| < draft-ietf-autoconf-manetarch-06.txt | draft-ietf-autoconf-manetarch-07.txt > | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MANET Autoconfiguration (AUTOCONF) I. Chakeres | MANET Autoconfiguration (AUTOCONF) I. Chakeres | |||
| Internet-Draft Motorola | Internet-Draft Motorola | |||
| Intended status: Informational J. Macker | Intended status: Informational J. Macker | |||
| Expires: April 5, 2008 Naval Research Laboratory | Expires: May 11, 2008 Naval Research Laboratory | |||
| T. Clausen | T. Clausen | |||
| LIX, Ecole Polytechnique | LIX, Ecole Polytechnique | |||
| October 3, 2007 | November 8, 2007 | |||
| Mobile Ad hoc Network Architecture | Mobile Ad hoc Network Architecture | |||
| draft-ietf-autoconf-manetarch-06 | draft-ietf-autoconf-manetarch-07 | |||
| Status of this Memo | Status of this Memo | |||
| By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any | By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any | |||
| applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware | applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware | |||
| have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes | have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes | |||
| aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. | aware will be disclosed, in accordance with Section 6 of BCP 79. | |||
| Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | |||
| Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that | Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that | |||
| skipping to change at page 1, line 37 ¶ | skipping to change at page 1, line 37 ¶ | |||
| and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | |||
| time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | |||
| material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | |||
| The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at | The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at | |||
| http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. | http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. | |||
| The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at | The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at | |||
| http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. | http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. | |||
| This Internet-Draft will expire on April 5, 2008. | This Internet-Draft will expire on May 11, 2008. | |||
| Copyright Notice | Copyright Notice | |||
| Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). | Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). | |||
| Abstract | Abstract | |||
| This document discusses Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs). It presents | This document discusses Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs). It presents | |||
| the initial motivation for MANET and describes unaccustomed | the initial motivation for MANET and describes unaccustomed | |||
| characteristics and challenges. It also defines a MANET, other MANET | characteristics and challenges. It also defines a MANET, other MANET | |||
| skipping to change at page 3, line 29 ¶ | skipping to change at page 3, line 29 ¶ | |||
| This document is meant to complement [RFC2501] in describing and | This document is meant to complement [RFC2501] in describing and | |||
| defining MANET. | defining MANET. | |||
| 2. Terminology | 2. Terminology | |||
| Owing to the fact that a MANET, as described in this document, is an | Owing to the fact that a MANET, as described in this document, is an | |||
| instance of an IP network, much of the terminology employed in this | instance of an IP network, much of the terminology employed in this | |||
| document is borrowed from existing documents. Some of the documents | document is borrowed from existing documents. Some of the documents | |||
| that contain relevant terminology are [RFC1812], [RFC2328], | that contain relevant terminology are [RFC1812], [RFC2328], | |||
| [RFC2453], [RFC2460], [RFC2461], [RFC4291], [RFC3753], and [RFC4903]. | [RFC2453], [RFC2460], [RFC4861], [RFC4291], [RFC3753], and [RFC4903]. | |||
| In some cases the terminology is slightly abbreviated or rephrased; | In some cases the terminology is slightly abbreviated or rephrased; | |||
| although, every effort made to retain the meanings. Borrowed | although, every effort made to retain the meanings. Borrowed | |||
| terminology is provided in Section 2.1 with the intent of providing a | terminology is provided in Section 2.1 with the intent of providing a | |||
| complete discussion of MANETs using coherent terminology. MANET | complete discussion of MANETs using coherent terminology. MANET | |||
| specific terminology is provided in Section 2.2. | specific terminology is provided in Section 2.2. | |||
| 2.1. Borrowed Terminology | 2.1. Borrowed Terminology | |||
| This document employs the following definitions: | This document employs the following definitions: | |||
| skipping to change at page 8, line 20 ¶ | skipping to change at page 8, line 20 ¶ | |||
| and development. | and development. | |||
| 4.1. Qualities - Wireless, Mobile, Ad hoc | 4.1. Qualities - Wireless, Mobile, Ad hoc | |||
| In MANETs several qualities impact protocol design. The most | In MANETs several qualities impact protocol design. The most | |||
| fundamental qualities are wireless interface characteristics, | fundamental qualities are wireless interface characteristics, | |||
| mobility, and ad hoc interaction. | mobility, and ad hoc interaction. | |||
| Wireless interfaces often exhibit more challenging characteristics | Wireless interfaces often exhibit more challenging characteristics | |||
| when compared to wired interfaces. Many protocols (e.g., IPv6 | when compared to wired interfaces. Many protocols (e.g., IPv6 | |||
| neighbor discovery [RFC2461]) were not designed to operate in | neighbor discovery [RFC4861]) were not designed to operate in | |||
| wireless networks with asymmetric reachability. Wireless interfaces | wireless networks with asymmetric reachability. Wireless interfaces | |||
| may also exhibit very dynamic time varying performance (e.g., packet | may also exhibit very dynamic time varying performance (e.g., packet | |||
| loss, data rate), and the factors have a significant impact on local | loss, data rate), and the factors have a significant impact on local | |||
| communication. | communication. | |||
| Mobility can also exacerbate communication issues, making it more | Mobility can also exacerbate communication issues, making it more | |||
| challenging to attain, establish, and maintain network relationships | challenging to attain, establish, and maintain network relationships | |||
| between nodes. | between nodes. | |||
| Ad hoc networking further compounds problems by allowing nodes to | Ad hoc networking further compounds problems by allowing nodes to | |||
| skipping to change at page 9, line 48 ¶ | skipping to change at page 9, line 48 ¶ | |||
| Defining the process of determining neighboring MANET routers' | Defining the process of determining neighboring MANET routers' | |||
| existence, continued existence, and loss of existence is a | existence, continued existence, and loss of existence is a | |||
| fundamental challenge in MANETs. Relationships with neighboring | fundamental challenge in MANETs. Relationships with neighboring | |||
| MANET routers are hard to define due to the MANET interface | MANET routers are hard to define due to the MANET interface | |||
| characteristics. | characteristics. | |||
| Historically, two nodes are either neighbors or not neighbors and | Historically, two nodes are either neighbors or not neighbors and | |||
| several simple mechanisms have been used to determine neighbor | several simple mechanisms have been used to determine neighbor | |||
| relationships: single packet reception, acceptable loss rates, and | relationships: single packet reception, acceptable loss rates, and | |||
| simple handshakes. [RFC2461], for example, employs an initial | simple handshakes. [RFC4861], for example, employs an initial | |||
| exchange of messages to determine neighborship or absence thereof. | exchange of messages to determine neighborship or absence thereof. | |||
| In networks with MANET interface the types of neighbor relationships | In networks with MANET interface the types of neighbor relationships | |||
| expand, as do the mechanisms to detect and maintain the state of such | expand, as do the mechanisms to detect and maintain the state of such | |||
| relationships. | relationships. | |||
| Wireless network interfaces may exhibit unidirectional communication. | Wireless network interfaces may exhibit unidirectional communication. | |||
| Dynamic wireless networks may also experience significant time | Dynamic wireless networks may also experience significant time | |||
| varying packet delivery between the same pair of wireless network | varying packet delivery between the same pair of wireless network | |||
| interfaces, so simple loss rates may not be sufficient to define a | interfaces, so simple loss rates may not be sufficient to define a | |||
| neighbor relationship. Similarly, as nodes (and, hence, interfaces) | neighbor relationship. Similarly, as nodes (and, hence, interfaces) | |||
| skipping to change at page 12, line 23 ¶ | skipping to change at page 12, line 23 ¶ | |||
| This configuration implies that, from the point of view of these | This configuration implies that, from the point of view of these | |||
| nodes and the applications running on them, they are not exposed to | nodes and the applications running on them, they are not exposed to | |||
| the specific characteristics of MANET interfaces. | the specific characteristics of MANET interfaces. | |||
| A MANET router can be delegated zero or more prefixes. For example, | A MANET router can be delegated zero or more prefixes. For example, | |||
| if a MANET router is delegated a prefix p::, then subnet prefixes | if a MANET router is delegated a prefix p::, then subnet prefixes | |||
| derived from this prefix (e.g, p:1::/64, p:2::/64, ...) may be | derived from this prefix (e.g, p:1::/64, p:2::/64, ...) may be | |||
| assigned to the MANET routers' non-MANET interfaces(s), and nodes on | assigned to the MANET routers' non-MANET interfaces(s), and nodes on | |||
| these interfaces may be assigned addresses from within this prefix, | these interfaces may be assigned addresses from within this prefix, | |||
| and configured with this prefix according to the address | and configured with this prefix according to the address | |||
| autoconfiguration mechanisms governing these interfaces ([RFC2461] | autoconfiguration mechanisms governing these interfaces ([RFC4861] | |||
| and [RFC2462]). This concept is illustrated in Figure 6. | and [RFC4862]). This concept is illustrated in Figure 6. | |||
| MANET interfaces are specifically *NOT* configured with this prefix. | MANET interfaces are specifically *NOT* configured with this prefix. | |||
| The configuration of these MANET interfaces is detailed in | The configuration of these MANET interfaces is detailed in | |||
| Section 5.2. | Section 5.2. | |||
| MANET <~~~~~~+~~~~~~> | MANET <~~~~~~+~~~~~~> | |||
| Interface | Delegated | Interface | Delegated | |||
| | Prefix | | Prefix | |||
| ''''''''''''''''''''' ========== | ''''''''''''''''''''' ========== | |||
| ' MANET ' <=== P::/62 = | ' MANET ' <=== P::/62 = | |||
| ' Router ' ========== | ' Router ' ========== | |||
| ''''''''' : ' Assigned | ''''''''' : ' Assigned | |||
| : ' : ' Prefix | : ' : ' Prefix | |||
| : ' +--------+' ============ | : '++--------+' ============ | |||
| ============ : ' |Loopback|' <=== P:1::/64 = | : '|Loopback |' <=== P:1::/64 = | |||
| = : = : ' +--------+' ============ | ============ : '|P:1::L/64|' ============ | |||
| = : = : '+---------+' | ||||
| = Other = : ''''''''''''' Assigned | = Other = : ''''''''''''' Assigned | |||
| =Interfaces= : Prefix | =Interfaces= : Prefix | |||
| ============ : ============ | ============ : ============ | |||
| +......+......+ <=== P:2::/64 = | +...+...........+ <=== P:2::/64 = | |||
| : : ============ | : : ============ | |||
| +-+-+ +-+-+ | +------+--+ +--+------+ | |||
| | N | * * * | N | | |P:2::1/64| * * * |P:2::K/64| | |||
| +---+ +---+ | +---------+ +---------+ | |||
| P:2::1 P:2::K | ||||
| Figure 6: MANET Router and Prefixes Example | Figure 6: MANET Router and Prefixes Example | |||
| 5.2. MANET Interface Configuration | 5.2. MANET Interface Configuration | |||
| MANET interface specific behaviors are exclusively exposed to the | MANET interface specific behaviors are exclusively exposed to the | |||
| MANET routers. These behaviors may include asymmetric reachability, | MANET routers. These behaviors may include asymmetric reachability, | |||
| semi-broadcast interfaces, fuzzy MANET router neighbor relationships, | semi-broadcast interfaces, fuzzy MANET router neighbor relationships, | |||
| changing MANET membership, rapid topology dynamics, etc. | changing MANET membership, rapid topology dynamics, etc. | |||
| The following characteristics deserve particular mention, since they | The following characteristics deserve particular mention, since they | |||
| skipping to change at page 17, line 45 ¶ | skipping to change at page 17, line 45 ¶ | |||
| Discussions and developments concepts and architectural issues have | Discussions and developments concepts and architectural issues have | |||
| evolved over many years of discussion of related work within the | evolved over many years of discussion of related work within the | |||
| MANET WG. There are obviously many people that have contributed to | MANET WG. There are obviously many people that have contributed to | |||
| past discussions and related draft documents within the WG that have | past discussions and related draft documents within the WG that have | |||
| influenced the development of these concepts that deserve | influenced the development of these concepts that deserve | |||
| acknowledgment. The authors would like to thank all contributors to | acknowledgment. The authors would like to thank all contributors to | |||
| the MANET and AUTOCONF WG efforts and those that have helped in the | the MANET and AUTOCONF WG efforts and those that have helped in the | |||
| review and content process. | review and content process. | |||
| While not entirely complete the authors would like to in particular | While not entirely complete the authors would like to in particular | |||
| thank the following individuals for exhaustive discussions and | thank the following individuals for extensive discussions and | |||
| valuable contributions: | valuable contributions: | |||
| Jari Arkko | Jari Arkko | |||
| Emmanuel Baccelli | Emmanuel Baccelli | |||
| Alan Cullen | Alan Cullen | |||
| Justin Dean | Justin Dean | |||
| Christopher Dearlove | Christopher Dearlove | |||
| skipping to change at page 18, line 49 ¶ | skipping to change at page 18, line 49 ¶ | |||
| RFC 1812, June 1995. | RFC 1812, June 1995. | |||
| [RFC2328] Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", STD 54, RFC 2328, April 1998. | [RFC2328] Moy, J., "OSPF Version 2", STD 54, RFC 2328, April 1998. | |||
| [RFC2453] Malkin, G., "RIP Version 2", STD 56, RFC 2453, | [RFC2453] Malkin, G., "RIP Version 2", STD 56, RFC 2453, | |||
| November 1998. | November 1998. | |||
| [RFC2460] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 | [RFC2460] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 | |||
| (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998. | (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998. | |||
| [RFC2461] Narten, T., Nordmark, E., and W. Simpson, "Neighbor | ||||
| Discovery for IP Version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 2461, | ||||
| December 1998. | ||||
| [RFC2462] Thomson, S. and T. Narten, "IPv6 Stateless Address | ||||
| Autoconfiguration", RFC 2462, December 1998. | ||||
| [RFC2501] Corson, M. and J. Macker, "Mobile Ad hoc Networking | [RFC2501] Corson, M. and J. Macker, "Mobile Ad hoc Networking | |||
| (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and | (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and | |||
| Evaluation Considerations", RFC 2501, January 1999. | Evaluation Considerations", RFC 2501, January 1999. | |||
| [RFC3753] Manner, J. and M. Kojo, "Mobility Related Terminology", | [RFC3753] Manner, J. and M. Kojo, "Mobility Related Terminology", | |||
| RFC 3753, June 2004. | RFC 3753, June 2004. | |||
| [RFC4291] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing | [RFC4291] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing | |||
| Architecture", RFC 4291, February 2006. | Architecture", RFC 4291, February 2006. | |||
| [RFC4861] Narten, T., Nordmark, E., Simpson, W., and H. Soliman, | ||||
| "Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 4861, | ||||
| September 2007. | ||||
| [RFC4862] Thomson, S., Narten, T., and T. Jinmei, "IPv6 Stateless | ||||
| Address Autoconfiguration", RFC 4862, September 2007. | ||||
| [RFC4903] Thaler, D., "Multi-Link Subnet Issues", RFC 4903, | [RFC4903] Thaler, D., "Multi-Link Subnet Issues", RFC 4903, | |||
| June 2007. | June 2007. | |||
| Authors' Addresses | Authors' Addresses | |||
| Ian D Chakeres | Ian D Chakeres | |||
| Motorola | Motorola | |||
| Bagmane Tech Park | Bagmane Tech Park | |||
| 66/1, Plot 5, CV Raman Nagar | 66/1, Plot 5, CV Raman Nagar | |||
| Bangalore, Karnataka 560093 | Bangalore, Karnataka 560093 | |||
| End of changes. 13 change blocks. | ||||
| 27 lines changed or deleted | 26 lines changed or added | |||
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