 format for Unicode 11.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
1. Introduction 1. Introduction
The current version of Internationalized Domain Names for The current version of Internationalized Domain Names for
Applications (IDNA) was largely completed in 2008, known within the Applications (IDNA) was largely completed in 2008, known within the
series and elsewhere as "IDNA2008" and is specified in a series of series and elsewhere as "IDNA2008" and is specified in a series of
documents (see Section Section 2.1). The standard include an documents (see Section Section 3.1). The standard include an
algorithm by which a derived property value is calculated based on algorithm by which a derived property value is calculated based on
the properties defined in the Unicode Standard. the properties defined in the Unicode Standard.
When the Unicode Standard is updated code points are assigned that When the Unicode Standard is updated code points are assigned that
earlier was not and property values changes for already assigned code earlier was not and property values changes for already assigned code
points. points.
Assigning code points might create problems if the newly assigned Assigning code points might create problems if the newly assigned
code points are compositions of code points so that it either changes code points are compositions of code points so that it either changes
or would have changed the normalization functions. This because it or would have changed the normalization functions. This because it
changes the matching algorithms used which in turn might create changes the matching algorithms used which in turn might create
problems looking up already stored strings in for example DNS. problems looking up already stored strings in for example DNS.
Changing properties to already assigned code points might create Changing properties to already assigned code points might create
problems if the change do result in the derived property value problems if the change do result in the derived property value
changes. This might make an earlier allowed code point (derived changes. This might make an earlier allowed code point (derived
property value PVALID) not be allowed anymore (derived property value property value PVALID) not be allowed anymore (derived property value
DISALLOWED). DISALLOWED).
Historically the IETF have accepted all implications on changes in Historically the IETF has accepted all implications of changes in the
the Unicode Standard even though the changes have resulted in Unicode Standard even though the changes have resulted in problematic
problematic changes in the derived property value. Main reason have changes in the derived property value. The primary reason for that
been that staying with the Unicode Standard have been viewed as is that staying with the Unicode Standard has been viewed as
important given the diversity in implications already existing in the important given the diversity in implementations already existing in
wild. the wild.
The Internet Architecture Board did issue a statement [IAB] which The Internet Architecture Board did issue a statement [IAB] which
requested IETF to resolve the issues related to the in Unicode 7.0.0 requested IETF to resolve the issues related to the code point ARABIC
[Unicode-7.0.0] introduced code point ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH HAMZA LETTER BEH WITH HAMZA ABOVE (U+08A1), introduced in Unicode 7.0.0
ABOVE (U+08A1). This document resolves this issue and suggests [Unicode-7.0.0]. This document resolves this issue and suggests
IDNA2008 standard is to follow the Unicode Standard and not update IDNA2008 standard is to follow the Unicode Standard and not update
RFC 5892 [RFC5892] and others. RFC 5892 [RFC5892] or any other IDNA2008 RFCs.
2. Background 2. Keywords for Requirement Levels
2.1. IDNA2008 Documents The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
3. Background
3.1. IDNA2008 Documents
IDNA2008 consists of the following documents: IDNA2008 consists of the following documents:
o A document, RFC 5890 [RFC5890], containing definitions and other o A document, RFC 5890 [RFC5890], containing definitions and other
material that are needed for understanding other documents in the material that are needed for understanding other documents in the
set. It is referred to informally in other documents in the set set. It is referred to informally in other documents in the set
as "Defs" or "Definitions". as "Defs" or "Definitions".
o A document, RFC 5891 [RFC5891], that describes the core IDNA2008 o A document, RFC 5891 [RFC5891], that describes the core IDNA2008
protocol and its operations. It is to be interpreted in protocol and its operations. It is to be interpreted in
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required part of IDNA. required part of IDNA.
o A document, RFC 6452 [RFC6452], that looks at some changes made to o A document, RFC 6452 [RFC6452], that looks at some changes made to
Unicode 6.0.0 [Unicode-6.0.0] that resulted in the derived Unicode 6.0.0 [Unicode-6.0.0] that resulted in the derived
property value change for the code points U+0CF1, U+0CF2 and property value change for the code points U+0CF1, U+0CF2 and
U+19DA. The first two changed from DISALLOWED to PVALID, the last U+19DA. The first two changed from DISALLOWED to PVALID, the last
from PVALID to DISSALOWED. IETF came to the conclusion the from PVALID to DISSALOWED. IETF came to the conclusion the
changes where acceptable and RFC 5892 [RFC5892] was not updated to changes where acceptable and RFC 5892 [RFC5892] was not updated to
make the derived property value not change for these code points. make the derived property value not change for these code points.
2.2. Deployment 3.2. Deployment
The deployment of IDNA2008 is unfortunately quite diverse. The deployment of IDNA2008 is unfortunately quite diverse. The
Implementations exists doing at least the following: following lists some of the strategies that existing implementations
are known to implement:
o IDNA2003 as specified in RFC 3490 [RFC3490] and RFC 3491 [RFC3491] o IDNA2003 as specified in RFC 3490 [RFC3490] and RFC 3491 [RFC3491]
which implies using a table within which it is said whether code which implies using a table within which it is said whether code
points are allowed to be used or not, and this after doing the in points are allowed to be used or not, and this after doing the in
IDNA2003 included normalization. IDNA2003 included normalization.
o A mix between IDNA2003 and IDNA2008 where code points assigned to o A mix between IDNA2003 and IDNA2008 where code points assigned to
Unicode after Unicode 3.2.0 [Unicode-3.2.0] have derived property Unicode after Unicode 3.2.0 [Unicode-3.2.0] have derived property
value calculated according to the algorithm specified in IDNA2008. value calculated according to the algorithm specified in IDNA2008.
o Strict IDNA2008 following IANA which implies stayed at Unicode o Strict IDNA2008 following IANA which implies stayed at Unicode
6.3.0 [Unicode-6.3.0] and treating later assigned code points as 6.3.0 [Unicode-6.3.0] and treating later assigned code points as
UNASSIGNED. UNASSIGNED.
o IDNA2008 algorithm applied to whatever version of Unicode Standard o The IDNA2008 algorithm applied to whatever version of Unicode
exists in the operating system and/or libraries used, regardless Standard exists in the operating system and/or libraries used,
of whether the version is later than Unicode version 6.3.0 or not. regardless of whether the version is later than Unicode version
6.3.0 or not.
o A mix between IDNA2003 and IDNA2008 according to local o A mix between IDNA2003 and IDNA2008 according to local
interpretation of the Unicode Technical Standard #46 [UTS-46]. interpretation of the Unicode Technical Standard #46 [UTS-46].
It is further complicated by having a very diverse implementation of The issue is further complicated by having a very diverse
the requirements in RFC 5894 [RFC5894] that registry operators to implementations of the requirements in RFC 5894 [RFC5894] that
based on the IDNA2008 specification create additional rules for what registry operators to based on the IDNA2008 specification create
code points are allowed to be used for registration. additional rules for what code points are allowed to be used for
registration.
In practice, Unicode Consortium set a maximum set of code points by In practice, the Unicode Consortium set a maximum set of code points
assiging code points in the Unicode Standard. The IDNA2008 rules by assigning code points in the Unicode Standard. The IDNA2008 rules
based on the Unicode Standard create a subset of these by assiging based on the Unicode Standard create a subset of these by assigning
PVALID derived property value to them. The registries (and others the PVALID derived property value to them. Registries (and others
dealing with Internationalized Domain Names) should then create an dealing with Internationalized Domain Names) are supposed to create
even smaller subset that ultimately is the set of code points that an even smaller subset that ultimately is the set of code points that
can be used. can be used in a particular registry.
It is also the case that when these subsets are calculated it is There is further recommendation to be conservative when these subsets
recommended to be conservative and use the inclusion principle, as are calculated and to use the inclusion principle; this is explained
explained in SAC-084 [SAC-084] and RFC 6912 [RFC6912]. in SAC-084 [SAC-084] and RFC 6912 [RFC6912].
The complicated situation with deployment of IDNA2008 is discussed The complicated situation with deployment of IDNA2008 is discussed
further in draft-klensin-idna-rfc5891bis further in draft-klensin-idna-rfc5891bis
[I-D.klensin-idna-rfc5891bis] and draft-freytag-troublesome- [I-D.klensin-idna-rfc5891bis] and draft-freytag-troublesome-
characters [I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters]. characters [I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters].
3. Notable changes between Unicode 6.3.0 and 11.0.0 4. Notable changes between Unicode 6.3.0 and 11.0.0
3.1. Changes to Unicode 7.0.0 4.1. Changes to Unicode 7.0.0
The character ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH HAMZA ABOVE U+08A1 was The character ARABIC LETTER BEH WITH HAMZA ABOVE U+08A1 was
introduced in Unicode 7.0.0. This was discussed in the IETF introduced in Unicode 7.0.0. This was discussed in the IETF
extensively and IAB in their statement [IAB] requesting the IETF to extensively and IAB in their statement [IAB] requesting the IETF to
investigate the issue and specifically IAB stated: investigate the issue and specifically IAB stated:
On the same precautionary principle, the IAB recommends that the On the same precautionary principle, the IAB recommends that the
Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA) Parameters Internationalized Domain Names for Applications (IDNA) Parameters
registry (http://www.iana.org/assignments/idna-tables/) not be registry (http://www.iana.org/assignments/idna-tables/) not be
updated to Unicode 7.0.0 until the IETF has consensus on a updated to Unicode 7.0.0 until the IETF has consensus on a
solution to this problem. solution to this problem.
The discussion in the IETF concluded that although it is possible to The discussion in the IETF concluded that although it is possible to
create "the same" character in multiple ways, the issue with U+08A1 create "the same" character in multiple ways, the issue with U+08A1
is not unique. In the case of U+08A1, it can be represented with the is not unique. In the case of U+08A1, it can be represented with the
sequence ARABIC LETTER BEH (U+0628) and ARABIC HAMZA ABOVE (U+0654). sequence ARABIC LETTER BEH (U+0628) and ARABIC HAMZA ABOVE (U+0654).
Just like LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS (U+00E4) can be Just like LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS (U+00E4) can be
represented via the sequence LATIN SMALL LETTER A (U+0061), and represented via the sequence LATIN SMALL LETTER A (U+0061), and
COMBINING DIAERESIS (U+0308). One difference between these COMBINING DIAERESIS (U+0308). One difference between these sequences
sequencues is how it is treated in the normalization forms specified is how they are treated in the normalization forms specified by the
by the Unicode Consoritum. Unicode Consortium.
As specified in in draft-freytag-troublesome-characters As U+08A1 is discussed in draft-freytag-troublesome-characters
[I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters] it is not recommended to accept [I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters] and elsewhere, regardless of
U+08A1 in the repertoir of characters permissable for registration whether that discussion end in recommending including the code point
and because of this it is accepted to allow the code point to have a in the repertoire of characters permissable for registration or not,
derived property value of PVALID. it is acceptable to allow the code point to have a derived property
value of PVALID.
3.2. Changes to Unicode 11.0.0 4.2. Changes to Unicode 11.0.0
In version 11.0.0 of the Unicode Standard have included a number of The Unicode Standard Version 11.0.0 [Unicode-11.0.0] have included a
changes [Changes-11.0.0], specifically to UnicodeData.txt: number of changes [Changes-11.0.0] from version 10.0.0, specifically
to UnicodeData.txt:
o Entries were added for the 684 new characters, including letters, o Entries were added for the 684 new characters, including letters,
combining marks, digits, symbols, and punctuation marks. combining marks, digits, symbols, and punctuation marks.
o Georgian letters in the ranges U+10D0..U+10FA, U+10FD..U+10FF were o Georgian letters in the ranges U+10D0..U+10FA, U+10FD..U+10FF were
changed from Lo to Ll, to reflect their status as the lowercase of changed from Lo to Ll, to reflect their status as the lowercase of
new Georgian case pairs. Case mappings were also added. new Georgian case pairs. Case mappings were also added.
o U+111C9 SHARADA SANDHI MARK was changed from Po to Mn, and from o U+111C9 SHARADA SANDHI MARK was changed from Po to Mn, and from
bc=L to bc=NSM. bc=L to bc=NSM.
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o U+29A1 SPHERICAL ANGLE OPENING UP was changed to Bidi_M=N. o U+29A1 SPHERICAL ANGLE OPENING UP was changed to Bidi_M=N.
These changes to the Unicode Standard have the following implications These changes to the Unicode Standard have the following implications
for these code points: for these code points:
o The newly assigned 684 characters are to have a derived property o The newly assigned 684 characters are to have a derived property
value as of a result of applying the IDNA2008 algorithm. value as of a result of applying the IDNA2008 algorithm.
o The Georgian letters in the ranges U+10D0..U+10FA and o The Georgian letters in the ranges U+10D0..U+10FA and
U+10FD..U+10FF earlier had derived property value PVALID and U+10FD..U+10FF have existed since before IDNA2008 was created.
continues to have so even if some properties changed. Applying the IDNA2008 algorithm to the code points did assign the
derived property value PVALID and that value is unchanged even if
the underlying Unicode properties have changed.
o The U+111C9 SHARADA SANDHI MARK was added to the Unicode 8.0.0 o The U+111C9 SHARADA SANDHI MARK was added to Unicode 8.0.0
[Unicode-8.0.0]. Applying the IDNA2008 algorithm to the code [Unicode-8.0.0]. Applying the IDNA2008 algorithm to the code
point did assign the derived property value DISALLOWED. The point did assign the derived property value DISALLOWED. The
changes in properties in the Unicode Standard in version 11.0.0 changes in the underlying properties in the Unicode Standard
make the derived property value change to PVALID which according Version 11.0.0 [Unicode-11.0.0] make the derived property value
to discussions in IETF is acceptable. change to PVALID which is an acceptable change.
o The characters U+11A07 ZANABAZAR SQUARE VOWEL SIGN AI and U+11A08 o The characters U+11A07 ZANABAZAR SQUARE VOWEL SIGN AI and U+11A08
ZANABZAR SQUARE VOWEL SIGN AU were added to Unicode 10.0.0 ZANABZAR SQUARE VOWEL SIGN AU were added to Unicode 10.0.0
[Unicode-10.0.0] and applying IDNA2008 algorith to their [Unicode-10.0.0]. Applying the IDNA2008 algorithm to the code
properties gave derived property value PVALID. This does not points did assign the derived property value PVALID and that value
change even if some properties changes in the Unicode Standard for is unchanged even if the underlying Unicode properties have
the code points in question for Unicode version 11.0.0. changed.
o U+29A1 SPHERICAL ANGLE OPENING UP have existed since before o U+29A1 SPHERICAL ANGLE OPENING UP have existed since before
IDNA2008 was created. It have always had the derived property IDNA2008 was created. Applying the IDNA2008 algorithm to the code
value be DISALLOWED and it stays the same although the properties point did assign the derived property value PVALID and that value
changes in Unicode 11.0.0. is unchanged even if the underlying Unicode properties have
changed.
4. Conclusion 5. Conclusion
Given the changes laid out in Section 3 the derived property values Given the changes laid out in Section 4 the derived property values
MUST be calculated according to the IDNA2008 specification for MUST be calculated according to the IDNA2008 specification for
Unicode Version 11.0.0. The changes in code points, implications to Unicode Version 11.0.0 [Unicode-11.0.0]. The changes in code points,
normalization and changes in derived property values are acceptable. implications to normalization and changes in derived property values
are acceptable.
All registries and others SHOULD calculate a repertoir as explained All registries and others SHOULD calculate a repertoir as explained
in draft-freytag-troublesome-characters in draft-freytag-troublesome-characters
[I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters] and draft-klensin-idna- [I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters] and draft-klensin-idna-
rfc5891bis [I-D.klensin-idna-rfc5891bis] using the conservatism and rfc5891bis [I-D.klensin-idna-rfc5891bis] using the conservatism and
inclusive principles as laid out in SAC-084 [SAC-084]. inclusive principles as laid out in SAC-084 [SAC-084].
5. IANA Considerations 6. IANA Considerations
IANA is requested to update the registry of derived property values IANA is requested to update the registry of derived property values
after validation with the Appointed Expert that the derived values after validation with the Appointed Expert that the derived values
are calculated correctly. are calculated correctly.
6. Security Considerations 7. Security Considerations
Not following the recommendations regarding explicitly deciding what Not following the recommendations regarding explicitly deciding what
subset of the by IDNA2008 algorith applied to current Unicode version subset of the by IDNA2008 algorith applied to current Unicode version
should be permissable can lead to various security issues related to should be permissable can lead to various security issues related to
specifically confusability, and that way various phishing attacks. specifically confusability, and that way various phishing attacks.
7. Acknowledgements 8. Acknowledgements
Thanks to John Klensin, Asmus Freytag, Andrew Sullivan and Michel Thanks to John Klensin, Asmus Freytag, Andrew Sullivan and Michel
Suignard for input to this document. Suignard for input to this document.
8. References 9. References
8.1. Normative References 9.1. Normative References
[IAB] Internet Architecture Board, "IAB Statement on Identifiers [IAB] Internet Architecture Board, "IAB Statement on Identifiers
and Unicode 7.0.0", IAB Statement on Identifiers and and Unicode 7.0.0", IAB Statement on Identifiers and
Unicode 7.0.0 Unicode 7.0.0
https://www.iab.org/documents/correspondence-reports- https://www.iab.org/documents/correspondence-reports-
documents/2015-2/iab-statement-on-identifiers-and-unicode- documents/2015-2/iab-statement-on-identifiers-and-unicode-
7-0-0/, January 2015. 7-0-0/, January 2015.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
skipping to change at page 8, line 40 skipping to change at page 9, line 10
[RFC5893] Alvestrand, H., Ed. and C. Karp, "Right-to-Left Scripts [RFC5893] Alvestrand, H., Ed. and C. Karp, "Right-to-Left Scripts
for Internationalized Domain Names for Applications for Internationalized Domain Names for Applications
(IDNA)", RFC 5893, DOI 10.17487/RFC5893, August 2010, (IDNA)", RFC 5893, DOI 10.17487/RFC5893, August 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5893>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5893>.
[RFC6452] Faltstrom, P., Ed. and P. Hoffman, Ed., "The Unicode Code [RFC6452] Faltstrom, P., Ed. and P. Hoffman, Ed., "The Unicode Code
Points and Internationalized Domain Names for Applications Points and Internationalized Domain Names for Applications
(IDNA) - Unicode 6.0", RFC 6452, DOI 10.17487/RFC6452, (IDNA) - Unicode 6.0", RFC 6452, DOI 10.17487/RFC6452,
November 2011, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6452>. November 2011, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6452>.
8.2. Non-normative references 9.2. Non-normative references
[Changes-11.0.0] [Changes-11.0.0]
The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #44", The Unicode Consortium, "Unicode Standard Annex #44",
Unicode Standard Annex #44, UNICODE CHARACTER DATABASE, Unicode Standard Annex #44, UNICODE CHARACTER DATABASE,
Change History https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/ Change History https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/
tr44-21d4.html#Change_History, May 2018. tr44-21d4.html#Change_History, May 2018.
[I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters] [I-D.freytag-troublesome-characters]
Freytag, A., Klensin, J., and A. Sullivan, "Those Freytag, A., Klensin, J., and A. Sullivan, "Those
Troublesome Characters: A Registry of Unicode Code Points Troublesome Characters: A Registry of Unicode Code Points
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