< draft-ietf-6lo-nfc-14.txt		draft-ietf-6lo-nfc-15.txt >
	skipping to change at page 1, line 15 ¶		skipping to change at page 1, line 15 ¶
	Intended status: Standards Track ETRI		Intended status: Standards Track ETRI
	Expires: January 9, 2020 J-S. Youn		Expires: January 9, 2020 J-S. Youn
	Dongeui Univ		Dongeui Univ
	D-K. Kim		D-K. Kim
	KNU		KNU
	J-H. Choi		J-H. Choi
	Samsung Electronics Co.,		Samsung Electronics Co.,
	July 8, 2019		July 8, 2019
	Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Near Field Communication		Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Near Field Communication
	draft-ietf-6lo-nfc-14		draft-ietf-6lo-nfc-15
	Abstract		Abstract
	Near field communication (NFC) is a set of standards for smartphones		Near field communication (NFC) is a set of standards for smartphones
	and portable devices to establish radio communication with each other		and portable devices to establish radio communication with each other
	by touching them together or bringing them into proximity, usually no		by touching them together or bringing them into proximity, usually no
	more than 10 cm. NFC standards cover communications protocols and		more than 10 cm apart. NFC standards cover communications protocols
	data exchange formats, and are based on existing radio-frequency		and data exchange formats, and are based on existing radio-frequency
	identification (RFID) standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa.		identification (RFID) standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa.
	The standards include ISO/IEC 18092 and those defined by the NFC		The standards include ISO/IEC 18092 and those defined by the NFC
	Forum. The NFC technology has been widely implemented and available		Forum. The NFC technology has been widely implemented and available
	in mobile phones, laptop computers, and many other devices. This		in mobile phones, laptop computers, and many other devices. This
	document describes how IPv6 is transmitted over NFC using 6LowPAN		document describes how IPv6 is transmitted over NFC using 6LoWPAN
	techniques.		techniques.
	Status of This Memo		Status of This Memo
	This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the		This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
	provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.		provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
	Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering		Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
	Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute		Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
	working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-		working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
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	NFC is a set of short-range wireless technologies, typically		NFC is a set of short-range wireless technologies, typically
	requiring a distance of 10 cm or less. NFC operates at 13.56 MHz on		requiring a distance of 10 cm or less. NFC operates at 13.56 MHz on
	ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface and at rates ranging from 106 kbit/s to		ISO/IEC 18000-3 air interface and at rates ranging from 106 kbit/s to
	424 kbit/s [ECMA-340]. NFC always involves an initiator and a		424 kbit/s [ECMA-340]. NFC always involves an initiator and a
	target; the initiator actively generates an RF field that can power a		target; the initiator actively generates an RF field that can power a
	passive target. This enables NFC targets to take very simple form		passive target. This enables NFC targets to take very simple form
	factors such as tags, stickers, key fobs, or cards that do not		factors such as tags, stickers, key fobs, or cards that do not
	require batteries. NFC peer-to-peer communication is possible,		require batteries. NFC peer-to-peer communication is possible,
	provided both devices are powered. NFC builds upon RFID systems by		provided both devices are powered. NFC builds upon RFID systems by
	allowing two-way communication between endpoints. At the time of		allowing two-way communication between endpoints. At the time of
	this writing, it had been used in devices such as mobile phones,		this writing, it has been used in devices such as mobile phones,
	running Android operating system, named with a feature called		running Android operating system, named with a feature called
	"Android Beam". It was expected for the other mobile phones, running		"Android Beam". It is expected for the other mobile phones, running
	the other operating systems (e.g., iOS, etc.) to be equipped with NFC		other operating systems (e.g., iOS, etc.) to be equipped with NFC
	technology in the near future.		technology in the near future.
	Considering the potential for exponential growth in the number of		Considering exponential growth in the number of heterogeneous air
	heterogeneous air interface technologies, NFC has been widely used		interface technologies, NFC has been widely used like Bluetooth Low
	like Bluetooth Low Energy (BT-LE), Wi-Fi, and so on. Each of the		Energy (BT-LE), Wi-Fi, and so on. Each of the heterogeneous air
	heterogeneous air interface technologies has its own characteristics,		interface technologies has its own characteristics, which cannot be
	which cannot be covered by the other technologies, so various kinds		covered by the other technologies, so various kinds of air interface
	of air interface technologies would co-exist together. NFC can		technologies would co-exist together. NFC can provide secured
	provide secured communications with its short transmission range.		communications with its short transmission range.
	When the number of devices and things having different air interface		When the number of devices and things having different air interface
	technologies communicate with each other, IPv6 is an ideal internet		technologies communicate with each other, IPv6 is an ideal internet
	protocol owing to its large address space. Also, NFC would be one of		protocol owing to its large address space. Also, NFC would be one of
	the endpoints using IPv6. Therefore, this document describes how		the endpoints using IPv6. Therefore, this document describes how
	IPv6 is transmitted over NFC using 6LoWPAN techniques.		IPv6 is transmitted over NFC using 6LoWPAN techniques.
	[RFC4944] specifies the transmission of IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4. The		[RFC4944] specifies the transmission of IPv6 over IEEE 802.15.4. The
	NFC link also has similar characteristics to that of IEEE 802.15.4.		NFC link also has similar characteristics to that of IEEE 802.15.4.
	Many of the mechanisms defined in [RFC4944] can be applied to the		Many of the mechanisms defined in [RFC4944] can be applied to the
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	transmitting IPv6 packets because the RF distance between 6LN and		transmitting IPv6 packets because the RF distance between 6LN and
	6LBR is typically within 10 cm. If any third party wants to hack		6LBR is typically within 10 cm. If any third party wants to hack
	into the RF between them, it must come to nearly touch them.		into the RF between them, it must come to nearly touch them.
	Applications can choose which kinds of air interfaces (e.g., BT-LE,		Applications can choose which kinds of air interfaces (e.g., BT-LE,
	Wi-Fi, NFC, etc.) to send data depending on the characteristics of		Wi-Fi, NFC, etc.) to send data depending on the characteristics of
	the data.		the data.
	Figure 10 illustrates an example of an NFC-enabled device network		Figure 10 illustrates an example of an NFC-enabled device network
	connected to the Internet. The distance between 6LN and 6LBR is		connected to the Internet. The distance between 6LN and 6LBR is
	typically 10 cm or less. If there is any laptop computers close to a		typically 10 cm or less. If there is any laptop computers close to a
	user, it will become the a 6LBR. Additionally, when the user mounts		user, it will become a 6LBR. Additionally, when the user mounts an
	an NFC-enabled air interface adapter (e.g., portable NFC dongle) on		NFC-enabled air interface adapter (e.g., portable NFC dongle) on the
	the close laptop PC, the user's NFC-enabled device (6LN) can		close laptop PC, the user's NFC-enabled device (6LN) can communicate
	communicate with the laptop PC (6LBR) within 10 cm distance.		with the laptop PC (6LBR) within 10 cm distance.
	************		************
	6LN ------------------- 6LBR -----* Internet *------- CN		6LN ------------------- 6LBR -----* Internet *------- CN
	| (dis. 10 cm or less) | ************ |		| (dis. 10 cm or less) | ************ |
	| | |		| | |
	| <-------- NFC -------> | <----- IPv6 packet ------> |		| <-------- NFC -------> | <----- IPv6 packet ------> |
	| (IPv6 over NFC packet) | |		| (IPv6 over NFC packet) | |
	Figure 10: NFC-enabled device network connected to the Internet		Figure 10: NFC-enabled device network connected to the Internet
	Two or more LNs are connected with a 6LBR, but each connection uses a		Two or more 6LNs are connected with a 6LBR, but each connection uses
	different subnet. The 6LBR is acting as a router and forwarding		a different subnet. The 6LBR is acting as a router and forwarding
	packets between 6LNs and the Internet. Also, the 6LBR MUST ensure		packets between 6LNs and the Internet. Also, the 6LBR MUST ensure
	address collisions do not occur and forwards packets sent by one 6LN		address collisions do not occur and forwards packets sent by one 6LN
	to another.		to another.
	5.2. Isolated NFC-enabled Device Network		5.2. Isolated NFC-enabled Device Network
	In some scenarios, the NFC-enabled device network may transiently be		In some scenarios, the NFC-enabled device network may transiently be
	a simple isolated network as shown in the Figure 11.		a simple isolated network as shown in the Figure 11.
	6LN ---------------------- 6LR ---------------------- 6LN		6LN ---------------------- 6LR ---------------------- 6LN
	| (10 cm or less) | (10 cm or less) |		| (10 cm or less) | (10 cm or less) |
	| | |		| | |
	| <--------- NFC --------> | <--------- NFC --------> |		| <--------- NFC --------> | <--------- NFC --------> |
	| (IPv6 over NFC packet) | (IPv6 over NFC packet) |		| (IPv6 over NFC packet) | (IPv6 over NFC packet) |
	Figure 11: Isolated NFC-enabled device network		Figure 11: Isolated NFC-enabled device network
	In mobile phone markets, applications are designed and made by user		In mobile phone markets, applications are designed and made by user
	developers. They may image interesting applications, where three or		developers. They may image interesting applications, where three or
	more mobile phones touch or attach each other to accomplish		more mobile phones touch or attach each other to work achieve a
	performance. In an isolated NFC-enabled device network, when two or		common objective. In an isolated NFC-enabled device network, when
	more LRs are connected with each other, and then they are acting like		two or more 6LRs are connected with each other, and then they are
	routers, the 6LR MUST ensure address collisions do not occur.		acting like routers, the 6LR MUST ensure address collisions do not
			occur.
	6. IANA Considerations		6. IANA Considerations
	There are no IANA considerations related to this document.		There are no IANA considerations related to this document.
	7. Security Considerations		7. Security Considerations
	This document does not RECOMMEND sending NFC packets over the		This document does not RECOMMEND sending NFC packets over the
	Internet or any unsecured network.		Internet or any unsecured network.
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