< draft-wang-bier-rh-bier-01.txt   draft-wang-bier-rh-bier-02.txt >
BIER Working Group W. Wang BIER Working Group W. Wang
Internet-Draft A. Wang Internet-Draft A. Wang
Intended status: Standards Track China Telecom Intended status: Standards Track China Telecom
Expires: April 28, 2022 October 25, 2021 Expires: April 28, 2022 October 25, 2021
Routing Header Based BIER Information Encapsulation Routing Header Based BIER Information Encapsulation
draft-wang-bier-rh-bier-01 draft-wang-bier-rh-bier-02
Abstract Abstract
This draft proposes one new encapsulation schema of Bit Index This draft proposes one new encapsulation schema of Bit Index
Explicit Replication (BIER) information to transfer the multicast Explicit Replication (BIER) information to transfer the multicast
packets within the IPv6 network. By defining a new IPv6 Routing packets within the IPv6 network. By using a new IPv6 Routing Header
Header type, it keeps the original source address and destination type to forward the packet, the original source address and
address unchanged in forwarding process. The encapsulation schema destination address of the multicast packet is kept unchanged along
can make full use of the existing IPv6 quality assurance methods to the forwarding path. Such encapsulation schema can make full use of
provide high-quality multicast service. the existing IPv6 quality assurance solutions to provide high-quality
multicast service.
Status of This Memo Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
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to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License. described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Conventions used in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Conventions used in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. BIER Routing Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. BIER Routing Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. The transmission process of packets with BIER Routing Header 4 4. Multicast Packet Forwarding Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1. All devices in BIER domain support BIER Routing Header . 5 4.1. All devices in BIER domain support BIER Routing Header . 5
4.2. Some devices in BIER domain do not support BIER Routing 4.2. Some devices in BIER domain do not support BIER Routing
Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1. Introduction 1. Introduction
Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) is a new multicast technology Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) is a new multicast technology
based on IPv6 defined in [RFC8279]. In BIER domain, the set of based on IPv6 defined in [RFC8279]. In BIER domain, the set of
destination nodes of multicast message is mapped into a BitString and destination nodes of multicast message is mapped into a BitString and
encapsulated into the BIER header. The position of each bit in the encapsulated into the BIER header. The position of each bit in the
BitString represents an BFER. Compared with the traditional BitString represents an BFER. Compared with the traditional
multicast technology, the nodes in BIER domain do not need to multicast technology, the nodes in BIER domain do not need to
maintain a multicast tree and save the multicast flow state for each maintain a multicast tree and keep the multicast flow state for each
multicast flow. multicast flow.
At present, there are two methods for encapsulating BIER information Currently, there are two methods for encapsulating BIER information
based on IPv6 in IETF: bierin6([I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6]) and based on IPv6 in IETF: BIERn6([I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6]) and
bierv6([I-D.xie-bier-ipv6-encapsulation]). BIERv6([I-D.xie-bier-ipv6-encapsulation]).
BIERin6 carries BIER information by defining a new IPv6 next header BIERin6 carries BIER information by defining a new IPv6 next header
type. In the process of transmission, the source address and type. During the forwarding process, the source address and
destination address in the header will change. BIERv6 carries bier destination address in the header will be changed.
related information by creating an option type of destination options
header (i.e. bier option). During transmission, the source address
in the header remains unchanged and the destination address will
change.
There are some differences between the above two BIER encapsulation BIERv6 carries bier related information by defining an new option
and forwarding schemes, which is unfavorable to the development of type of destination options header (i.e. bier option). The source
BIER and its derivatives. In addition, when there is an error in the address in the header remains unchanged but the destination address
transmission process of the message, the source address and will be changed along the forwarding path.
destination address help the operators locate and trace the fault.
The change of source address and destination address during The differences between the above two BIER encapsulation and
transmission will increase the difficulty of fault location and forwarding schemes are unfavorable for the development of BIER and
traceability. its derivatives. In addition, when there is error in the forward
process of the multicast packet, the change of source address and
destination address during transmission will increase the difficulty
of fault location and traceability.
This draft proposes a BIER information transmission scheme without This draft proposes a BIER information transmission scheme without
changing the source and destination addresses. By defining an IPv6 changing the multicast source and destination addresses. The
Routing Header type, it carries the relevant information of BIER and relevant BIER information is encapsulated within the newly defined
ensures that the source address and destination address do not change IPv6 Routing Header type, each intermediate BIER router will route
during message transmission. The characteristics of this scheme are the multicast packet based on the BitString information and its
conducive to rapid fault location and traceability, and can make full associated BIFT. The multicast source and destination address are
use of the existing IPv6 quality assurance technologies to provide not changed along the forwarding path.
high-quality multicast service.
The characteristics of such schema are helpful to the rapid fault
location and traceability, and can make full use of the existing IPv6
quality assurance technologies to provide high-quality multicast
service.
2. Conventions used in this document 2. Conventions used in this document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] . document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] .
3. BIER Routing Header 3. BIER Routing Header
One new IPv6 Routing Header is defined according to RFC8200[RFC8200]. One new type of IPv6 Routing Header is defined according to
The message format is shown in Figure 1. [RFC8200]. The message format is shown in Figure 1.
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Next Header | Hdr Ext Len | Routing Type | Segment Left | | Next Header | Hdr Ext Len | Routing Type | Segment Left |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| BIFT-id | Ver | TTL | | BIFT-id | Ver | TTL |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| BSL | Entropy | DSCP |OAM| | BSL | Entropy | DSCP |OAM|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| BFIR-id |Rsv| Reserved | | BFIR-id |Rsv| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
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o BFIR-id(16 bits): indicating BFR ID of BFIR. o BFIR-id(16 bits): indicating BFR ID of BFIR.
o Rsv(2 bits): unused, set to 0. o Rsv(2 bits): unused, set to 0.
o Reserved (14 bits): reserved field, set to 0. o Reserved (14 bits): reserved field, set to 0.
o BitString(variable): the length must be reflected in the BSL o BitString(variable): the length must be reflected in the BSL
field. The string saved in this field is used to identify the field. The string saved in this field is used to identify the
destination BFER of the packet. destination BFER of the packet.
4. The transmission process of packets with BIER Routing Header 4. Multicast Packet Forwarding Procedures
Based on the newly defined BIER Routing Header, the devices support Based on the newly defined BIER Routing Header, the devices support
BIER Routing Header resolution will perform the following steps: BIER Routing Header will perform the following steps to forward the
multicast packets:
1) Checking whether there is BIFT corresponding to the BIFT-id 1) When BFIR receives the IPv6 multicast packets from the mulicast
locally. source, it will add BIER Routing Header to indicate the BFERs that
want to receives such multicast packet. The encapsulated multicast
packet will be forwarded according to the BIFT that identified by the
BIFT-id.
2) Checking whether the direct-connected device support BIER Routing 2) Each BFR (includes BFIR) will check whether the direct-connected
Header. If yes, proceed to step 3; otherwise, proceed to step 2.1. device support BIER Routing Header. If yes, proceed to step 3);
otherwise, proceed to step 2.1).
2.1) Calculating the IPv6 address of next hop that support BIER 2.1) Calculating the IPv6 address of next hop that support BIER
Routing Header. Routing Header.
2.2) Encapsulating an outer IPv6 Header to the packet. The 2.2) Encapsulating an outer IPv6 Header to the multicast packet. The
calculated IPv6 address is used as the destination address of the calculated IPv6 address is used as the destination address of the
outer IPv6 Header, and its own IPv6 address is used as the source outer IPv6 Header, and its own IPv6 address is used as the source
address of the outer IPv6 Header. BitString will not be changed. address of the outer IPv6 Header. BitString will not be changed.
2.3) Sending the encapsulated packet to the next-connected device, 2.3) Sending the encapsulated packet to the direct-connected device,
the device will perform normal IPv6 forwarding according to the outer the device will perform normal IPv6 forwarding according to the outer
IPv6 Header. IPv6 Header.
3) Performing the normal BIER forwarding process as described in 3) On the router that supports the BIER Routing Header, perform the
[RFC8279]. normal BIER forwarding process as described in [RFC8279].
The detail procedures for forwarding the multicast packets based on The detail procedures for forwarding the multicast packets based on
the newly defined Routing Header are described in the following the newly defined Routing Header are described in the following
sections. sections.
4.1. All devices in BIER domain support BIER Routing Header 4.1. All devices in BIER domain support BIER Routing Header
+---+ +---+
+-----------+ B +----------+ +-----------+ B +----------+
| +---+ | | +---+ |
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+-+-+ +-+-+ +---+ +---+ +-+-+ +-+-+ +---+ +---+
| | 0:00001000 0:00000100 | | 0:00001000 0:00000100
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 0:00010000 | | 0:00010000 |
| +---+ | | +---+ |
+-----------+ D +----------+ +-----------+ D +----------+
(Packet 1) +---+ (Packet 1) +---+
Packet 1 Packet 1
+----------------------------+ +------------------------------------+
IPv6 | Source IP Address = A | IPv6 | IPv6 Address of Multicast Source |
Header +----------------------------+ Header +------------------------------------+
| Destination IP Address = F | | IPv6 Multicast Destination Address |
BIER +----------------------------+ BIER +------------------------------------+
Routing| BitString = 00101100 |
Routing| BitString = 00101100 | Header +------------------------------------+
Header +----------------------------+
Packet 2 Packet 2
+----------------------------+ +------------------------------------+
IPv6 | Source IP Address = A | IPv6 | IPv6 Address of Multicast Source |
Header +----------------------------+ Header +------------------------------------+
| Destination IP Address = F | | IPv6 Multicast Destination Address |
BIER +----------------------------+ BIER +------------------------------------+
Routing| BitString = 00001100 | Routing| BitString = 00001100 |
Header +----------------------------+ Header +------------------------------------+
Packet 3 Packet 3
+----------------------------+ +------------------------------------+
Inner | Source IP Address = A | IPv6 | IPv6 Address of Multicast Source |
IPv6 +----------------------------+ Header +------------------------------------+
Header | Destination IP Address = F | | IPv6 Multicast Destination Address |
+----------------------------+ BIER +------------------------------------+
BIER | BitString = 00000100 | Routing| BitString = 00000100 |
Routing+----------------------------+ Header +------------------------------------+
Header
Figure 2: All devices in BIER domain support BIER Routing Header Figure 2: All devices in BIER domain support BIER Routing Header
The topology is shown in Figure 3, device A-F support BIER Routing The topology is shown in Figure 2, device A-F support BIER Routing
Header resolution. The packet need to be transmitted from A to F. Header. The packet need to be transmitted from A to F. The changes
The change of the Header has been given in the Figure. Each device of the Routing Header have been given in Figure 2. Each device will
will perform the following steps after receiving the packet: perform the following steps after receiving the packet:
1. Checking whether there is BIFT corresponding to the BIFT-id 1). Checking whether there is BIFT corresponding to the BIFT-id
locally. If yes, proceed to step 2; otherwise, discard the packet. locally. If yes, proceed to step 2); otherwise, discard the packet.
2. Checking whether the direct-connected device support BIER Routing 2). Checking whether the direct-connected device support BIER
Header. If yes, forwarding the packet according to the BIFT related Routing Header. If yes, forwarding the packet according to the BIFT
to the BIFT-id; otherwise, see sectionSection 4.2 for detail related to the BIFT-id; otherwise, see sectionSection 4.2 for detail
procedures. procedures.
In this forwarding process, the source address and destination During the forwarding procedures, the source address and destination
address in the Inner IPv6 Header are not changed, only the BitString address of the IPv6 multicast packet are not changed, only the
in BIER Routing Header is changed. BitString in BIER Routing Header is updated.
4.2. Some devices in BIER domain do not support BIER Routing Header 4.2. Some devices in BIER domain do not support BIER Routing Header
+---+ +---+
+-----------+ B +-----------+ +-----------+ B +-----------+
| +---+ | | +---+ |
| 0:01000000 | | 0:01000000 |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
+-+-+ +-+-+ (Packet 2) +---+ (Packet 3) +---+ +-+-+ +-+-+ +---+ (Packet 3) +---+
| A |0:10000000 | C +------------+ E +------------+ F | | A |0:10000000 | C +------------+ E +------------+ F |
+-+-+ +-+-+ +---+ +---+ +-+-+ +-+-+ +---+ +---+
| | 0:00001000 0:00000100 | | 0:00001000 0:00000100
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 0:00010000 | | 0:00010000 |
| +---+ | | +---+ |
+-----------+ D +-----------+ +-----------+ D +-----------+
(Packet 1) +---+ (Packet 1) +---+(Packet 2)
Packet 1
+------------------------------------+
IPv6 | IPv6 Address of Multicast Source |
Header +------------------------------------+
| IPv6 Multicast Destination Address |
BIER +------------------------------------+
Routing| BitString = 00101100 |
Header +------------------------------------+
Packet 1
+----------------------------+
Outer | Source IP Address = A |
IPv6 +----------------------------+
Header | Destination IP Address = E |
+----------------------------+
Inner | Source IP Address = A |
IPv6 +----------------------------+
Header | Destination IP Address = F |
+----------------------------+
BIER | BitString = 00001100 |
Routing+----------------------------+
Header
Packet 2 Packet 2
+----------------------------+ +------------------------------------+
Outer | Source IP Address = C | Outer | Source IP Address = D |
IPv6 +----------------------------+ IPv6 +------------------------------------+
Header | Destination IP Address = E | Header | Destination IP Address = E |
+----------------------------+ +------------------------------------+
Inner | Source IP Address = A | Inner | IPv6 Address of Multicast Source |
IPv6 +----------------------------+ IPv6 +------------------------------------+
Header | Destination IP Address = F |
+----------------------------+ Header | IPv6 Multicast Destination Address |
BIER | BitString = 00001100 | +------------------------------------+
Routing+----------------------------+ BIER | BitString = 00001100 |
Routing+------------------------------------+
Header Header
Packet 3 Packet 3
+----------------------------+ +-------------------------------------+
IPv6 | Source IP Address = A | IPv6 | IPv6 Address of Multicast Source |
Header +----------------------------+ Header +-------------------------------------+
| Destination IP Address = F | | IPv6 Multicast Destination Address |
BIER +----------------------------+ BIER +-------------------------------------+
Routing| BitString = 00000100 |
Routing| BitString = 00000100 | Header +-------------------------------------+
Header +----------------------------+
Figure 3: Some devices in BIER domain do not support BIER Routing Header Figure 3: Some devices in BIER domain do not support BIER Routing Header
The topology is shown in Figure 4, all devices expect device C The topology is shown in Figure 3, all devices expect device C
support BIER Routing Header resolution. The packet need to be support BIER Routing Header. The packet need to be transmitted from
transmitted from A to F. The change of the Header has been given in A to F. The change of the Header has been given in the Figure 3.
the Figure 4. When it is found that device C does not support BIER When it is found that device C does not support BIER Routing Header,
Routing Header resolution, device A will perform the following steps device D will perform the following steps after receiving the packet:
after receiving the packet:
1. Calculating the IPv6 address of next hop device that supports 1. Calculating the IPv6 address of next hop device(Node E) that
BIER Routing Header. supports BIER Routing Header.
2. Encapsulating an outer IPv6 Header to the packet. The calculated 2. Encapsulating an outer IPv6 Header to the packet. The calculated
IPv6 address is used as the destination address of the outer IPv6 IPv6 address(E) is used as the destination address of the outer IPv6
Header, and its own IPv6 address is used as the source address of the Header, and its own IPv6 address(D) is used as the source address of
outer IPv6 Header. BitString will not be changed. the outer IPv6 Header. BitString will not be changed.
3. Sending the packet to device C. 3. Sending the packet to directed-connected device C.
After receiving the packet, device C will perform IPv6 forwarding After receiving the packet, device C will perform IPv6 forwarding
according the information in outer IPv6 Header, and send the packet according the information in outer IPv6 Header, and send the packet
to device E. Device E will send it to device F according the to device E. Device E will send it to device F according the
information in BIER Routing Header. In the forwarding process, the information in BIER Routing Header. In the forwarding process, the
source address and destination address in the Inner IPv6 Header are source address and destination address in the Inner IPv6 Header are
not changed. not changed.
5. Security Considerations 5. Security Considerations
TBD TBD
6. IANA Considerations 6. IANA Considerations
This document defines a new IPv6 Routing Header - BIER Routing This document defines a new IPv6 Routing Header - BIER Routing
Header. The code point is from the "Internet Protocol Version 6 Header. The code point is from the "Internet Protocol Version 6
(IPv6) Parameters - Routing Types". It is recommended to set the (IPv6) Parameters - Routing Types". It is recommended to set the
code point of BIER Routing Header to 7. code point of BIER Routing Header to 7.
7. Normative References 7. References
[I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6]
Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z., Wijnands, I., Mishra, M., Bidgoli,
H., and G. Mishra, "Supporting BIER in IPv6 Networks
(BIERin6)", draft-ietf-bier-bierin6-00 (work in progress),
June 2021.
[I-D.xie-bier-ipv6-encapsulation] 7.1. Normative References
Xie, J., Geng, L., McBride, M., Asati, R., Dhanaraj, S.,
Zhu, Y., Qin, Z., Shin, M., Mishra, G., and X. Geng,
"Encapsulation for BIER in Non-MPLS IPv6 Networks", draft-
xie-bier-ipv6-encapsulation-10 (work in progress),
February 2021.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC8200] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6 [RFC8200] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
(IPv6) Specification", STD 86, RFC 8200, (IPv6) Specification", STD 86, RFC 8200,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, July 2017, DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, July 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8200>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8200>.
[RFC8279] Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Rosen, E., Ed., Dolganow, A., [RFC8279] Wijnands, IJ., Ed., Rosen, E., Ed., Dolganow, A.,
Przygienda, T., and S. Aldrin, "Multicast Using Bit Index Przygienda, T., and S. Aldrin, "Multicast Using Bit Index
Explicit Replication (BIER)", RFC 8279, Explicit Replication (BIER)", RFC 8279,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8279, November 2017, DOI 10.17487/RFC8279, November 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8279>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8279>.
7.2. Informative References
[I-D.ietf-bier-bierin6]
Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z., Wijnands, I., Mishra, M., Bidgoli,
H., and G. Mishra, "Supporting BIER in IPv6 Networks
(BIERin6)", draft-ietf-bier-bierin6-00 (work in progress),
June 2021.
[I-D.xie-bier-ipv6-encapsulation]
Xie, J., Geng, L., McBride, M., Asati, R., Dhanaraj, S.,
Zhu, Y., Qin, Z., Shin, M., Mishra, G., and X. Geng,
"Encapsulation for BIER in Non-MPLS IPv6 Networks", draft-
xie-bier-ipv6-encapsulation-10 (work in progress),
February 2021.
Authors' Addresses Authors' Addresses
Wei Wang Wei Wang
China Telecom China Telecom
Beiqijia Town, Changping District Beiqijia Town, Changping District
Beijing, Beijing 102209 Beijing, Beijing 102209
China China
Email: weiwang94@foxmail.com Email: weiwang94@foxmail.com
Aijun Wang Aijun Wang
China Telecom China Telecom
Beiqijia Town, Changping District Beiqijia Town, Changping District
Beijing, Beijing 102209 Beijing, Beijing 102209
China China
Email: wangaj3@chinatelecom.cn Email: wangaj3@chinatelecom.cn
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