< draft-polk-sipping-location-requirements-00.txt   draft-polk-sipping-location-requirements-01.txt >
Internet Engineering Task Force James M. Polk Internet Engineering Task Force James M. Polk
Internet Draft Cisco Systems Internet Draft Cisco Systems
Expiration: Dec 23rd, 2003 Expiration: April 27th, 2003 Brian Rosen
File: draft-polk-sipping-location-requirements-00.txt File: draft-polk-sipping-location-requirements-01.txt Marconi
Session Initiation Protocol Location Requirements Session Initiation Protocol Location Conveyance
June 23rd, 2003 October 27th, 2003
Status of this Memo Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance
with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026. with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts. Drafts.
skipping to change at page 1, line 36 skipping to change at page 1, line 36
progress." progress."
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
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The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed
at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.
Abstract Abstract
This document presents the requirements for an extension to the This document presents the framework and requirements for an
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [1] for conveyance of user extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [1] for
location information from one Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) conveyance of user location information from a Session Initiation
User Agent to another SIP User Agent. The idea that in some cases Protocol (SIP) user agent to another SIP entity. We consider cases
the UAC's location could affect proper routing of the SIP message where location information is conveyed from end to end, as well as
is explored as well. cases where message routing by intermediaries is influenced by the
location of the session initiator.
Table of Contents Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Changes from -00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. In the Body or in a Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. In the Body or in a Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Scope of Location in a Message Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Scope of Location in a Message Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Scope of Location in a Message Header . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4. Requirements for UA-to-UA Location Conveyance . . . . . . . . 4
4.1 Location in a Single Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. Requirements for UA-to-Proxy Server Location Conveyance . . . 5
4.2 Location in Separate Message Headers . . . . . . . . . . 5 6. Additional Requirements for Emergency Calls . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Requirements for UA-to-UA Location Conveyance . . . . . . . . 5 7. Current Known Open issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Requirements for Proxy-Routed Location Conveyance . . . . . . 6 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
9. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 12. Author Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
11. Author Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
12. Full Copyright Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1. Introduction 1. Introduction
This document presents the requirements for an extension to the This document presents the framework and requirements for an
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [1] for conveyance of user extension to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [1] for
location information from one Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) conveyance of user location information object described by [7] from
User Agent to another SIP User Agent. a SIP User Agent to another SIP entity.
While reasonable people will initially lean strongly towards
having any location conveyance in the message body only (where
location confidentiality can be maintained), this document
examines usage cases where intermediaries must act on the
location information in order to determine where the session gets
routed. One such example of this is US e911-type emergency
sessions (voice or instant messaging). With this in mind, both
instances will be looked at here to determine if the requirements
are in fact different enough to necessitate two or more
solutions.
To be clear, the two cases that need to be looked at are the There are several situations in which it is appropriate for SIP to
following: be used to convey Location Information (LI) from one SIP entity to
another. This document specifies requirements when a SIP UAC knows
its location by some means not specified herein, and needs to inform
another SIP entity. One example is to reach your nearest pizza
parlor. A chain of pizza parlors may have a single well known uri
(sip:pizzaparlor.com), that is forwarded to the closest franchise by
the pizzaparlor.com proxy server. The receiving franchise UAS uses
the location information of the UAC to schedule your delivery.
1. one involving a user of a User Agent wanting to transmit Another important example is emergency calling. A call to
his/her location to another user of a user agent for sip:sos@example.com is an emergency call as in [3]. The example.com
whatever reason (I want to tell you where I am); and proxy server must route the call to the correct emergency response
center (ERC) determined by the location of the caller. At the ERC,
the UAS must determine the correct police/fire/ambulance/...
service, which is also based on your location. In many
jurisdictions, accurate location information is a required component
of a call to an emergency center.
2. a second case involving the UAC including its location in A third example is a direction service, which might give you verbal
order to allow an appropriate Emergency Response Center directions to a venue from your present position. This is a case
(ERC) to be contacted, such as a US e911 Public Safety where only the destination UAS needs to receive the location
Answering Point (because that User Agent has signaled for information.
help);
This document does not discuss how the UAC discovers or is This document does not discuss how the UAC discovers or is
configured with its Location (either coordinate based or civil configured with its location (either coordinate based or civil
based). That work is being accomplished in the Geopriv Working based). It also does not discuss the contents of the Location
Group. Object (LO). It does specify the requirements for the "using
protocol" in [7].
1.1 Conventions used in this document 1.1 Conventions used in this document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL
NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described
in [2]. in [2].
1.2 Changes from -00 Version
This is a list of the changes that have been made from the -00
version of this ID:
- Brian Rosen was brought on as a co-author
- Requirements that a location header were negatively received in
the previous version of this document. AD and chair advice was to
move all location information into a message body (and stay away
from headers)
- Added a section of "emergency call" specific requirements
- Added an Open Issues section to mention what hasn't been resolved
yet in this effort
2. In the Body or in a Header 2. In the Body or in a Header
When one user agent wants to inform another user agent where they When one user agent wants to inform another user agent where they
are, it seems reasonable to have this accomplished by placing the are, it seems reasonable to have this accomplished by placing the
location information (coordinate or civil) in an S/Mime registered location information (coordinate or civil) in an S/Mime registered
and encoded message body, and sending it as part of a SIP request or and encoded message body, and sending it as part of a SIP request or
response. No routing of the request based on the location response. No routing of the request based on the location
information is required in this case; therefore no SIP Proxies information is required in this case; therefore no SIP Proxies
between these two UAs need to view the location information between these two UAs need to view the location information
contained in the SIP messages. contained in the SIP messages.
However, it may be infeasible to place the location information in Although SIP [1} does not permit a proxy server to modify or delete
the message body of requests where/when message routing is of a body, there is no restriction on viewing bodies. However, S/MIME
particular importance for proper session establishment with the protection implemented on bodies is only specified between UAS and
intended party or parties (i.e. calling an ERC). UAC and if engaged, would render the location object opaque to a
proxy server. This problem is similar to that raised in Session
Policy [8], where an intermediary may need information in a body,
such as IP address of media streams or codec choices to route a call
properly. Requirements in [8] are applicable to routing based on
location, and are incorporated in these requirements by reference.
SIP message bodies are not viewed by Proxy Servers [per 1] in order It is conceivable to create a new header for location information.
to do proper call routing. The current proposal in front of the However, [7] prefers S/MIME for security of Location Information,
SIPPING WG is to use the mechanism described in [3] to universally and indeed S/MIME is preferable in SIP for protecting one part of a
signal for help. This "sos@example.com" URI is proposed to describe message. Accordingly, these requirements specify location be
many, if not all ERCs in a region or country - regardless of the carried in a body.
original home domain that UA is from. This poses a particular
problem when a User Agent is signaling via a Proxy that is not
within the civil boundaries of the appropriate PSAP for that user.
For example, a large enterprise has a campus that spans more than
one PSAP jurisdiction, a UA initiates a session containing the To
header "sos@example.com". Where will that Proxy route the SIP
Request to? The problem is compounded if a managed domain only has
Proxies in one location of a multi site infrastructure - including
the possibility of traversing state or country boundaries in cases
in which the UA is mobile.
Routing a session set-up or instant message, such as SIP MESSAGE It is the use of S/MIME however, that limits routing based on
from [4], becomes an Achilles Heel for SIP if the user agent is location. Therefore, it seems appropriate to require that, where
unaware of the correct ERC routing and expects the correct ERC to be routing is dependent on location, protection of the location
selected by the SIP proxy routing machinery.. information object be accomplished by other mechanisms, probably TLS
("sips:" from [1]). It is envisioned that S/MIME SHOULD be used
when location information is not required by proxy servers, and TLS
SHOULD be used when it is.
This document does not address the behavior or configuration of SIP This document does not address the behavior or configuration of SIP
Proxy Servers in these cases in order to accomplish location- Proxy Servers in these cases in order to accomplish location-
sensitive routing. That is out of scope, and left for further sensitive routing. That is out of scope, and left for further
(complementary) efforts. (complementary) efforts.
3. Scope of Location in a Message Body 3. Scope of Location in a Message Body
If the location information is to be contained within a message If the location information is to be contained within a message
body, the rules stated in section 7 of [1] regarding multipart MIME body, and either another body (SDP for example) is also to be sent
bodies MUST be followed. The format and privacy/security rules of in the message, or the LO is to be protected with S/MIME, the rules
the location information SHOULD be defined within the Geopriv WG. stated in section 7 of [1] regarding multipart MIME bodies MUST be
followed. The format and privacy/security rules of the location
4. Scope of Location in a Message Header information SHOULD be defined within the Geopriv WG.
If the location information of the UAC is to be contained within the
SIP message header (verses a message body as stated above), one
design issue is whether location field(s) are contained within a
single header, or multiple headers. The following 2 subsections
cover both of these choices for discussion.
4.1 Location in a Single Header
Placing location information within a single header of a SIP message
has some big advantages:
- it is easier to specify the semantics when there are missing
fields
- it makes readability much easier when reviewing all the location
fields contained within the SIP message header ordered as if in a
list
- an order of the location fields can be specified within this
single header (ex: Datum, then Latitude, then Longitude, then
Altitude, then... or country, then state/province, then
county/region, then city, then district/borough...)
This might be important if section 7.3.1 of [1] is still true
expedited parsing in Proxies and at the destination.
There exist two documents on Location Configuration Information
within the Geopriv Working Group, one for Coordinate based location
representation (Lat, Long, Alt, Datum, etc) in [5] and one for Civil
based Location representation (country, State/province, city, etc)
in [6]. Each of these documents should be looked to as a basis for
consistency in fields present as well as scope of the fields.
If a field is missing, it probably was left out intentionally by the
UAC (either because that device didn't know what to populate a
particular field with, or a policy prevented it from being included
within that SIP message).
Any location privacy policy of a user agent within a particular
domain should allow the most precise location available be presented
as an S/MIME body in the SIP Request or response message once a
verifiable ERC is determined to be the intended destination of that
session.
4.2 Location in Separate Message Headers
Creating separate SIP headers for each location field type
(latitude, longitude, country, city, etc) does make each header
clean and concise. A grouping of these location headers should occur
for readability when viewing the location headers within a SIP
message header. And since expediting the processing of emergency
calls is important, the header placement considerations of section
7.3.1 of [1] apply to these headers when making emergency calls
Each of the message headers should be unique in name within a
location conveyance type.
In providing location information, the UAC should provide as much 4. Requirements for UA-to-UA Location Conveyance
information as possible within a certain type of location field
group (coordinate or civil), and not mix between groups. In other
words, a Latitude header should be used if a coordinate location is
being provided by the UAC, but is not by itself realistically
valuable information if a complete set civil location headers is
also present.
There exist two documents on Location Configuration Information The following are the requirements for UA-to-UA Location Conveyance
within the Geopriv Working Group, one for Coordinate based location situations:
representation (Lat, Long, Alt, Datum, etc) in [5] and one for Civil
based Location representation (country, State/province, city, etc)
in [6]. Each of these documents should be looked to as a basis for
consistency in fields present as well as scope of the fields.
If a desire of the SIP working group is to limit the number of U-U1 - MUST work with dialog-initiating SIP Requests and responses,
headers that require IANA registration (and coding for), then as well as the SIP MESSAGE method[4], and SHOULD work with
fulfilling this requirements document will add as little as 2 to most SIP messages.
that process (1 for coordinate location and 1 for civil location),
or as many as 30+ if each location field requires a unique header.
5. Requirements for UA-to-UA Location Conveyance U-U2 - UAC Location information SHOULD remain confidential in route
to the destination UA
The following are the requirements for UA-to-UA Location Conveyance U-U3 - The privacy and security rules established within the
situations: Geopriv Working Group that would categorize SIP as a 'using
protocol' MUST be met [7]
REQ UU1 - MUST work with dialog-initiating SIP Requests and 5. Requirements for UA-to-Proxy Server Location Conveyance
responses, as well as the SIP MESSAGE method[4]
REQ UU2 - the precision of resolution of the location given by the The following are the requirements for UA-to-Proxy Server Location
UAC is determined by the UAC, and SHOULD be based on who Conveyance situations:
the UAC is sending this location information to (most
likely via local policy)
REQ UU3 - UAC Location information SHOULD remain confidential in U-PS1 - MUST work with dialog-initiating SIP Requests and
route to the destination UA responses, as well as the SIP MESSAGE method[4], and SHOULD
work with most SIP messages.
REQ UU4 - The privacy and security rules established within the U-PS2 - UAC location information SHOULD remain confidential in
Geopriv Working Group which would categorize SIP as a route to the destination, but MUST be useable by
'using protocol' MUST be followed [7] intermediary proxy servers.
REQ UU5 - The first sub-field must be what type of location U-PS3 - The privacy and security rules established within the
information it is (coordinate, civil, GPS, other) Geopriv Working Group which would categorize SIP as a
'using protocol' MUST be met [7]
6. Requirements for Proxy-Routed Location Conveyance U-PS4 - Modification or removal of the LO by proxy servers MUST NOT
be required
The following are the requirements for Proxy-Routed Location U-PS5 - any mechanism used to prevent unwanted observation of this
Conveyance situations: Location Header(s) CANNOT fail the SIP Request if not
understood by intermediary SIP entities or the destination
UAS
REQ PR1 - MUST work with dialog-initiating SIP Requests and U-PS6 – It MUST be possible for a proxy server to assert the
responses, as well as the SIP MESSAGE method[4] validity of the location information provided by the UA.
Alternatively, it is acceptable for there to be a mechanism
for a proxy server to assert a location object itself.
REQ PR2 - a mechanism SHOULD be in place to hide this location 6. Additional Requirements for Emergency Calls
header from unwanted observation while in transit to,
form, and among SIP intermediaries; but MUST NOT be
mandatory for successful conveyance of location (don't
want the SIP Request to fail without this mechanism used
during emergencies)
REQ PR3 - any mechanism used to prevent unwanted observation of Emergency calls have requirements that are not generally important
this Location Header(s) CANNOT fail the SIP Request if to other uses for location in SIP:
not understood by intermediary SIP entities or the
destination UAS
REQ PR4 - There SHOULD be a mechanism for the ERC to request the Emergency calls presently have between 2 and 8-second call setup
UAC's location information (perhaps more precise times. There is ample evidence that the longer call setup end of
location information) after the original SIP Request has the range causes an unacceptable number of callers to abandon the
been received without failing the original SIP Request call before it is completed. Two-second call completion time is a
(which is the most important aspect of this document: goal of many existing emergency call centers. Allocating 25% of the
that the session is received by the proper ERC) call set up for processing privacy concerns seems reasonable; 1
second would be 50% of the goal, which seems unacceptable; less than
0.5 second seems unachievable, therefore:
It is possible for a Proxy to determine the proper ERC to route E-1 - Privacy mechanisms MUST add no more than 0.5 second of call
the SIP Request to (based on the included location information setup time when implemented in present technology UAs and
within supplied by the UAC), yet create the situation where the Proxy Servers.
ERC does not know enough location information for personnel
response to the emergency.
REQ PR5 - A SIP location Header field (probably the first if there It may be acceptable for full privacy mechanisms related to the
is an order established to the headers) MUST be what location of the UAC (and it's user) to be tried on an initial
type of location information type it is (coordinate, attempt to place a call, as long as the call attempt may be retried
civil, GPS, other) without the mechanism if the first attempt fails. Abandoning
privacy in cases of failure of the privacy mechanism might be
subject to user preference, although such a feature would be within
the domain of a UA implementation and thus not subject to
standardization. It should be noted that some jurisdictions have
laws that explicitly deny any expectation of location privacy when
making an emergency call.
REQ PR6 - SHOULD have the complete location (coordinate or civil) E-2 – Privacy mechanisms MUST NOT be mandatory for successful
contained within a single header conveyance of location during an (sos-type) emergency call.
REQ PR7 - the most precise resolution (defined in [5])SHOULD be E-3 – The retention and retransmission policy of the ERC must be
given by the UAC when sending its location to an ERC (or able to be made available to the user, and override the
equivalent facility) user's normal policy when local regulation governs such
retention and retransmission. As in E-2 above, requiring the
use of the ERC's retention and/or retransmission policy may
be subject to user preference although in most jurisdictions,
local laws specify such policies and may not be overridden by
user preference.
REQ PR8 - proxies SHOULD NOT partially remove location 7. Current Known Open issues
information, but MAY remove it in its entirety when
crossing a trust boundary to preserve privacy
REQ PR9 - proxies MAY add location information unknown to the UAC This is a list of open issues that have not yet been addressed to
if known to the proxy conclusion:
REQ PR10 - if section 7.3.1 of [1] needs to be followed, the - Whether self signed S/MIME bodies can work in both directions in
Location Header SHOULD be near the top of the SIP the emergency call scenario (to and from an ERC) as in [9]. It
message header for rapid parsing purposes appears that document covers self-signed certs from the UA to ERC
direction, but it is not clear it solves communications in the
reverse direction.
REQ PR11 - mixed or additional location fields CAN be present - If S/MIME is chosen as a SHOULD (in general, vs. TLS), this doc
providing more precise location information, but MUST be might consider stipulating a special purpose Proxy (an "emergency
uniquely identifiable and SHOULD be relevant services" proxy) that can process location information (a Geopriv
LO) and route the message directly to the appropriate ERC.
An example of this might be using the coordinate location At Issue: plain "vanilla" proxies probably won't have the
header and adding an identifiable cube or office number field capabilities to route based on location information in the
at the end of the coordinate header. near future, but should that timing be considered here?
7. Security Considerations 8. Security Considerations
Conveyance of geo-location of a UAC is problematic for many reasons. Conveyance of geo-location of a UAC is problematic for many reasons.
This document calls for that conveyance to normally be accomplished This document calls for that conveyance to normally be accomplished
through secure message body means (like S/MIME). In cases where a through secure message body means (like S/MIME or TLS). In cases
session set-up is routed based on the location of the UAC initiating where a session set-up is routed based on the location of the UAC
the session or SIP MESSAGE, containing the location in a message initiating the session or SIP MESSAGE, securing the location with an
body does no good. At the same time, securing the location in a end-to-end mechanism such as S/MIME is problematic.
header might fail in certain times that is detrimental to that
session (user). These times are those of emergency sessions (like to
a US e911-like service).
Although not advocated, this document therefore requires that
location conveyance in deterministic times of emergency not be bound
to being confidential universally, as that process might fail and
could cost lives.
8. IANA Considerations 9. IANA Considerations
There are no IANA considerations within this document at this There are no IANA considerations within this document at this time.
time.
9. Acknowledgements 10. Acknowledgements
To Dave Oran for helping to shape this idea To Dave Oran for helping to shape this idea. To Jon Peterson and
Dean Willis on guidance of the effort.
10. References - Normative 11. References - Normative
[1] J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, A. Johnston, J. [1] J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, G. Camarillo, A. Johnston, J.
Peterson, R. Sparks, M. Handley, E. Schooler, "SIP: Session Peterson, R. Sparks, M. Handley, E. Schooler, "SIP: Session
Initiation Protocol ", RFC 3261, June 2002 Initiation Protocol ", RFC 3261, June 2002
[2] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to indicate requirement [2] S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to indicate requirement
levels," RFC 2119, Mar. 1997. levels," RFC 2119, Mar. 1997.
[3] H. Schulzrinne, "draft-schulzrinne-sipping-sos-04.txt", Internet [3] H. Schulzrinne, "draft-schulzrinne-sipping-sos-04.txt", Internet
Draft, Jan 03, Work in progress Draft, Jan 03, Work in progress
[4] B. Campbell, Ed., J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, C. Huitema, D. [4] B. Campbell, Ed., J. Rosenberg, H. Schulzrinne, C. Huitema, D.
Gurle, "Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Instant Gurle, "Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension for Instant
Messaging" , RFC 3428, December 2002 Messaging" , RFC 3428, December 2002
[5] J. Polk, J. Schnizlein, M. Linsner, " draft-ietf-geopriv-dhcp-lci- [5] J. Polk, J. Schnizlein, M. Linsner, " draft-ietf-geopriv-dhcp-lci-
option-01.txt", Internet Draft, June 2003, Work in progress option-02.txt", Internet Draft, Aug 2003, Work in progress
[6] H. Schulzrinne, "draft-schulzrinne-geopriv-dhcp-civil-01.txt", [6] H. Schulzrinne, "draft-schulzrinne-geopriv-dhcp-civil-01.txt",
Internet Draft, Feb 03, Work in progress Internet Draft, Feb 03, Work in progress
[7] J. Cuellar, J. Morris, D. Mulligan, J. Peterson. J. Polk, "draft- [7] J. Cuellar, J. Morris, D. Mulligan, J. Peterson. J. Polk, "draft-
ietf-geopriv-reqs-03.txt", Internet Draft, Mar 03, Work in ietf-geopriv-reqs-03.txt", Internet Draft, Mar 03, Work in
progress progress
11. Author Information [8] J. Rosenberg, "Requirements for Session Policy for the Session
Initiation Protocol”, draft-ietf-sipping-session-policy-req-00",
[9] C. Jennings, "draft-jennings-sipping-certs-01.txt", Internet
Draft, "work in progress", July 2003
12. Author Information
James M. Polk James M. Polk
Cisco Systems Cisco Systems
2200 East President George Bush Turnpike 2200 East President George Bush Turnpike
Richardson, Texas 75082 USA Richardson, Texas 75082 USA
jmpolk@cisco.com jmpolk@cisco.com
12. Full Copyright Statement Brian Rosen
Marconi Communications, Inc.
2000 Marconi Drive
Warrendale, PA 15086
Brian.rosen@marconi.com
"Copyright (C) The Internet Society (February 23rd, 2001). "Copyright (C) The Internet Society (February 23rd, 2001).
All Rights Reserved. All Rights Reserved.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph
are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this are included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
skipping to change at page 9, line 36 skipping to change at page 8, line 48
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an This document and the information contained herein is provided on an
"AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING "AS IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING
TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING TASK FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION
HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE." MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE."
The Expiration date for this Internet Draft is: The Expiration date for this Internet Draft is:
Dec 23rd, 2003 April 27th, 2004
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