| < draft-ietf-mpls-sfc-encapsulation-02.txt | draft-ietf-mpls-sfc-encapsulation-03.txt > | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MPLS Working Group A. Malis | MPLS Working Group A. Malis | |||
| Internet-Draft S. Bryant | Internet-Draft S. Bryant | |||
| Intended status: Informational Huawei Technologies | Intended status: Informational Huawei Technologies | |||
| Expires: June 14, 2019 J. Halpern | Expires: September 1, 2019 J. Halpern | |||
| Ericsson | Ericsson | |||
| W. Henderickx | W. Henderickx | |||
| Nokia | Nokia | |||
| December 11, 2018 | February 28, 2019 | |||
| MPLS Encapsulation For The SFC NSH | MPLS Transport Encapsulation For The SFC NSH | |||
| draft-ietf-mpls-sfc-encapsulation-02 | draft-ietf-mpls-sfc-encapsulation-03 | |||
| Abstract | Abstract | |||
| This document describes how to use a Service Function Forwarder (SFF) | This document describes how to use a Service Function Forwarder (SFF) | |||
| Label (similar to a pseudowire label or VPN label) to indicate the | Label (similar to a pseudowire label or VPN label) to indicate the | |||
| presence of a Service Function Chaining (SFC) Network Service Header | presence of a Service Function Chaining (SFC) Network Service Header | |||
| (NSH) between an MPLS label stack and the packet payload. This | (NSH) between an MPLS label stack and the packet original packet/ | |||
| allows SFC packets using the NSH to be forwarded between SFFs over an | frame. This allows SFC packets using the NSH to be forwarded between | |||
| MPLS network, and to select one of multiple SFFs in the destination | SFFs over an MPLS network, and to select one of multiple SFFs in the | |||
| MPLS node. | destination MPLS node. | |||
| Status of This Memo | Status of This Memo | |||
| This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the | This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the | |||
| provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. | provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. | |||
| Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering | |||
| Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute | Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute | |||
| working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- | working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- | |||
| Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. | Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. | |||
| Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months | Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months | |||
| and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any | |||
| time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference | |||
| material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." | |||
| This Internet-Draft will expire on June 14, 2019. | This Internet-Draft will expire on September 1, 2019. | |||
| Copyright Notice | Copyright Notice | |||
| Copyright (c) 2018 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the | Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the | |||
| document authors. All rights reserved. | document authors. All rights reserved. | |||
| This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal | This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal | |||
| Provisions Relating to IETF Documents | Provisions Relating to IETF Documents | |||
| (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of | (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of | |||
| publication of this document. Please review these documents | publication of this document. Please review these documents | |||
| carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect | carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect | |||
| to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must | to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must | |||
| include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of | include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of | |||
| the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as | the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as | |||
| described in the Simplified BSD License. | described in the Simplified BSD License. | |||
| Table of Contents | Table of Contents | |||
| 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 | |||
| 1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | ||||
| 2. MPLS Encapsulation Using an SFF Label . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | 2. MPLS Encapsulation Using an SFF Label . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 | |||
| 2.1. MPLS Label Stack Construction at the Sending Node . . . . 3 | 2.1. MPLS Label Stack Construction at the Sending Node . . . . 4 | |||
| 2.2. SFF Label Processing at the Destination Node . . . . . . 4 | 2.2. SFF Label Processing at the Destination Node . . . . . . 5 | |||
| 3. Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) Considerations . . . . . . . . . 4 | 3. Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) Considerations . . . . . . . . . 5 | |||
| 4. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) | 4. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) | |||
| Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | |||
| 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | |||
| 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 | 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | |||
| 7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 7. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | |||
| 8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 | 8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | |||
| Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 | Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 | |||
| 1. Introduction | 1. Introduction | |||
| As discussed in [RFC8300], a number of transport encapsulations for | As discussed in [RFC8300], a number of transport encapsulations for | |||
| the Service Function Chaining (SFC) Network Service Header (NSH) | the Service Function Chaining (SFC) Network Service Header (NSH) | |||
| already exist, such as Ethernet, UDP, GRE, and others. | already exist, such as Ethernet, UDP, GRE, and others. | |||
| This document describes an MPLS transport encapsulation for the NSH | This document describes an MPLS transport encapsulation for the NSH | |||
| and how to use a Service Function Forwarder (SFF) [RFC7665] Label to | and how to use a Service Function Forwarder (SFF) [RFC7665] Label to | |||
| indicate the presence of the NSH in the MPLS packet payload. This | indicate the presence of the NSH in the MPLS packet payload. This | |||
| allows SFC packets using the NSH to be forwarded between SFFs in an | allows SFC packets using the NSH to be forwarded between SFFs in an | |||
| MPLS transport network, where MPLS is used to interconnect the | MPLS transport network, where MPLS is used to interconnect the | |||
| network nodes that contain one or more SFFs. The label is also used | network nodes that contain one or more SFFs. The label is also used | |||
| to select between multiple SFFs in the destination MPLS node. | to select between multiple SFFs in the destination MPLS node. | |||
| This encapsulation is equivalent from an SFC perspective to other | ||||
| transport encapsulations of packets using the NSH. This can be | ||||
| illustrated by adding an additional line to the example of a next-hop | ||||
| SPI/SI-to-network overlay network locator mapping in Table 1 of | ||||
| [RFC8300]: | ||||
| +------+------+---------------------+-------------------------+ | ||||
| | SPI | SI | Next Hop(s) | Transport Encapsulation | | ||||
| +------+------+---------------------+-------------------------+ | ||||
| | 25 | 220 | Label 5467 | MPLS | | ||||
| +------+------+---------------------+-------------------------+ | ||||
| Table 1: Extension to RFC 8300 Table 1 | ||||
| SFF Labels are similar to other service labels at the bottom of an | SFF Labels are similar to other service labels at the bottom of an | |||
| MPLS label stack that denote the contents of the MPLS payload being | MPLS label stack that denote the contents of the MPLS payload being | |||
| other than IP, such as a layer 2 pseudowire, an IP packet that is | other than a normally routed IP packet, such as a layer 2 pseudowire, | |||
| routed in a VPN context with a private address, or an Ethernet | an IP packet that is routed in a VPN context with a private address, | |||
| virtual private wire service. | or an Ethernet virtual private wire service. | |||
| This informational document follows well-established MPLS procedures | This informational document follows well-established MPLS procedures | |||
| and does not require any actions by IANA or any new protocol | and does not require any actions by IANA or any new protocol | |||
| extensions. | extensions. | |||
| Note that using the MPLS label stack as a replacement for the SFC | Note that using the MPLS label stack as a replacement for the SFC | |||
| NSH, covering use cases that do not require per-packet metadata, is | NSH, covering use cases that do not require per-packet metadata, is | |||
| described elsewhere [I-D.ietf-mpls-sfc]. | described elsewhere [I-D.ietf-mpls-sfc]. | |||
| 1.1. Terminology | ||||
| The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", | ||||
| "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and | ||||
| "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP | ||||
| 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all | ||||
| capitals, as shown here. | ||||
| 2. MPLS Encapsulation Using an SFF Label | 2. MPLS Encapsulation Using an SFF Label | |||
| The encapsulation is a standard MPLS label stack [RFC3032] with an | The encapsulation is a standard MPLS label stack [RFC3032] with an | |||
| SFF Label at the bottom of the stack, followed by a NSH as defined by | SFF Label at the bottom of the stack, followed by a NSH as defined by | |||
| [RFC8300] and the NSH payload. | [RFC8300] and the NSH original packet/frame. | |||
| Much like a pseudowire label, an SFF Label is allocated by the | Much like a pseudowire label, an SFF Label MUST be allocated by the | |||
| downstream receiver of the NSH from its per-platform label space. | downstream receiver of the NSH from its per-platform label space, | |||
| since the meaning of the label is identical independent of which | ||||
| incoming interface it is received [RFC3031]. | ||||
| If a receiving node supports more than one SFF (i.e, more than one | If a receiving node supports more than one SFF (i.e., more than one | |||
| SFC forwarding instance), then the SFF Label can be used to select | SFC forwarding instance), then the SFF Label can be used to select | |||
| the proper SFF, by having the receiving node advertise more than one | the proper SFF, by having the receiving node advertise more than one | |||
| SFF Label to its upstream sending nodes as appropriate. | SFF Label to its upstream sending nodes as appropriate. | |||
| The method used by the downstream receiving node to advertise SFF | The method used by the downstream receiving node to advertise SFF | |||
| Labels to the upstream sending node is out of scope of this document. | Labels to the upstream sending node is out of scope of this document. | |||
| That said, a number of methods are possible, such as via a protocol | That said, a number of methods are possible, such as via a protocol | |||
| exchange, or via a controller that manages both the sender and the | exchange, or via a controller that manages both the sender and the | |||
| receiver using NETCONF/YANG, BGP, PCEP, etc. These are meant as | receiver using NETCONF/YANG, BGP, PCEP, etc. One such BGP-based | |||
| possible examples and not to constrain the future definition of such | method has already been defined, and is documented in | |||
| advertisement methods. | [I-D.ietf-bess-nsh-bgp-control-plane]. This does not constrain the | |||
| further definition of other such advertisement methods in the future. | ||||
| While the SFF label will usually be at the bottom of the label stack, | While the SFF label will usually be at the bottom of the label stack, | |||
| there may be cases where there are additional label stack entries | there may be cases where there are additional label stack entries | |||
| beneath it. For example, when an ACH is carried that applies to the | beneath it. For example, when an Associated Channel Header (ACH) is | |||
| SFF, a GAL [RFC5586] will be in the label stack below the SFF. | carried that applies to the SFF, a Generic Associated Channel Label | |||
| Similarly, an Entropy Label Indicator/Entropy Label (ELI/EL) | (GAL) [RFC5586] will be in the label stack below the SFF. Similarly, | |||
| [RFC6790] may be carried below the SFF in the label stack. This is | an Entropy Label Indicator/Entropy Label (ELI/EL) [RFC6790] may be | |||
| identical to the situation with VPN labels. | carried below the SFF in the label stack. This is identical to the | |||
| situation with VPN labels. | ||||
| This document does not define a use for the Traffic Class (TC) field | ||||
| [RFC5462] (formerly known as the Experimental Use (EXP) bits | ||||
| [RFC3032]) in the SFF Label. | ||||
| 2.1. MPLS Label Stack Construction at the Sending Node | 2.1. MPLS Label Stack Construction at the Sending Node | |||
| When one SFF wishes to send an SFC packet with a NSH to another SFF | When one SFF wishes to send an SFC packet with a NSH to another SFF | |||
| over an MPLS transport network, a label stack needs to be constructed | over an MPLS transport network, a label stack needs to be constructed | |||
| by the MPLS node that contains the sending SFF in order to transport | by the MPLS node that contains the sending SFF in order to transport | |||
| the packet to the destination MPLS node that contains the receiving | the packet to the destination MPLS node that contains the receiving | |||
| SFF. The label stack is constructed as follows: | SFF. The label stack is constructed as follows: | |||
| 1. Push zero or more labels that are interpreted by the destination | 1. Push zero or more labels that are interpreted by the destination | |||
| MPLS node on to the packet, such as the Generic Associated | MPLS node on to the packet, such as the Generic Associated | |||
| Channel [RFC5586] label (see Section 4). | Channel [RFC5586] label (see Section 4). The TTL For these | |||
| labels is set according to the relevant standards that define | ||||
| these labels. | ||||
| 2. Push the SFF Label to identify the desired SFF in the receiving | 2. Push the SFF Label to identify the desired SFF in the receiving | |||
| MPLS node. | MPLS node. The TTL For this MPLS label MUST be set to one to | |||
| avoid mis-forwarding. | ||||
| 3. Push zero or more additional labels such that (a) the resulting | 3. Push zero or more additional labels such that (a) the resulting | |||
| label stack will cause the packet to be transported to the | label stack will cause the packet to be transported to the | |||
| destination MPLS node, and (b) when the packet arrives at the | destination MPLS node, and (b) when the packet arrives at the | |||
| destination node, either: | destination node, either: | |||
| * the SFF Label will be at the top of the label stack (this is | * the SFF Label will be at the top of the label stack (this is | |||
| typically the case when penultimate hop popping is used at the | typically the case when penultimate hop popping is used at the | |||
| penultimate node, or the source and destination nodes are | penultimate node, or the source and destination nodes are | |||
| direct neighbors), or | direct neighbors), or | |||
| * as a part of normal MPLS processing, the SFF Label becomes the | * as a part of normal MPLS processing, the SFF Label becomes the | |||
| top label in the stack before the packet is forwarded to | top label in the stack before the packet is forwarded to | |||
| another node and before the packet is dispatched to a higher | another node and before the packet is dispatched to a higher | |||
| layer. | layer. | |||
| The TTL for these labels is set by configuration, or set to the | ||||
| defaults for normal MPLS operation in the network. | ||||
| 2.2. SFF Label Processing at the Destination Node | 2.2. SFF Label Processing at the Destination Node | |||
| The destination MPLS node performs a lookup on the SFF label to | The destination MPLS node performs a lookup on the SFF label to | |||
| retrieve the next-hop context between the SFF and SF, e.g. to | retrieve the next-hop context between the SFF and SF, e.g. to | |||
| retrieve the destination MAC address in the case where native | retrieve the destination MAC address in the case where native | |||
| Ethernet encapsulation is used between SFF and SF. How the next-hop | Ethernet encapsulation is used between SFF and SF. How the next-hop | |||
| context is populated is out of the scope of this document. | context is populated is out of the scope of this document. | |||
| The receiving SFF SHOULD check that the received SFF label has a TTL | ||||
| of 1 upon receipt. Any other values indicate a likely error | ||||
| condition and SHOULD result in discarding the packet. | ||||
| The receiving MPLS node then pops the SFF Label (and any labels | The receiving MPLS node then pops the SFF Label (and any labels | |||
| beneath it) so that the destination SFF receives the SFC packet with | beneath it) so that the destination SFF receives the SFC packet with | |||
| the NSH is at the top of the packet. | the NSH is at the top of the packet. | |||
| 3. Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) Considerations | 3. Equal Cost Multipath (ECMP) Considerations | |||
| As discussed in [RFC4928] and [RFC7325], there are ECMP | As discussed in [RFC4928] and [RFC7325], there are ECMP | |||
| considerations for payloads carried by MPLS. | considerations for payloads carried by MPLS. | |||
| Many existing routers use deep packet inspection to examine the | Many existing routers use deep packet inspection to examine the | |||
| skipping to change at page 5, line 11 ¶ | skipping to change at page 6, line 9 ¶ | |||
| If ECMP is desired when SFC is used with an MPLS transport network, | If ECMP is desired when SFC is used with an MPLS transport network, | |||
| there are two possible options, Entropy [RFC6790] and Flow-Aware | there are two possible options, Entropy [RFC6790] and Flow-Aware | |||
| Transport [RFC6391] labels. A recommendation between these options, | Transport [RFC6391] labels. A recommendation between these options, | |||
| and their proper placement in the label stack, is for future study. | and their proper placement in the label stack, is for future study. | |||
| 4. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) Considerations | 4. Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) Considerations | |||
| OAM at the SFC Layer is handled by SFC-defined mechanisms [RFC8300]. | OAM at the SFC Layer is handled by SFC-defined mechanisms [RFC8300]. | |||
| However, OAM may be required at the MPLS transport layer. If so, | However, OAM may be required at the MPLS transport layer. If so, | |||
| then standard MPLS-layer OAM mechanisms such as the Generic | then standard MPLS-layer OAM mechanisms may be used at the transport | |||
| Associated Channel [RFC5586] label may be used. | label layer (the labels above the SFF label). | |||
| 5. IANA Considerations | 5. IANA Considerations | |||
| This document does not request any actions from IANA. | This document does not request any actions from IANA. | |||
| Editorial note to RFC Editor: This section may be removed at your | Editorial note to RFC Editor: This section may be removed at your | |||
| discretion. | discretion. | |||
| 6. Security Considerations | 6. Security Considerations | |||
| skipping to change at page 6, line 11 ¶ | skipping to change at page 7, line 9 ¶ | |||
| network's control and management planes and a way to inject packets | network's control and management planes and a way to inject packets | |||
| into internal interfaces. This is compared to, for example, NSH over | into internal interfaces. This is compared to, for example, NSH over | |||
| UDP over IP, which could be injected into any external interface in a | UDP over IP, which could be injected into any external interface in a | |||
| network that was not properly configured to filter out such packets | network that was not properly configured to filter out such packets | |||
| at the ingress. | at the ingress. | |||
| 7. Acknowledgements | 7. Acknowledgements | |||
| The authors would like to thank Jim Guichard, Eric Rosen, Med | The authors would like to thank Jim Guichard, Eric Rosen, Med | |||
| Boucadair, Sasha Vainshtein, Jeff Tantsura, Anoop Ghanwani, John | Boucadair, Sasha Vainshtein, Jeff Tantsura, Anoop Ghanwani, John | |||
| Drake, and Loa Andersson for their reviews and comments. | Drake, Loa Andersson, Carlos Pignataro, and Christian Hopps for their | |||
| reviews and comments. | ||||
| 8. References | 8. References | |||
| 8.1. Normative References | 8.1. Normative References | |||
| [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate | ||||
| Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, | ||||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, | ||||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. | ||||
| [RFC3031] Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A., and R. Callon, "Multiprotocol | ||||
| Label Switching Architecture", RFC 3031, | ||||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC3031, January 2001, | ||||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3031>. | ||||
| [RFC3032] Rosen, E., Tappan, D., Fedorkow, G., Rekhter, Y., | [RFC3032] Rosen, E., Tappan, D., Fedorkow, G., Rekhter, Y., | |||
| Farinacci, D., Li, T., and A. Conta, "MPLS Label Stack | Farinacci, D., Li, T., and A. Conta, "MPLS Label Stack | |||
| Encoding", RFC 3032, DOI 10.17487/RFC3032, January 2001, | Encoding", RFC 3032, DOI 10.17487/RFC3032, January 2001, | |||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3032>. | <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3032>. | |||
| [RFC5462] Andersson, L. and R. Asati, "Multiprotocol Label Switching | ||||
| (MPLS) Label Stack Entry: "EXP" Field Renamed to "Traffic | ||||
| Class" Field", RFC 5462, DOI 10.17487/RFC5462, February | ||||
| 2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5462>. | ||||
| [RFC7665] Halpern, J., Ed. and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Service Function | ||||
| Chaining (SFC) Architecture", RFC 7665, | ||||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC7665, October 2015, | ||||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7665>. | ||||
| [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC | ||||
| 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, | ||||
| May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>. | ||||
| [RFC8300] Quinn, P., Ed., Elzur, U., Ed., and C. Pignataro, Ed., | [RFC8300] Quinn, P., Ed., Elzur, U., Ed., and C. Pignataro, Ed., | |||
| "Network Service Header (NSH)", RFC 8300, | "Network Service Header (NSH)", RFC 8300, | |||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC8300, January 2018, | DOI 10.17487/RFC8300, January 2018, | |||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8300>. | <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8300>. | |||
| 8.2. Informative References | 8.2. Informative References | |||
| [I-D.ietf-bess-nsh-bgp-control-plane] | ||||
| Farrel, A., Drake, J., Rosen, E., Uttaro, J., and L. | ||||
| Jalil, "BGP Control Plane for NSH SFC", draft-ietf-bess- | ||||
| nsh-bgp-control-plane-07 (work in progress), February | ||||
| 2019. | ||||
| [I-D.ietf-mpls-sfc] | [I-D.ietf-mpls-sfc] | |||
| Farrel, A., Bryant, S., and J. Drake, "An MPLS-Based | Farrel, A., Bryant, S., and J. Drake, "An MPLS-Based | |||
| Forwarding Plane for Service Function Chaining", draft- | Forwarding Plane for Service Function Chaining", draft- | |||
| ietf-mpls-sfc-04 (work in progress), November 2018. | ietf-mpls-sfc-05 (work in progress), February 2019. | |||
| [RFC4928] Swallow, G., Bryant, S., and L. Andersson, "Avoiding Equal | [RFC4928] Swallow, G., Bryant, S., and L. Andersson, "Avoiding Equal | |||
| Cost Multipath Treatment in MPLS Networks", BCP 128, | Cost Multipath Treatment in MPLS Networks", BCP 128, | |||
| RFC 4928, DOI 10.17487/RFC4928, June 2007, | RFC 4928, DOI 10.17487/RFC4928, June 2007, | |||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4928>. | <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4928>. | |||
| [RFC5586] Bocci, M., Ed., Vigoureux, M., Ed., and S. Bryant, Ed., | [RFC5586] Bocci, M., Ed., Vigoureux, M., Ed., and S. Bryant, Ed., | |||
| "MPLS Generic Associated Channel", RFC 5586, | "MPLS Generic Associated Channel", RFC 5586, | |||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC5586, June 2009, | DOI 10.17487/RFC5586, June 2009, | |||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5586>. | <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5586>. | |||
| skipping to change at page 7, line 15 ¶ | skipping to change at page 8, line 44 ¶ | |||
| [RFC6790] Kompella, K., Drake, J., Amante, S., Henderickx, W., and | [RFC6790] Kompella, K., Drake, J., Amante, S., Henderickx, W., and | |||
| L. Yong, "The Use of Entropy Labels in MPLS Forwarding", | L. Yong, "The Use of Entropy Labels in MPLS Forwarding", | |||
| RFC 6790, DOI 10.17487/RFC6790, November 2012, | RFC 6790, DOI 10.17487/RFC6790, November 2012, | |||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6790>. | <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6790>. | |||
| [RFC7325] Villamizar, C., Ed., Kompella, K., Amante, S., Malis, A., | [RFC7325] Villamizar, C., Ed., Kompella, K., Amante, S., Malis, A., | |||
| and C. Pignataro, "MPLS Forwarding Compliance and | and C. Pignataro, "MPLS Forwarding Compliance and | |||
| Performance Requirements", RFC 7325, DOI 10.17487/RFC7325, | Performance Requirements", RFC 7325, DOI 10.17487/RFC7325, | |||
| August 2014, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7325>. | August 2014, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7325>. | |||
| [RFC7665] Halpern, J., Ed. and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Service Function | ||||
| Chaining (SFC) Architecture", RFC 7665, | ||||
| DOI 10.17487/RFC7665, October 2015, | ||||
| <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7665>. | ||||
| Authors' Addresses | Authors' Addresses | |||
| Andrew G. Malis | Andrew G. Malis | |||
| Huawei Technologies | Huawei Technologies | |||
| Email: agmalis@gmail.com | Email: agmalis@gmail.com | |||
| Stewart Bryant | Stewart Bryant | |||
| Huawei Technologies | Huawei Technologies | |||
| Email: stewart.bryant@gmail.com | Email: stewart.bryant@gmail.com | |||
| Joel M. Halpern | Joel M. Halpern | |||
| Ericsson | Ericsson | |||
| Email: joel.halpern@ericsson.com | Email: joel.halpern@ericsson.com | |||
| End of changes. 30 change blocks. | ||||
| 48 lines changed or deleted | 115 lines changed or added | |||
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