| < draft-iab-standards-processv2-00.txt | draft-iab-standards-processv2-01.txt > | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Internet Draft Internet Architecture Board | Internet Draft Internet Architecture Board and | |||
| Lyman Chapin, Chair | Expires: December 1993 Internet Engineering Steering Group | |||
| November 1992 | June 1993 | |||
| Expires: May 1993 | ||||
| Draft revision to RFC-1310 -- | The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 2 | |||
| The Internet Standards Process | **DRAFT** | |||
| Status of this Memo | Status of this Memo | |||
| This document is an Internet Draft. Internet Drafts are working | This document is an Internet-Draft. Internet-Drafts are working | |||
| documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas, | documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its Areas, | |||
| and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute | and its Working Groups. Note that other groups may also distribute | |||
| working documents as Internet Drafts. Internet Drafts are draft | working documents as Internet-Drafts. | |||
| documents valid for a maximum of six months. Internet Drafts may be | ||||
| updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It | Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six | |||
| is not appropriate to use Internet Drafts as reference material or to | months. Internet-Drafts may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by | |||
| cite them other than as a ``working draft'' or ``work in progress.'' | other documents at any time. It is not appropriate to use Internet- | |||
| Please check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the | Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as a | |||
| internet-drafts Shadow Directories on nic.ddn.mil, nnsc.nsf.net, | ``working draft'' or ``work in progress.'' | |||
| nic.nordu.net, ftp.nisc.sri.com, or munnari.oz.au to learn the | ||||
| current status of any Internet Draft. | ||||
| Abstract | Abstract | |||
| This memo is a draft of the first update to RFC-1310, which documents | This document is a draft of the first revision of RFC-1310, which | |||
| the current standards procedures in the Internet community. This | defines the official procedures for creating and documenting Internet | |||
| memo is being distributed for comment from the Internet community. | Standards. This draft revision is being distributed to the Internet | |||
| community for comments and suggestions. | ||||
| Major changes in this update include the following: | This revision includes the following major changes: | |||
| (a) Add Prototype Status | (a) The new management structure arising from the POISED Working | |||
| Group is reflected. These changes were agreed to by the IETF | ||||
| plenary and by the IAB and IESG in November 1992 and accepted by | ||||
| the ISOC Board of Trustees at their December 1992 meeting. | ||||
| (b) Rewrite the Intellectual Property Rights section, to incorporate | (b) Prototype status is added to the non-standards track maturity | |||
| legal advice. Section 5 of this document replaces Sections 5 | levels (Section 2.4.1). | |||
| and 6 of RFC-1310. | ||||
| (c) Describe new procedures, e.g., the IESG "last call". | (c) The Intellectual Property Rights section is completely revised, | |||
| in accordance with legal advice. Section 5 of this document | ||||
| replaces Sections 5 and 6 of RFC-1310. Note however, that the | ||||
| new Section 5 is still incomplete and that it is awaiting review | ||||
| by legal counsel. | ||||
| (d) Incorporate many suggestions made by IETF members. | (d) An appeals procedure is added (Section 3.6). | |||
| Significant content changes from RFC-1310 are noted with change bars. | Finally, the document was reorganized into a more logical and | |||
| In addition, there are many stylistic changes and some | coherent structure. | |||
| reorganization. | ||||
| TABLE OF CONTENTS | TABLE OF CONTENTS | |||
| 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................. 2 | 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................. 2 | |||
| 1.1. Internet Standards ....................................... 2 | 1.1 Internet Standards. ...................................... 2 | |||
| 1.2. Organization ............................................. 4 | 1.2 Organizations ............................................ 5 | |||
| 1.3. Standards-Related Publications ........................... 5 | 1.3 Standards-Related Publications ........................... 6 | |||
| 1.3.1. Requests for Comments (RFCs) ........................ 5 | 1.4 Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) ................ 8 | |||
| 1.3.2. Internet Drafts ..................................... 6 | 2. NOMENCLATURE ................................................. 9 | |||
| 1.4. Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) ................ 6 | 2.1 The Internet Standards Track ............................. 9 | |||
| 2. NOMENCLATURE ................................................. 7 | 2.2 Types of Specifications .................................. 9 | |||
| 2.1. The Internet Standards Track ............................. 7 | 2.3 Standards Track Maturity Levels .......................... 11 | |||
| 2.2. Types of Specifications .................................. 7 | 2.4 Non-Standards Track Maturity Levels ...................... 12 | |||
| 2.3. Standards Track Maturity Levels .......................... 9 | 2.5 Requirement Levels ....................................... 14 | |||
| 2.4. Non-Standards Track Maturity Levels ...................... 10 | 3. THE INTERNET STANDARDS PROCESS ............................... 15 | |||
| 2.5. Requirement Levels ....................................... 12 | 3.1 Review and Approval ...................................... 15 | |||
| 3. THE INTERNET STANDARDS PROCESS ............................... 13 | 3.3 Advancing in the Standards Track ......................... 17 | |||
| 3.1. Review and Approval ...................................... 13 | 3.4 Revising a Standard ...................................... 18 | |||
| 3.2. Entering the Standards Track ............................. 15 | 3.5 Retiring a Standard ...................................... 19 | |||
| 3.3. Advancing in the Standards Track ......................... 15 | 3.6 Conflict Resolution and Appeals .......................... 19 | |||
| 3.4. Revising a Standard ...................................... 16 | 4. EXTERNAL STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS ........................ 20 | |||
| 3.5. Retiring a Standard ...................................... 16 | 5. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ................................. 22 | |||
| 4. EXTERNAL STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS ........................ 15 | 5.1 Trade Secret Rights ...................................... 23 | |||
| 5. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ................................. 18 | 5.2 Patent Rights ............................................ 23 | |||
| 5.1. Trade Secret Rights ...................................... 19 | 5.3 Copyright ................................................ 24 | |||
| 5.2. Patent Rights ............................................ 19 | 5.4 Notices And Agreements ................................... 25 | |||
| 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND REFERENCES ............................... 21 | 6. REFERENCES ................................................... 25 | |||
| APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY ............................................. 22 | APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS ................................. 26 | |||
| APPENDIX B: CONTACT POINTS ....................................... 22 | APPENDIX B: CONTACT POINTS ....................................... 26 | |||
| APPENDIX C: FUTURE ISSUES ........................................ 27 | ||||
| 1. INTRODUCTION | 1. INTRODUCTION | |||
| 1.1 Internet Standards. | This memo documents the process currently used by the Internet | |||
| community for the standardization of protocols and procedures. | ||||
| This memo documents the process currently used by the Internet | | 1.1 Internet Standards. | |||
| Society for the standardization of Internet protocols and | | ||||
| procedures. | ||||
| The Internet, a loosely-organized international collaboration of | The Internet, a loosely-organized international collaboration of | |||
| autonomous, interconnected networks, supports host-to-host | autonomous, interconnected networks, supports host-to-host | |||
| communication through voluntary adherence to open protocols and | communication through voluntary adherence to open protocols and | |||
| procedures defined by Internet Standards. There are also many | procedures defined by Internet Standards. There are also many | |||
| isolated internets, i.e., sets of interconnected networks, that | isolated internets, i.e., sets of interconnected networks, which | |||
| are not connected to the Internet but use the Internet Standards. | are not connected to the Internet but use the Internet Standards. | |||
| The architecture and technical specifications of the Internet are | ||||
| the result of numerous research and development activities | Internet Standards were once limited to those protocols composing | |||
| conducted over a period of two decades, performed by the network | what has been commonly known as the "TCP/IP protocol suite". | |||
| R&D community, by service and equipment vendors, and by government | However, the Internet has been evolving towards the support of | |||
| agencies around the world. | multiple protocol suites, especially the Open Systems | |||
| Interconnection (OSI) suite. The Internet Standards process | ||||
| described in this document is concerned with all protocols, | ||||
| procedures, and conventions that are used in or by the Internet, | ||||
| whether or not they are part of the TCP/IP protocol suite. In the | ||||
| case of protocols developed and/or standardized by non-Internet | ||||
| organizations, however, the Internet Standards process may apply | ||||
| only to the application of the protocol or procedure in the | ||||
| Internet context, not to the specification of the protocol itself. | ||||
| In general, an Internet Standard is a specification that is stable | In general, an Internet Standard is a specification that is stable | |||
| and well-understood, is technically competent, has multiple, | and well-understood, is technically competent, has multiple, | |||
| independent, and interoperable implementations with substantial | independent, and interoperable implementations with substantial | |||
| operational experience, enjoys significant public support, and is | operational experience, enjoys significant public support, and is | |||
| recognizably useful in some or all parts of the Internet. | recognizably useful in some or all parts of the Internet. | |||
| The principal set of Internet Standards is commonly known as the | The procedures described in this document are designed to be fair, | |||
| "TCP/IP protocol suite". As the Internet evolves, new protocols | open and objective; to be retrospective; and to be flexible. | |||
| and services, in particular those for Open Systems Interconnection | ||||
| (OSI), have been and will be deployed in traditional TCP/IP | ||||
| environments, leading to an Internet that supports multiple | ||||
| protocol suites. This document concerns all protocols, | ||||
| procedures, and conventions intended for use in the Internet, not | ||||
| just the TCP/IP protocols. | ||||
| The procedures described in this document are intended to provide | o These procedures are intended to provide a fair, open, and | |||
| a clear, open, and objective basis for developing, evaluating, and | objective basis for developing, evaluating, and adopting | |||
| adopting Internet Standards for protocols and services. The | Internet Standards. They provide ample opportunity for | |||
| procedures provide ample opportunity for participation and comment | participation and comment by all interested parties. At each | |||
| by all interested parties. Before an Internet Standard is | stage of the standardization process, a specification is | |||
| adopted, it is repeatedly discussed (and perhaps debated) in open | repeatedly discussed and its merits debated in open meetings | |||
| meetings and/or public electronic mailing lists, and it is | and/or public electronic mailing lists, and it is made | |||
| available for review via world-wide on-line directories. | available for review via world-wide on-line directories. | |||
| These procedures are explicitly aimed at developing and adopting | o These procedures are explicitly aimed at recognizing and | |||
| generally-accepted practices. Thus, a candidate for Internet | adopting generally-accepted practices. Thus, a candidate | |||
| standardization is implemented and tested for correct operation | specification is implemented and tested for correct operation | |||
| and interoperability by multiple, independent parties, and | and interoperability by multiple independent parties and | |||
| utilized in increasingly demanding environments, before it can be | utilized in increasingly demanding environments, before it | |||
| adopted as an Internet Standard. | can be adopted as an Internet Standard. | |||
| The procedures that are described here provide a great deal of | o These procedures provide a great deal of flexibility to adapt | |||
| flexibility to adapt to the wide variety of circumstances that | to the wide variety of circumstances that occur in the | |||
| occur in the Internet standardization process. Experience has | standardization process. Experience has shown this | |||
| shown this flexibility to be vital in achieving the following | flexibility to be vital in achieving the goals listed above. | |||
| goals for Internet standardization: | ||||
| * high quality, | The goal of technical competence, the requirement for prior | |||
| implementation and testing, and the need to allow all interested | ||||
| parties to comment, all require significant time and effort. On | ||||
| the other hand, today's rapid development of networking technology | ||||
| places an urgency on timely development of standards. The | ||||
| Internet standardization rules described here are intended to | ||||
| balance these conflicting goals. The process is believed to be as | ||||
| short and simple as possible without undue sacrifice of technical | ||||
| competence, prior testing, or openness and fairness. | ||||
| * prior implementation and testing, | In summary, the goals for the Internet standards process are: | |||
| * openness and fairness, and | * technical excellence; | |||
| * prior implementation and testing; | ||||
| * clear, short, and easily understandable documentation; | ||||
| * openness and fairness; and | ||||
| * timeliness. | * timeliness. | |||
| In outline, the process of creating an Internet Standard is | In outline, the process of creating an Internet Standard is | |||
| straightforward: a specification undergoes a period of development | straightforward: a specification undergoes a period of development | |||
| and several iterations of review by the Internet community and | and several iterations of review by the Internet community and | |||
| revision based upon experience, is adopted as a Standard by the | revision based upon experience, is adopted as a Standard by the | |||
| appropriate body (see below), and is published. | appropriate body (see below), and is published. In practice, the | |||
| process is more complicated, due to (1) the difficulty of creating | ||||
| In practice, the process is more complicated, due to (1) the | specifications of high technical quality; (2) the need to consider | |||
| number and type of possible sources for specifications; (2) the | | the interests of all of the affected parties; (3) the importance | |||
| difficulty of creating specifications of high technical quality; | of establishing widespread community consensus; and (4) the | |||
| (3) the desire to preserve the interests of all of the affected | difficulty of evaluating the utility of a particular specification | |||
| parties; (4) the importance of establishing widespread community | for the Internet community. | |||
| consensus; and (5) the difficulty of evaluating the utility of a | ||||
| particular specification for the Internet community. | ||||
| Some specifications that are candidates for Internet | ||||
| standardization are the result of organized efforts directly | ||||
| within the Internet community; others are the result of work that | ||||
| was not originally organized as an Internet effort, but which was | ||||
| later adopted by the Internet community. | ||||
| From its inception, the Internet has been, and is expected to | From its inception, the Internet has been, and is expected to | |||
| remain, an evolving system whose participants regularly factor new | remain, an evolving system whose participants regularly factor new | |||
| requirements and technology into its design and implementation. | requirements and technology into its design and implementation. | |||
| Users of the Internet and providers of the equipment, software, | Users of the Internet and providers of the equipment, software, | |||
| and services that support it should anticipate and embrace this | and services that support it should anticipate and embrace this | |||
| evolution as a major tenet of Internet philosophy. | evolution as a major tenet of Internet philosophy. | |||
| The procedures described in this document are the result of three | The procedures described in this document are the result of three | |||
| years of evolution, driven both by the needs of the growing and | years of evolution, driven both by the needs of the growing and | |||
| increasingly diverse Internet community, and by experience. | increasingly diverse Internet community, and by experience. | |||
| Comments and suggestions are invited for improvement in these | Comments and suggestions are invited for improving these | |||
| procedures. | procedures. | |||
| The remainder of this section describes the organizations and | | The remainder of this section describes the organizations and | |||
| publications involved in Internet standardization. Section 2 | | publications involved in Internet standardization. Section 2 | |||
| presents the nomenclature for different kinds and levels of | | presents the nomenclature for different kinds and levels of | |||
| Internet standard technical specifications and their | | Internet standard technical specifications and their | |||
| applicability. Section 3 describes the process and rules for | | applicability. Section 3 describes the process and rules for | |||
| Internet standardization. Section 4 defines how relevant | | Internet standardization. Section 4 defines how relevant | |||
| externally-sponsored specifications and practices, developed and | | externally-sponsored specifications and practices, developed and | |||
| controlled by other standards bodies or by vendors, are handled in | | controlled by other standards bodies or by vendors, are handled in | |||
| the Internet standardization process. Section 5 presents the | | the Internet standardization process. Section 5 presents the | |||
| rules that are required to protect intellectual property rights. | rules that are required to protect intellectual property rights | |||
| and to assure unrestricted ability for all interested parties to | ||||
| practice Internet Standards. | ||||
| 1.2 Organization | 1.2 Organizations | |||
| The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) is the primary coordinating | The following organizations are involved in setting Internet | |||
| committee for Internet design, engineering, and management [1]. | standards. | |||
| The The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has primary | ||||
| responsibility for the development and review of potential | ||||
| Internet Standards from all sources. The IETF forms Working | ||||
| Groups to pursue specific technical issues, frequently resulting | ||||
| in the development of one or more specifications that are proposed | ||||
| for adoption as Internet Standards. | ||||
| Final decisions on Internet standardization are made by the IAB, | * ISOC | |||
| based upon recommendations from the Internet Engineering Steering | ||||
| Group (IESG), the leadership body of the IETF. IETF Working | Internet standardization is an organized activity of the | |||
| Groups are organized into areas, and each area is coordinated by | Internet Society (ISOC). The ISOC is a professional society | |||
| an Area Director. The Area Directors and the IETF Chairman are | that is concerned with the growth and evolution of the | |||
| included in the IESG. | worldwide Internet, with the way in which the Internet is and | |||
| can be used, and with the social, political, and technical | ||||
| issues that arise as a result. | ||||
| * IETF | ||||
| The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is the primary | ||||
| body developing new Internet Standard specifications. The | ||||
| IETF is composed of many Working Groups, which are organized | ||||
| into areas, each of which is coordinated by one or more Area | ||||
| Directors. | ||||
| * IESG | ||||
| The Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG) is responsible | ||||
| for technical management of IETF activities and the approval | ||||
| of Internet standards specifications, using the rules given | ||||
| in later sections of this document. The IESG is composed of | ||||
| the IETF Area Directors, some at-large members, and the | ||||
| chairperson of the IESG/IETF. | ||||
| * IAB | ||||
| The Internet Architecture Board (IAB) has been chartered by | ||||
| the Internet Society Board of Trustees to provide quality | ||||
| control and process appeals for the standards process, as | ||||
| well as external technical liaison, organizational oversight, | ||||
| and long-term architectural planning and research. | ||||
| Any member of the Internet community with the time and interest is | Any member of the Internet community with the time and interest is | |||
| urged to attend IETF meetings and to participate actively in one | urged to participate actively in one or more IETF Working Groups | |||
| or more IETF Working Groups. Participation is by individual | and to attend IETF meetings. In many cases, active Working Group | |||
| technical contributors rather than formal representatives of | participation is possible through email alone; furthermore, | |||
| organizations. The process works because the IETF Working Groups | Internet video conferencing is being used experimentally to allow | |||
| display a spirit of cooperation as well as a high degree of | remote participation. Participation is by individual technical | |||
| technical maturity; IETF members recognize that the greatest | contributors rather than formal representatives of organizations. | |||
| benefit for all members of the Internet community results from | The process works because the IETF Working Groups display a spirit | |||
| cooperative development of technically superior protocols and | of cooperation as well as a high degree of technical maturity; | |||
| services. | IETF participants recognize that the greatest benefit for all | |||
| members of the Internet community results from cooperative | ||||
| development of technically superior protocols and services. | ||||
| A second body, the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF), | Members of the IESG and IAB are nominated for two-year terms by a | |||
| investigates topics considered to be too uncertain, too advanced, | committee that is drawn from the roll of recent participation in | |||
| or insufficiently well-understood to be the subject of Internet | the IETF and chartered by the ISOC Board of Trustees. The | |||
| standardization. When an IRTF activity generates a specification | appointment of IESG and of IAB members are made from these | |||
| that is sufficiently stable to be considered for Internet | nominations by the IAB and by the ISOC Board of Trustees, | |||
| standardization, the specification is processed through the using | respectively. | |||
| the rules in this document. | ||||
| 1.3. Standards-Related Publications | The Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) is not directly part of | |||
| the standards process. It investigates topics considered to be | ||||
| too uncertain, too advanced, or insufficiently well-understood to | ||||
| be the subject of Internet standardization. When an IRTF activity | ||||
| generates a specification that is sufficiently stable to be | ||||
| considered for Internet standardization, the specification is | ||||
| processed through the IETF using the rules in this document. | ||||
| 1.3.1. Requests for Comments (RFCs) | 1.3 Standards-Related Publications | |||
| 1.3.1 Requests for Comments (RFCs) | ||||
| Each distinct version of a specification is published as part | Each distinct version of a specification is published as part | |||
| of the "Request for Comments" (RFC) document series. This | of the "Request for Comments" (RFC) document series. This | |||
| series is the official publication channel for the IAB and its | archival series is the official publication channel for | |||
| activities, and the RFC Editor is a member of the IAB. | Internet standards documents and other publications of the | |||
| IESG, IAB, and Internet community. RFCs are available for | ||||
| anonymous FTP from a nunber of Internet hosts. | ||||
| RFCs form a series of publications of networking technical | The RFC series of documents on networking began in 1969 as part | |||
| documents, begun in 1969 as part of the original DARPA wide- | of the original ARPA wide-area networking (ARPANET) project | |||
| area networking (ARPANET) project (see Appendix A for glossary | (see Appendix A for glossary of acronyms). RFCs cover a wide | |||
| of acronyms). RFCs cover a wide range of topics, from early | range of topics, from early discussion of new research concepts | |||
| discussion of new research concepts to status memos about the | to status memos about the Internet. RFC publication is the | |||
| Internet. | direct responsibility of the RFC Editor, under the general | |||
| direction of the IAB. | ||||
| The rules for formatting and submitting an RFC are defined in | | The rules for formatting and submitting an RFC are defined in | |||
| reference [10]. Every RFC will be available in ASCII text, but | | reference [5]. Every RFC is available in ASCII text, but some | |||
| some RFCs will also be available in Postscript. For | | RFCs are also available in PostScript*. The PostScript version | |||
| standards-track specifications, there is a stricter requirement | | _________________________ | |||
| on the publication format: the ASCII version is the reference | | *PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, | |||
| document, and therefore it must be complete and accurate. A | | of an RFC may contain material (such as diagrams and figures) | |||
| supplemental Postscript versin with more attractive formatting | | that is not present in the ASCII version, and it may be | |||
| is optional in this case. | formatted differently. | |||
| The status of specifications on the Internet standards track is | ********************************************************* | |||
| summarized periodically in an RFC entitled "IAB Official | * A stricter requirement applies to standards-track * | |||
| Protocol Standards" [2]. This RFC shows the level of maturity | * specifications: the ASCII text version is the * | |||
| and other helpful information for each Internet protocol or | * definitive reference, and therefore it must be a * | |||
| service specification. | * complete and accurate specification of the standard, * | |||
| * including all necessary diagrams and illustrations. * | ||||
| * * | ||||
| ********************************************************* | ||||
| ******************************************************** | The status of Internet protocol and service specifications is | |||
| * The "IAB Official Protocol Standards" RFC is the * | summarized periodically in an RFC entitled "Official Protocol | |||
| * authoritative statement of the current status of * | Standards" [1]. This RFC shows the level of maturity and other | |||
| * any particular Internet specification. * | helpful information for each Internet protocol or service | |||
| ******************************************************** | specification. See Section 3.1.3 below. | |||
| The STD documents form a subseries of the RFC series. When a | Some RFCs document Internet standards. These RFCs form the | |||
| specification has been adopted as an Internet Standard, its RFC | 'STD' subseries of the RFC series [4]. When a specification | |||
| is labeled with a STDxxx number [9] in addition to its RFC | has been adopted as an Internet Standard, it is given the | |||
| number. | additional label "STDxxxx", but it keeps its RFC number and its | |||
| place in the RFC series. | ||||
| Not all specifications of protocols or services for the | Not all specifications of protocols or services for the | |||
| Internet should or will become Internet Standards. Such non- | Internet should or will become Internet Standards. Such non- | |||
| standards track specifications are not subject to the rules for | standards track specifications are not subject to the rules for | |||
| Internet standardization; generally, they will be published | Internet standardization. Generally, they will be published | |||
| directly as RFCs at the discretion of the RFC editor and the | | directly as RFCs at the discretion of the RFC editor and the | |||
| IESG. These RFCs will be marked as "Prototype", "Experimental" | | IESG. These RFCs will be marked "Prototype", "Experimental" or | |||
| or "Informational" (see section 2.3). | "Informational" as appropriate (see section 2.3). | |||
| ******************************************************** | ******************************************************** | |||
| * It is important to remember that not all RFCs * | * It is important to remember that not all RFCs * | |||
| * are standards track documents, and that not all * | * are standards track documents, and that not all * | |||
| * standards track documents reach the level of * | * standards track documents reach the level of * | |||
| * Internet Standard. * | * Internet Standard. * | |||
| ******************************************************** | ******************************************************** | |||
| 1.3.2. Internet Drafts | 1.3.2 Internet Drafts | |||
| During the development of a specification, draft versions of | During the development of a specification, draft versions of | |||
| the document are made available for informal review and comment | the document are made available for informal review and comment | |||
| by placing them in the IETF's "Internet Drafts" directory, | by placing them in the IETF's "Internet Drafts" directory, | |||
| _________________________ | ||||
| Inc. | ||||
| which is replicated on a number of Internet hosts. This makes | which is replicated on a number of Internet hosts. This makes | |||
| an evolving working document readily available to a wide | an evolving working document readily available to a wide | |||
| audience, facilitating the process of review and revision. | audience, facilitating the process of review and revision. | |||
| An Internet Draft that is published as an RFC, or that has | An Internet Draft that is published as an RFC, or that has | |||
| remained unchanged in the Internet Drafts directory for more | remained unchanged in the Internet Drafts directory for more | |||
| than six months without being recommended by the IESG for | than six months without being recommended by the IESG for | |||
| publication as an RFC, is simply removed from the Internet | publication as an RFC, is simply removed from the Internet | |||
| Draft directory. At any time, an Internet Draft may be | Draft directory. At any time, an Internet Draft may be | |||
| replaced by a more recent version of the same specification, | replaced by a more recent version of the same specification, | |||
| restarting the six-month timeout period. | restarting the six-month timeout period. | |||
| An Internet Draft is NOT a means of "publishing" a | An Internet Draft is NOT a means of "publishing" a | |||
| specification; specifications are published through the RFC | specification; specifications are published through the RFC | |||
| mechanism described in the next section. Internet Drafts have | mechanism described in the previous section. Internet Drafts | |||
| no formal status, and are not part of the permanent archival | have no formal status, are not part of the permanent archival | |||
| record of Internet activity, and they are subject to change or | record of Internet activity, and are subject to change or | |||
| removal at any time. Under no circumstances should an Internet | removal at any time. | |||
| Draft be referenced by any paper, report, or Request for | ||||
| Proposal, nor should a vendor claim compliance with an | | ||||
| Internet-Draft. | ||||
| 1.4. Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) | ******************************************************** | |||
| * Under no circumstances should an Internet Draft * | ||||
| * be referenced by any paper, report, or Request-for-* | ||||
| * Proposal, nor should a vendor claim compliance * | ||||
| * with an Internet-Draft. * | ||||
| ******************************************************** | ||||
| Note: It is acceptable to reference a standards-track | ||||
| specification that may be reasonably be expected to be | ||||
| published as an RFC using the phrase "RFC in preparation", | ||||
| without referencing an Internet Draft. | ||||
| 1.4 Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) | ||||
| Many protocol specifications include numbers, keywords, and other | Many protocol specifications include numbers, keywords, and other | |||
| parameters that must be uniquely assigned. Examples include | parameters that must be uniquely assigned. Examples include | |||
| version numbers, protocol numbers, port numbers, and MIB numbers. | version numbers, protocol numbers, port numbers, and MIB numbers. | |||
| The IAB has delegated to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority | The IAB has delegated to the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority | |||
| (IANA) the task of assigning such protocol parameters for the | (IANA) the task of assigning such protocol parameters for the | |||
| Internet. The IANA publishes tables of all currently assigned | Internet. The IANA publishes tables of all currently assigned | |||
| numbers and parameters in RFCs titled "Assigned Numbers" [8]. | numbers and parameters in RFCs titled "Assigned Numbers" [3]. | |||
| Each category of assigned numbers typically arises from some | Each category of assigned numbers typically arises from some | |||
| protocol that is on the standards track or is an Internet | protocol that is on the standards track or is an Internet | |||
| Standard. For example, TCP port numbers are assigned because TCP | Standard. For example, TCP port numbers are assigned because TCP | |||
| is a Standard. A particular value within a category may be | is a Standard. A particular value within a category may be | |||
| assigned in a variety of circumstances; the specification | assigned in a variety of circumstances; the specification | |||
| requiring the parameter may be in the standards track, it may be | requiring the parameter may be in the standards track, it may be | |||
| Experimental, or it may be private. | Experimental, or it may be private. Note that assignment of a | |||
| number to a protocol is independent of, and does not imply, | ||||
| acceptance of that protocol as a standard. | ||||
| Chaos could result from accidental conflicts of parameter values, | Chaos could result from accidental conflicts of parameter values, | |||
| so we urge that every protocol parameter, for either public or | so we urge that every protocol parameter, for either public or | |||
| private usage, be explicitly assigned by the IANA. Private | private usage, be explicitly assigned by the IANA. Private | |||
| protocols often become public. Programmers are often tempted to | protocols often become public. Programmers are often tempted to | |||
| choose a "random" value or to guess the next unassigned value of a | choose a "random" value or to guess the next unassigned value of a | |||
| parameter; both are hazardous. | parameter; both are hazardous. | |||
| The IANA is tasked to avoid frivolous assignments and to | The IANA is expected to avoid frivolous assignments and to | |||
| distinguish different assignments uniquely. The IANA accomplishes | distinguish different assignments uniquely. The IANA accomplishes | |||
| both goals by requiring a technical description of each protocol | both goals by requiring a technical description of each protocol | |||
| or service to which a value is to be assigned. Judgment on the | or service to which a value is to be assigned. Judgment on the | |||
| adequacy of the description resides with the IANA. In the case of | adequacy of the description resides with the IANA. In the case of | |||
| a standards track or Experimental protocol, the corresponding | a standards track or Experimental protocol, the corresponding | |||
| technical specifications provide the required documentation for | technical specifications provide the required documentation for | |||
| IANA. For a proprietary protocol, the IANA will keep confidential | IANA. For a proprietary protocol, the IANA will keep confidential | |||
| any writeup that is supplied, but at least a short (2 page) | any writeup that is supplied, but at least a short (2 page) | |||
| writeup is still required for an assignment. | writeup is still required for an assignment. | |||
| 2. NOMENCLATURE | 2. NOMENCLATURE | |||
| 2.1. The Internet Standards Track | 2.1 The Internet Standards Track | |||
| Specifications that are destined to become Internet Standards | Specifications that are destined to become Internet Standards | |||
| evolve through a set of maturity levels known as the "standards | evolve through a set of maturity levels known as the "standards | |||
| track". These maturity levels -- "Proposed Standard", "Draft | track". These maturity levels -- "Proposed Standard", "Draft | |||
| Standard", and "Standard" -- are defined and discussed below in | Standard", and "Standard" -- are defined and discussed below in | |||
| Section 3.2. | Section 3.2. | |||
| Even after a specification has been adopted as an Internet | Even after a specification has been adopted as an Internet | |||
| Standard, further evolution often occurs based on experience and | Standard, further evolution often occurs based on experience and | |||
| the recognition of new requirements. The nomenclature and | the recognition of new requirements. The nomenclature and | |||
| procedures of Internet standardization provide for the replacement | procedures of Internet standardization provide for the replacement | |||
| of old Internet Standards with new ones, and the assignment of | of old Internet Standards with new ones, and the assignment of | |||
| descriptive labels to indicate the status of "retired" Internet | descriptive labels to indicate the status of "retired" Internet | |||
| Standards. A set of maturity levels is defined in Section 3.3 to | Standards. A set of maturity levels is defined in Section 3.3 to | |||
| cover these and other "off-track" specifications. | cover these and other "off-track" specifications. | |||
| 2.2. Types of Specifications | 2.2 Types of Specifications | |||
| Specifications subject to the Internet standardization process | Specifications subject to the Internet standardization process | |||
| fall into two categories: Technical Specifications (TS) and | fall into two categories: Technical Specifications (TS) and | |||
| Applicability Statements (AS). | Applicability Statements (AS). | |||
| 2.2.1. Technical Specification (TS) | 2.2.1 Technical Specification (TS) | |||
| A Technical Specification is any description of a protocol, | A Technical Specification is any description of a protocol, | |||
| service, procedure, convention, or format. It may completely | service, procedure, convention, or format. It may completely | |||
| describe all of the relevant aspects of its subject, or it may | describe all of the relevant aspects of its subject, or it may | |||
| leave one or more parameters or options unspecified. A TS may | leave one or more parameters or options unspecified. A TS may | |||
| be completely self-contained, or it may incorporate material | be completely self-contained, or it may incorporate material | |||
| from other specifications by reference to other documents | from other specifications by reference to other documents | |||
| (which may or may not be Internet Standards). | (which may or may not be Internet Standards). | |||
| A TS shall include a statement of its scope and the general | A TS shall include a statement of its scope and the general | |||
| intent for its use (domain of applicability). Thus, a TS that | intent for its use (domain of applicability). Thus, a TS that | |||
| is inherently specific to a particular context shall contain a | is inherently specific to a particular context shall contain a | |||
| statement to that effect. However, a TS does not specify | statement to that effect. However, a TS does not specify | |||
| requirements for its use within the Internet; these | requirements for its use within the Internet; these | |||
| requirements, which depend on the particular context in which | requirements, which depend on the particular context in which | |||
| the TS is incorporated by different system configurations, is | the TS is incorporated by different system configurations, is | |||
| defined by an Applicability Statement. | defined by an Applicability Statement. | |||
| 2.2.2. Applicability Statement (AS) | 2.2.2 Applicability Statement (AS) | |||
| An Applicability Statement specifies how, and under what | An Applicability Statement specifies how, and under what | |||
| circumstances, one or more TSs are to be applied to support a | circumstances, one or more TSs are to be applied to support a | |||
| particular Internet capability. An AS may specify uses for TSs | particular Internet capability. An AS may specify uses for TSs | |||
| that are not Internet Standards, as discussed in Section 4. | that are not Internet Standards, as discussed in Section 4. | |||
| An AS identifies the relevant TSs and the specific way in which | An AS identifies the relevant TSs and the specific way in which | |||
| they are to be combined, and may also specify particular values | they are to be combined, and may also specify particular values | |||
| or ranges of TS parameters or subfunctions of a TS protocol | or ranges of TS parameters or subfunctions of a TS protocol | |||
| that must be implemented. An AS also specifies the | that must be implemented. An AS also specifies the | |||
| circumstances in which the use of a particular TS is required, | circumstances in which the use of a particular TS is required, | |||
| recommended, or elective. | recommended, or elective. | |||
| An AS may describe particular methods of using a TS in a | An AS may describe particular methods of using a TS in a | |||
| restricted "domain of applicability", such as Internet routers, | restricted "domain of applicability", such as Internet routers, | |||
| terminal servers, Internet systems that interface to Ethernets, | terminal servers, Internet systems that interface to Ethernets, | |||
| or datagram-based database servers. | or datagram-based database servers. | |||
| The broadest type of AS is a comprehensive conformance | The broadest type of AS is a comprehensive conformance | |||
| specification, commonly called a "requirements document", for a | specification, commonly called a "requirements document", for a | |||
| particular class of Internet systems [3,4,5], such as Internet | particular class of Internet systems, such as Internet routers | |||
| routers or Internet hosts. | or Internet hosts. | |||
| An AS may not have a higher maturity level in the standards | An AS may not have a higher maturity level in the standards | |||
| track than any TS to which the AS applies. For example, a TS | track than any standards-track TS to which the AS applies. For | |||
| at Draft Standard level may be referenced by an AS at the | example, a TS at Draft Standard level may be referenced by an | |||
| Proposed Standard or Draft Standard level, but not an AS at the | AS at the Proposed Standard or Draft Standard level, but not by | |||
| Standard level. Like a TS, an AS does not come into effect | an AS at the Standard level. Like a TS, an AS does not come | |||
| until it reaches Standard level. | into effect until it reaches Standard level. | |||
| Although TSs and ASs are conceptually separate, in practice an | Although TSs and ASs are conceptually separate, in practice a | |||
| Internet Standard RFC may include elements of both an AS and one | standards- track document may combine an AS and one or more | |||
| or more TSs in a single document. For example, Technical | related TSs. For example, Technical Specifications that are | |||
| Specifications that are developed specifically and exclusively for | developed specifically and exclusively for some particular domain | |||
| some particular domain of applicability, e.g., for mail server | of applicability, e.g., for mail server hosts, often contain | |||
| hosts, often contain within a single specification all of the | within a single specification all of the relevant AS and TS | |||
| relevant AS and TS information. In such cases, no useful purpose | information. In such cases, no useful purpose would be served by | |||
| would be served by deliberately distributing the information among | deliberately distributing the information among several documents | |||
| several documents just to preserve the formal AS/TS distinction. | just to preserve the formal AS/TS distinction. However, a TS that | |||
| However, a TS that is likely to apply to more than one domain of | is likely to apply to more than one domain of applicability should | |||
| applicability should be developed in a modular fashion, to | be developed in a modular fashion, to facilitate its incorporation | |||
| facilitate its incorporation by multiple ASs. | by multiple ASs. | |||
| 2.3. Standards Track Maturity Levels | 2.3 Standards Track Maturity Levels | |||
| ASs and TSs go through stages of development, testing, and | ASs and TSs go through stages of development, testing, and | |||
| acceptance. Within the Internet standards process, these stages | acceptance. Within the Internet standards process, these stages | |||
| are formally labeled "maturity levels". | are formally labeled "maturity levels". | |||
| This section describes the maturity levels and the expected | This section describes the maturity levels and the expected | |||
| characteristics of specifications at each level. The general | characteristics of specifications at each level. The general | |||
| procedures for developing a specification and processing it | procedures for developing a specification and processing it | |||
| through the maturity levels along the standards track were | through the maturity levels along the standards track were | |||
| discussed in Section 2 above. | discussed in Section 2 above. | |||
| 2.3.1. Proposed Standard | 2.3.1 Proposed Standard | |||
| The entry-level maturity for the standards track is "Proposed | The entry-level maturity for the standards track is "Proposed | |||
| Standard". A Proposed Standard specification is generally | Standard". A Proposed Standard specification is generally | |||
| stable, has resolved known design choices, is believed to be | stable, has resolved known design choices, is believed to be | |||
| well-understood, has received significant community review, and | well-understood, has received significant community review, and | |||
| appears to enjoy enough community interest to be considered | appears to enjoy enough community interest to be considered | |||
| valuable. However, further experience might result in a change | valuable. However, further experience might result in a change | |||
| or even retraction of the specification before it advances to a | or even retraction of the specification before it advances. | |||
| Standard. | ||||
| Usually, neither implementation nor operational experience is | Usually, neither implementation nor operational experience is | |||
| required for the designation of a specification as a Proposed | required for the designation of a specification as a Proposed | |||
| Standard. However, such experience is highly desirable, and | Standard. However, such experience is highly desirable, and | |||
| will usually represent a strong argument in favor of a Proposed | will usually represent a strong argument in favor of a Proposed | |||
| Standard designation. Furthermore, the IAB may require | Standard designation. | |||
| implementation and/or operational experience prior to granting | ||||
| Proposed Standard status to a specification that materially | The IESG may require implementation and/or operational | |||
| affects the core Internet protocols or that specifies behavior | experience prior to granting Proposed Standard status to a | |||
| that may have significant operational impact on the Internet. | specification that materially affects the core Internet | |||
| Typically, such a specification will be published initially | protocols or that specifies behavior that may have significant | |||
| with Experimental or Prototype status (see below), and moved to | operational impact on the Internet. Typically, such a | |||
| the standards track only after sufficient implementation or | specification will be published initially with Experimental or | |||
| operational experience has been obtained. | Prototype status (see below), and moved to the standards track | |||
| only after sufficient implementation or operational experience | ||||
| has been obtained. | ||||
| A Proposed Standard should have no known technical omissions | A Proposed Standard should have no known technical omissions | |||
| with respect to the requirements placed upon it. In some | with respect to the requirements placed upon it. However, the | |||
| cases, the IESG may recommend that the requirements be | IESG may recommend that this requirement be explicitly reduced | |||
| explicitly reduced in order to allow a protocol to advance into | in order to allow a protocol to advance into the Proposed | |||
| the Proposed Standard state. This can happen if the | Standard state, when a specification is considered to be useful | |||
| specification is considered to be useful and necessary (and | and necessary (and timely), even absent the missing features. | |||
| timely), even absent the missing features. For example, some | For example, some protocols have been advanced by explicitly | |||
| protocols have been advanced by explicitly deciding to omit | deciding to omit security features, since an overall security | |||
| security features at the Proposed Standard level, since an | architecture was still under development. | |||
| overall security architecture was still under development. | ||||
| 2.3.2. Draft Standard | 2.3.2 Draft Standard | |||
| A specification from which at least two independent and | A specification from which at least two independent and | |||
| interoperable implementations have been developed, and for | interoperable implementations have been developed, and for | |||
| which sufficient successful operational experience has been | which sufficient successful operational experience has been | |||
| obtained, may be elevated to the "Draft Standard" level. This | obtained, may be elevated to the "Draft Standard" level. This | |||
| is a major advance in status, indicating a strong belief that | is a major advance in status, indicating a strong belief that | |||
| the specification is mature and will be useful. | the specification is mature and will be useful. | |||
| A Draft Standard must be well-understood and known to be quite | A Draft Standard must be well-understood and known to be quite | |||
| stable, both in its semantics and as a basis for developing an | stable, both in its semantics and as a basis for developing an | |||
| implementation. A Draft Standard may still require additional | implementation. A Draft Standard may still require additional | |||
| or more widespread field experience, since it is possible for | or more widespread field experience, since it is possible for | |||
| implementations based on Draft Standard specifications to | implementations based on Draft Standard specifications to | |||
| demonstrate unforeseen behavior when subjected to large-scale | demonstrate unforeseen behavior when subjected to large-scale | |||
| use in production environments. | use in production environments. | |||
| 2.3.3. Internet Standard | 2.3.3 Internet Standard | |||
| A specification for which significant implementation and | A specification for which significant implementation and | |||
| successful operational experience has been obtained may be | successful operational experience has been obtained may be | |||
| elevated to the Internet Standard level. An Internet Standard | elevated to the Internet Standard level. An Internet Standard | |||
| (which may simply be referred to as a Standard) is | (which may simply be referred to as a Standard) is | |||
| characterized by a high degree of technical maturity and by a | characterized by a high degree of technical maturity and by a | |||
| generally held belief that the specified protocol or service | generally held belief that the specified protocol or service | |||
| provides significant benefit to the Internet community. | provides significant benefit to the Internet community. | |||
| 2.4. Non-Standards Track Maturity Levels | 2.4 Non-Standards Track Maturity Levels | |||
| Not every TS or AS is on the standards track. A TS may not be | Not every TS or AS is on the standards track. A TS may not be | |||
| intended to be an Internet Standard, or it may be intended for | intended to be an Internet Standard, or it may be intended for | |||
| eventual standardization but not yet ready to enter the standards | eventual standardization but not yet ready to enter the standards | |||
| track. A TS or AS may have been superseded by more recent | track. A TS or AS may have been superseded by more recent | |||
| Internet Standards, or have otherwise fallen into disuse or | Internet Standards, or have otherwise fallen into disuse or | |||
| disfavor. | disfavor. | |||
| Specifications not on the standards track are labeled with one of | Specifications not on the standards track are labeled with one of | |||
| four off-track maturity levels: "Prototype, "Experimental", | | four off-track maturity levels: "Prototype, "Experimental", | |||
| "Informational", and "Historic". There are no time limits | | "Informational", and "Historic". There are no time limits | |||
| associated with these non-standard track labels, and the documents | | associated with these non-standard track labels, and the documents | |||
| bearing these labels are not standards in any sense. | bearing these labels are not Internet standards in any sense. | |||
| 2.4.1. Prototype | | 2.4.1 Prototype | |||
| The "Prototype" designation on a TS indicates a specification | | The "Prototype" designation on a TS indicates a specification | |||
| produced by a protocol engineering effort that is not | | for which the eventual destination may be the standards track, | |||
| sufficiently mature to enter the standards track. For example, | | but which is not at present sufficiently mature to enter the | |||
| a Prototype TS may specify behavior that is not completely | | standards track. For example, a Prototype TS may result in | |||
| understood, or it may have known technical omissions or | | behavior that is not completely understood, or it may have | |||
| architectural defects. It may undergo significant changes | | known technical omissions or architectural defects. It may | |||
| before entering the standards track, and it may be discarded in | | undergo significant changes before entering the standards | |||
| favor of another proposal. One use of the Prototype | | track, or it may be discarded in favor of another proposal. | |||
| designation is the dissemination of a specification as it | | One use of the Prototype designation is the dissemination of a | |||
| undergoes development and testing. | | specification as it undergoes development and testing. | |||
| A Prototype specification will generally be the output of an | | A Prototype specification will generally be the output of an | |||
| organized Internet engineering effort, for example a Working | | organized Internet engineering effort, for example a Working | |||
| Group of the IETF. An IETF Working Group should submit a | | Group of the IETF. An IETF Working Group should submit a | |||
| document that is intended for Prototype status to the IESG. | | document that is intended for Prototype status to the IESG. | |||
| The IESG will forward it to the RFC Editor for publication, | | The IESG will forward it to the RFC Editor for publication, | |||
| after verifying that there has been adequate coordination with | | after verifying that there has been adequate coordination with | |||
| the standards process. | | the standards process. | |||
| 2.4.2. Experimental | | 2.4.2 Experimental | |||
| The "Experimental" designation on a TS indicates a | | The "Experimental" designation on a TS typically indicates a | |||
| specification that is part of a research effort. Such a | | specification that is part of some research or development | |||
| specification is published for general information of the | | effort. Such a specification is published for the general | |||
| Internet technical community and as an archival record of the | | information of the Internet technical community and as an | |||
| work. An Experimental specification may be the output of an | | archival record of the work. An Experimental specification may | |||
| organized Internet research effort or it may be an individual | | be the output of an organized Internet research effort (e.g., a | |||
| contribution. | | Research Group of the IRTF), or it may be an individual | |||
| contribution. | ||||
| Documents intended for Experimental status should be submitted | | Documents intended for Experimental status should be submitted | |||
| directly to the RFC Editor for publication. The rules are | | directly to the RFC Editor for publication. The procedure is | |||
| intended to expedite the publication of any responsible | | intended to expedite the publication of any responsible | |||
| Experimental specification, subject only to editorial | | Experimental specification, subject only to editorial | |||
| considerations, and to a check that there has been adequate | | considerations, and to verification that there has been | |||
| coordination with the standards process. | adequate coordination with the standards process. | |||
| 2.4.3. Informational | 2.4.3 Informational | |||
| An "Informational" specification is published for the general | An "Informational" specification is published for the general | |||
| information of the Internet community, and does not represent | information of the Internet community, and does not represent | |||
| an Internet community consensus or recommendation. | an Internet community consensus or recommendation. The | |||
| procedure is intended to expedite the publication of any | ||||
| responsible informational document, subject only to editorial | ||||
| considerations and to verification that there has been adequate | ||||
| coordination with the standards process. | ||||
| Specifications that have been prepared outside of the Internet | Specifications that have been prepared outside of the Internet | |||
| community and are not incorporated into the Internet standards | community and are not incorporated into the Internet standards | |||
| process by any of the provisions of Section 4 may be published | process by any of the provisions of Section 4 may be published | |||
| as Informational RFCs, with the permission of the owner. | as Informational RFCs, with the permission of the owner. | |||
| 2.4.4. Historic | 2.4.4 Historic | |||
| A TS or AS that has been superseded by a more recent | A TS or AS that has been superseded by a more recent | |||
| specification or is for any other reason considered to be | specification or is for any other reason considered to be | |||
| obsolete is assigned to the "Historic" level. (Purists have | obsolete is assigned to the "Historic" level. (Purists have | |||
| suggested that the word should be "Historical"; however, at | suggested that the word should be "Historical"; however, at | |||
| this point the use of "Historic" is historical.) | this point the use of "Historic" is historical.) | |||
| 2.5. Requirement Levels | 2.5 Requirement Levels | |||
| An AS may apply one of the following "requirement levels" to each | An AS may apply one of the following "requirement levels" to each | |||
| of the TSs to which it refers: | of the TSs to which it refers: | |||
| (a) Required: Implementation of the referenced TS, as specified | (a) Required: Implementation of the referenced TS, as specified | |||
| by the AS, is required to achieve minimal conformance. For | by the AS, is required to achieve minimal conformance. For | |||
| example, IP and ICMP must be implemented by all Internet | example, IP and ICMP must be implemented by all Internet | |||
| systems using the TCP/IP Protocol Suite. | systems using the TCP/IP Protocol Suite. | |||
| (b) Recommended: Implementation of the referenced TS is not | (b) Recommended: Implementation of the referenced TS is not | |||
| skipping to change at page 14, line 23 ¶ | skipping to change at page 15, line 22 ¶ | |||
| in limited or unique circumstances. For example, the usage | in limited or unique circumstances. For example, the usage | |||
| of a protocol with the "Experimental" designation should | of a protocol with the "Experimental" designation should | |||
| generally be limited to those actively involved with the | generally be limited to those actively involved with the | |||
| experiment. | experiment. | |||
| (e) Not Recommended: A TS that is considered to be inappropriate | (e) Not Recommended: A TS that is considered to be inappropriate | |||
| for general use is labeled "Not Recommended". This may be | for general use is labeled "Not Recommended". This may be | |||
| because of its limited functionality, specialized nature, or | because of its limited functionality, specialized nature, or | |||
| historic status. | historic status. | |||
| The "IAB Official Protocol Standards" RFC lists a general | The "Official Protocol Standards" RFC lists a general requirement | |||
| requirement level for each TS, using the nomenclature defined in | level for each TS, using the nomenclature defined in this section. | |||
| this section. In many cases, more detailed descriptions of the | In many cases, more detailed descriptions of the requirement | |||
| requirement levels of particular protocols and of individual | levels of particular protocols and of individual features of the | |||
| features of the protocols will be found in appropriate ASs. | protocols will be found in appropriate ASs. | |||
| 3. THE INTERNET STANDARDS PROCESS | 3. THE INTERNET STANDARDS PROCESS | |||
| 3.1. Review and Approval | 3.1 Review and Approval | |||
| A "standards action" -- entering a particular specification into, | A "standards action" -- entering a particular specification into, | |||
| or advancing it within, or removing it from, the standards track | advancing it within, or removing it from, the standards track -- | |||
| -- must be approved by the IAB following recommendation by the | must be approved by the IESG. | |||
| IESG. | ||||
| 3.1.1. Initiation of Action | 3.1.1 Initiation of Action | |||
| Typically, a standards action is initiated by a recommendation | Typically, a standards action is initiated by a recommendation | |||
| to the appropriate IETF Area Director by the individual or | to the appropriate IETF Area Director by the individual or | |||
| group that is responsible for the specification, usually an | group that is responsible for the specification, usually an | |||
| IETF Working Group. | IETF Working Group. | |||
| After completion to the satisfaction of its author and the | After completion to the satisfaction of its author and the | |||
| cognizant Working Group, a document that is expected to enter | cognizant Working Group, a document that is expected to enter | |||
| or advance in the Internet standardization process shall be | or advance in the Internet standardization process shall be | |||
| made available as an Internet Draft. It shall remain as an | made available as an Internet Draft. It shall remain as an | |||
| Internet Draft for a period of time that permits useful | Internet Draft for a period of time that permits useful | |||
| community review, at least two weeks, before submission to the | community review, at least two weeks, before submission to the | |||
| IESG with a recommendation for action. | IESG with a recommendation for action. | |||
| 3.1.2. IESG Review | 3.1.2 IESG Review and Approval | |||
| The IESG shall determine if an independent technical review of | ||||
| the specification is required, and shall commission one if | ||||
| necessary. This may require creating a new Working Group, or | ||||
| there may be an agreement by an existing group to take | ||||
| responsibility for reviewing the specification. When a | ||||
| specification is sufficiently important in terms of its | ||||
| potential impact on the Internet or on the suite of Internet | ||||
| protocols, the IESG shall form an independent technical review | ||||
| and analysis committee to prepare an evaluation of the | ||||
| specification. Such a committee is commissioned to provide an | ||||
| objective basis for agreement within the Internet community | ||||
| that the specification is ready for advancement. | ||||
| Furthermore, when the criteria for advancement along the | ||||
| standards track for an important class of specifications (e.g., | ||||
| routing protocols [6]) are not universally recognized, the IESG | ||||
| shall commission the development and publication of category- | ||||
| specific acceptance criteria. | ||||
| The IESG shall determine whether a specification satisfies the | The IESG shall determine whether a specification satisfies the | |||
| applicable criteria for the recommended action (see Sections | applicable criteria for the recommended action (see Sections | |||
| 3.2 and 3.3 of this document) and shall communicate its | 3.2 and 3.3 of this document). | |||
| findings to the IETF to permit a final review by the general | ||||
| Internet community. This "last-call" notification shall be via | | ||||
| electronic mail to the IETF mailing list. In addition, for | | ||||
| important specifications there shall be a presentation or | | ||||
| statement by the appropriate working group or Area Director | | ||||
| during an IETF plenary meeting. Any significant issues that | ||||
| have not been resolved satisfactorily during the development of | ||||
| the specification may be raised at this time for final | ||||
| resolution by the IESG. | ||||
| In a timely fashion, but no less than two weeks after issuance | | ||||
| of the last-call notification to the IETF mailing list, the | | ||||
| IESG shall communicate to the IAB its final recommendation via | | ||||
| email, with a copy to the IETF mailing list. This notification | | ||||
| shall include a citation to the most current version of the | | ||||
| document, and a clear statement of any relationship or | | ||||
| anticipated impact of this action on other Internet standards- | | ||||
| track specifications or non-Internet standards. | ||||
| 3.1.3. IAB Review | The IESG shall determine if an independent technical review of | |||
| the specification is required, and shall commission one when | ||||
| necessary. This may require creating a new Working Group, or | ||||
| an existing group may agree to take responsibility for | ||||
| reviewing the specification. When a specification is | ||||
| sufficiently important in terms of its potential impact on the | ||||
| Internet or on the suite of Internet protocols, the IESG shall | ||||
| form an independent technical review and analysis committee to | ||||
| prepare an evaluation of the specification. Such a committee | ||||
| is commissioned to provide an objective basis for agreement | ||||
| within the Internet community that the specification is ready | ||||
| for advancement. | ||||
| The IAB shall review the IESG recommendation in a timely | The IESG shall communicate its findings to the IETF to permit a | |||
| manner. If the IAB finds a significant problem or needs | final review by the general Internet community. This "last- | |||
| clarification on a particular point, it shall resolve the | call" notification shall be via electronic mail to the IETF | |||
| matter with the Working Group and its chairperson and/or the | mailing list. In addition, for important specifications there | |||
| document author, with the assistance and concurrence of the | shall be a presentation or statement by the appropriate Working | |||
| IESG and the relevant IETF Area Director. | Group or Area Director during an IETF plenary meeting. Any | |||
| significant issues that have not been resolved satisfactorily | ||||
| during the development of the specification may be raised at | ||||
| this time for final resolution by the IESG. | ||||
| The IAB shall notify the IETF mailing list of IAB approval or | | In a timely fashion, but no sooner than two weeks after issuing | |||
| other action that results. | the last-call notification to the IETF mailing list, the IESG | |||
| shall make its final determination on whether or not to approve | ||||
| the standards action, and shall notify the IETF of its decision | ||||
| via email. | ||||
| 3.1.4. Publication | 3.1.3 Publication | |||
| Following IAB approval and any necessary editorial work, the | Following IESG approval and any necessary editorial work, the | |||
| RFC Editor shall publish the specification as an RFC. The | RFC Editor shall publish the specification as an RFC. The | |||
| specification shall then be removed from the Internet Drafts | specification shall then be removed from the Internet Drafts | |||
| directory. | directory. | |||
| An official summary of standards actions completed and pending | | An official summary of standards actions completed and pending | |||
| shall appear in each issue of the Internet Society Newsletter. | | shall appear in each issue of the Internet Society Newsletter. | |||
| This shall constitute the Journal of Record of Internet | | This shall constitute the Journal of Record for Internet | |||
| standards actions. In addition, the IAB shall publish a | | standards actions. In addition, the IESG shall publish a | |||
| monthly summary of standards actions completed and pending in | | monthly summary of standards actions completed and pending in | |||
| the Internet Monthly Report, distributed to all members of the | | the Internet Monthly Report, which is distributed to all | |||
| IETF mailing list. | members of the IETF mailing list. | |||
| 3.2. Entering the Standards Track | Finally, the IAB shall publish quarterly an "Official Protocol | |||
| Standards" RFC, summarizing the status of all Internet protocol | ||||
| and service specifications, both within and outside the | ||||
| standards track. | ||||
| 3.2 Entering the Standards Track | ||||
| A specification that is potentially an Internet Standard may | A specification that is potentially an Internet Standard may | |||
| originate from: | originate from: | |||
| (a) an IAB-sponsored effort (typically an IETF Working Group), | (a) an ISOC-sponsored effort (typically an IETF Working Group), | |||
| (b) independent activity by individuals, or | (b) independent activity by individuals, or | |||
| (c) an external organization. | (c) an external organization. | |||
| Here (a) represents the great majority of cases. In cases (b) and | Here (a) represents the great majority of cases. In cases (b) and | |||
| (c), the work might be tightly integrated with the work of an | (c), the work might be tightly integrated with the work of an | |||
| existing IETF Working Group, or it might be offered for | existing IETF Working Group, or it might be offered for | |||
| standardization without prior IETF involvement. In most cases, a | standardization without prior IETF involvement. In most cases, a | |||
| specification resulting from an effort that took place outside of | specification resulting from an effort that took place outside of | |||
| an IETF Working Group context will be submitted to an appropriate | an IETF Working Group will be submitted to an appropriate Working | |||
| Working Group for evaluation and refinement. If necessary, an | Group for evaluation and refinement. If necessary, an appropriate | |||
| appropriate Working Group will be created. | Working Group will be created. | |||
| For externally-developed specifications that are well-integrated | For externally-developed specifications that are well-integrated | |||
| with existing Working Group efforts, a Working Group is assumed to | with existing Working Group efforts, a Working Group is assumed to | |||
| afford adequate community review of the accuracy and applicability | afford adequate community review of the accuracy and applicability | |||
| of the specification. If a Working Group is unable to resolve all | of the specification. If a Working Group is unable to resolve all | |||
| technical and usage questions, additional independent review may | technical and usage questions, additional independent review may | |||
| be necessary. Such reviews may be done within a Working Group | be necessary. Such reviews may be done within a Working Group | |||
| context, or by an ad hoc review committee established specifically | context, or by an ad hoc review committee established specifically | |||
| for that purpose. It is the responsibility of the appropriate | for that purpose. It is the responsibility of the appropriate | |||
| IETF Area Director to determine what, if any, review of an | IETF Area Director to determine what, if any, review of an | |||
| external specification is needed and how it shall be conducted. | external specification is needed and how it shall be conducted. | |||
| 3.3. Advancing in the Standards Track | 3.3 Advancing in the Standards Track | |||
| A specification shall remain at the Proposed Standard level for at | A specification shall remain at the Proposed Standard level for at | |||
| least six (6) months and at the Draft Standard level for at least | least six (6) months. | |||
| four (4) months, to ensure adequate time for community review. | | ||||
| These intervals shall be measured from the date of publication of | | ||||
| the resulting RFC(s), or, if the action does not result in RFC | | ||||
| publication, the date of IAB approval of the action. | | ||||
| A review of the viability of a standardization effort will be | | A specification shall remain at the Draft Standard level for at | |||
| conducted by the IESG and IAB when a standards-track specification | | least four (4) months, or until at least one IETF meeting has | |||
| has remained at the same status level for twenty-four (24) months, | | occurred, whichever comes later. | |||
| and every twelve (12) months thereafter until the status is | | ||||
| changed. The IESG shall recommend, and the IAB approve, | | These minimum periods are intended to ensure adequate opportunity | |||
| termination or continuation of the development, with the | | for community review without severely impacting timeliness. These | |||
| appropriate change of status. Such a recommendation shall be | | intervals shall be measured from the date of publication of the | |||
| communicated to the IETF via electronic mail to the IETF mailing | | corresponding RFC(s), or, if the action does not result in RFC | |||
| list, to allow the Internet community an opportunity to comment. | | publication, the date of IESG approval of the action. | |||
| This provision is not intended to threaten a legitimate and active | | ||||
| Working Group effort, but rather to provide an administrative | | When a standards-track specification has not reached the Internet | |||
| Standard level but has remained at the same status level for | ||||
| twenty-four (24) months, and every twelve (12) months thereafter | ||||
| until the status is changed, the IESG shall review the viability | ||||
| of the standardization effort responsible for that specification. | ||||
| Following each such review, the IESG shall approve termination or | ||||
| continuation of the development. This decision shall be | ||||
| communicated to the IETF via electronic mail to the IETF mailing | ||||
| list, to allow the Internet community an opportunity to comment. | ||||
| This provision is not intended to threaten a legitimate and active | ||||
| Working Group effort, but rather to provide an administrative | ||||
| mechanism for terminating a moribund effort. | mechanism for terminating a moribund effort. | |||
| A specification may be (indeed, is likely to be) revised as it | A specification may be (indeed, is likely to be) revised as it | |||
| advances through the standards track. At each stage, the IESG | advances through the standards track. At each stage, the IESG | |||
| shall determine the scope and significance of the revision to the | shall determine the scope and significance of the revision to the | |||
| specification, and, if necessary and appropriate, modify the | specification, and, if necessary and appropriate, modify the | |||
| recommended action. Minor revisions are expected, but a | recommended action. Minor revisions are expected, but a | |||
| significant revision may require that the specification accumulate | significant revision may require that the specification accumulate | |||
| more experience at its current maturity level before progressing. | more experience at its current maturity level before progressing. | |||
| Finally, if the specification has been changed very significantly, | Finally, if the specification has been changed very significantly, | |||
| the IESG may recommend that the revision be treated as a new | the IESG may recommend that the revision be treated as a new | |||
| document, re-entering the standards track at the beginning. | document, re-entering the standards track at the beginning. | |||
| Change of status shall result in republication of the | | Change of status shall result in republication of the | |||
| specification as an RFC, except in the rare case that there have | | specification as an RFC, except in the rare case that there have | |||
| been no changes at all in the specification since the last | | been no changes at all in the specification since the last | |||
| publication. Generally, desired changes will be "batched" for | | publication. Generally, desired changes will be "batched" for | |||
| incorporation at the next level in the standards track. However, | | incorporation at the next level in the standards track. However, | |||
| deferral of changes to the next standards action on the | | deferral of changes to the next standards action on the | |||
| specification will not always be possible or desirable; for | | specification will not always be possible or desirable; for | |||
| example, an important typographic error, or a technical error that | | example, an important typographical error, or a technical error | |||
| does not represent a change in overall function of the | | that does not represent a change in overall function of the | |||
| specification, may need to be corrected immediately. In such | | specification, may need to be corrected immediately. In such | |||
| cases, the IESG or RFC Editor may be asked to republish the RFC | | cases, the IESG or RFC Editor may be asked to republish the RFC | |||
| with corrections, and this will not reset the minimum time-at- | | with corrections, and this will not reset the minimum time-at- | |||
| level clock. | level clock. | |||
| 3.4. Revising a Standard | 3.4 Revising a Standard | |||
| A new version of an established Internet Standard must progress | | A new version of an established Internet Standard must progress | |||
| through the full Internet standardization process as if it were a | | through the full Internet standardization process as if it were a | |||
| completely new specification. Once the new version has reached | | completely new specification. Once the new version has reached | |||
| the Standard level, it will usually replace the previous version, | | the Standard level, it will usually replace the previous version, | |||
| which will move to the Historic status. However, in some cases | which will move to Historic status. However, in some cases both | |||
| both versions may remain as Internet Standards, to honor the | versions may remain as Internet Standards, to honor the | |||
| requirements of an installed base. In this sitution, the | requirements of an installed base. In this situation, the | |||
| relationship between the previous and the new versions must be | relationship between the previous and the new versions must be | |||
| explicitly stated in the text of the new version or in another | explicitly stated in the text of the new version or in another | |||
| appropriate document (e.g., an Applicability Statement; see | appropriate document (e.g., an Applicability Statement; see | |||
| Section 2.2.2). | Section 2.2.2). | |||
| 3.5. Retiring a Standard | | 3.5 Retiring a Standard | |||
| As the technology changes and matures, it is possible for a new | | As the technology changes and matures, it is possible for a new | |||
| Standard specification to be so clearly superior technically that | | Standard specification to be so clearly superior technically that | |||
| one or more existing Internet Standards for the same function | | one or more existing Internet Standards for the same function | |||
| should be retired. In this case, the IESG shall recommend and the | | should be retired. In this case, the IESG shall approve a change | |||
| IAB approve a change of status of the superseded specification(s) | | of status of the superseded specification(s) from Standard to | |||
| from Standard to Historic. This recommendation shall be issued | | Historic. This recommendation shall be issued with the same | |||
| with the same Last-Call and notification procedures used for any | | Last-Call and notification procedures used for any other standards | |||
| other standards action. | action. | |||
| 3.6 Conflict Resolution and Appeals | ||||
| IETF Working Groups are generally able to reach consensus, which | ||||
| sometimes requires difficult compromises between differing | ||||
| technical solutions. However, there are times when even | ||||
| reasonable and knowledgeable people are unable to agree. To | ||||
| achieve the goals of openness and fairness, such conflicts must be | ||||
| resolved with a process of open review and discussion. | ||||
| Participants in a Working Group may disagree with Working Group | ||||
| decisions, based either upon the belief that their own views are | ||||
| not being adequately considered or the belief that the Working | ||||
| Group made a technical choice which essentially will not work. | ||||
| The first issue is a difficulty with Working Group process, and | ||||
| the latter is an assertion of technical error. These two kinds of | ||||
| disagreements may have different kinds of final outcome, but the | ||||
| resolution process is the same for both cases. | ||||
| Working Group participants always should first attempt to discuss | ||||
| their concerns with the Working Group chair. If this proves | ||||
| unsatisfactory, they should raise their concerns with an IESG Area | ||||
| Director or other IESG member. In most cases, issues raised to | ||||
| the level of the IESG will receive consideration by the entire | ||||
| IESG, with the relevant Area Director or the IETF Chair being | ||||
| tasked with communicating results of the discussion. | ||||
| For the general community as well as Working Group participants | ||||
| seeking a larger audience for their concerns, there are two | ||||
| opportunities for explicit comment. (1) When appropriate, a | ||||
| specification that is being suggested for advancement along the | ||||
| standards track will be presented during an IETF plenary. At that | ||||
| time, IETF participants may choose to raise issues with the | ||||
| plenary or to pursue their issues privately, with any of the | ||||
| relevant IETF/IESG management personnel. (2) Specifications that | ||||
| are to be considered by the IESG are publicly announced to the | ||||
| IETF mailing list, with a request for comments. | ||||
| Finally, if a problem persists, the IAB may be asked to adjudicate | ||||
| the dispute. | ||||
| * If a concern involves questions of adequate Working Group | ||||
| discussion, the IAB will attempt to determine the actual | ||||
| nature and extent of discussion that took place within the | ||||
| Working Group, based upon the Working Group's written record | ||||
| and upon comments of other Working Group participants. | ||||
| * If a concern involves questions of technical adequacy, the | ||||
| IAB may convene an appropriate review panel, which may then | ||||
| recommend that the IESG and Working Group re-consider an | ||||
| alternate technical choice. | ||||
| * If a concern involves a reasonable difference in technical | ||||
| approach, but does not substantiate a claim that the Working | ||||
| Group decision will fail to perform adequately, the Working | ||||
| Group participant may wish to pursue formation of a separate | ||||
| Working Group. The IESG and IAB encourage alternative points | ||||
| of view and the development of technical options, allowing | ||||
| the general Internet community to show preference by making | ||||
| its own choices, rather than by having legislated decisions. | ||||
| 4. EXTERNAL STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS | 4. EXTERNAL STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS | |||
| Many de facto and de jure standards groups other than the IAB/IETF | Many standards groups other than the IETF create and publish | |||
| create and publish standards documents for network protocols and | standards documents for network protocols and services. When these | |||
| services. When these external specifications play an important role | external specifications play an important role in the Internet, it is | |||
| in the Internet, it is desirable to reach common agreements on their | desirable to reach common agreements on their usage -- i.e., to | |||
| usage -- i.e., to establish Internet Standards relating to these | establish Internet Standards relating to these external | |||
| external specifications. | specifications. | |||
| There are two categories of external specifications: | There are two categories of external specifications: | |||
| (1) Open Standards | (1) Open Standards | |||
| Accredited national and international standards bodies, such as | Accredited national and international standards bodies, such as | |||
| ANSI, ISO, IEEE, and CCITT, develop a variety of protocol and | ANSI, ISO, IEEE, and ITU-TS, develop a variety of protocol and | |||
| service specifications that are similar to Technical | service specifications that are similar to Technical | |||
| Specifications (see glossary in Appendix A). These | Specifications defind here. National and international groups | |||
| specifications are generally de jure standards. Similarly, | also publish "implementors' agreements" that are analogous to | |||
| national and international groups publish "implementors' | Applicability Statements, capturing a body of implementation- | |||
| agreements" that are analogous to Applicability Statements, | specific detail concerned with the practical application of | |||
| capturing a body of implementation-specific detail concerned | their standards. | |||
| with the practical application of their standards. | ||||
| (2) Vendor Specifications | (2) Vendor Specifications | |||
| A vendor-proprietary specification that has come to be widely | A vendor-proprietary specification that has come to be widely | |||
| used in the Internet may be treated by the Internet community as | used in the Internet may be treated by the Internet community as | |||
| a de facto "standard". Such a specification is not generally | if it were a "standard". Such a specification is not generally | |||
| developed in an open fashion, is typically proprietary, and is | developed in an open fashion, is typically proprietary, and is | |||
| controlled by the vendor or vendors that produced it. | controlled by the vendor or vendors that produced it. | |||
| To avoid conflict between competing versions of a specification, the | To avoid conflict between competing versions of a specification, the | |||
| Internet community will not standardize a TS or AS that is simply an | Internet community will not standardize a TS or AS that is simply an | |||
| "Internet version" of an existing external specification, unless an | "Internet version" of an existing external specification, unless an | |||
| explicit cooperative arrangement to do so has been made. However, | explicit cooperative arrangement to do so has been made. However, | |||
| there are several ways in which an external specification that is | there are several ways in which an external specification that is | |||
| important for the operation and/or evolution of the Internet may be | important for the operation and/or evolution of the Internet may be | |||
| adopted for Internet use. | adopted for Internet use. | |||
| (a) Incorporation of an Open Standard | (a) Incorporation of an Open Standard | |||
| An Internet Standard TS or AS may incorporate an open external | An Internet Standard TS or AS may incorporate an open external | |||
| standard by reference. The reference must be to a specific | standard by reference. The reference must be to a specific | |||
| version of the external standard, e.g., by publication date or | version of the external standard, e.g., by publication date or | |||
| by edition number, according to the prevailing convention of the | by edition number, according to the prevailing convention of the | |||
| organization that is responsible for the specification. | organization that is responsible for the specification. | |||
| For example, many Internet Standards incorporate by reference | For example, many Internet Standards incorporate by reference | |||
| the ANSI standard character set "ASCII" [7]. | the ANSI standard character set "ASCII" [2]. Whenever possible, | |||
| the referenced specification shall be made available online. | ||||
| (b) Incorporation of a Vendor Specification | (b) Incorporation of a Vendor Specification | |||
| Vendor-proprietary specifications may also be incorporated, by | Vendor-proprietary specifications may be incorporated by | |||
| reference to a specific version of the vendor standard. If the | reference to a specific version of the vendor standard. If the | |||
| vendor-proprietary specification is not widely and readily | vendor-proprietary specification is not widely and readily | |||
| available, the IAB may request that it be published as an | available, the IESG may request that it be published as an | |||
| Informational RFC. | | Informational RFC. | |||
| For a vendor-proprietary specification to be incorporated within | | For a vendor-proprietary specification to be incorporated within | |||
| the Internet standards process, the proprietor must follow the | | the Internet standards process, the proprietor must meet the | |||
| requirements of section 5 below. | | requirements of section 5 below, and in general the | |||
| specification shall be made available online. | ||||
| The IAB/IETF will generally not favor a particular vendor's | The IESG shall not favor a particular vendor's proprietary | |||
| proprietary specification over the technically equivalent and | specification over the technically equivalent and competing | |||
| competing specifications of other vendors by making it | specifications of other vendors by making it "required" or | |||
| "required" or "recommended". | "recommended". | |||
| (c) Assumption | | (c) Assumption | |||
| An IETF Working Group may start from an external specification | | An IETF Working Group may start from an external specification | |||
| and develop it into an Internet TS or AS, if the specification | | and develop it into an Internet TS or AS, if the specification | |||
| is provided to the Working Group in compliance with the | | is provided to the Working Group in compliance with the | |||
| requirements of section 5 below. Continued participation in the | | requirements of section 5 below, and if change control must have | |||
| IETF work by the original owner is likely to be valuable, and it | | been conveyed to IETf by the original developer of the | |||
| is encouraged. | specification. Continued participation in the IETF work by the | |||
| original owner is likely to be valuable, and it is encouraged. | ||||
| 5. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS | | The following sample text illustrates how a vendor might convey | |||
| change control to the Internet Society, per (c): | ||||
| In all matters of intellectual property rights, Internet's intention | | "XXXX Organization asserts that it has the right to transfer to | |||
| is to benefit the Internet community and the public at large, while | | the Internet Society responsibility for further evolution of the | |||
| respecting the known, legitimate rights of others. | | YYYY protocol documented in References (1-n) below. XXXX | |||
| Organization hereby transfers to the Internet Society | ||||
| responsibilty for all future modification and development of the | ||||
| YYYY protocol, without reservation or condition." | ||||
| In this section: | | 5. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS | |||
| o "applicable patents" or "applicable pending patents" means | | [This section is current under review by ISOC counsel, and is not | |||
| purportedly valid patents or patent applications that | | final.] | |||
| purportedly apply to technology required to practice an Internet | | ||||
| standard. | | ||||
| o "Trade secrets" means confidential, proprietary information. | | In all matters of intellectual property rights, the intention is to | |||
| benefit the Internet community and the public at large, while | ||||
| respecting the known, legitimate rights of others. | ||||
| o "ISOC" includes the Internet Society, its directors, officers, | | In this section: | |||
| employees, contractors, and agents, IAB, IETF, IESG, and | | ||||
| Internet working groups and committees. | | ||||
| o "Standards work" includes the creation, development, testing, | | o "applicable patents" or "applicable pending patents" means | |||
| revision, adoption, or maintenance of an Internet standard. | | purportedly valid patents or patent applications that | |||
| purportedly apply to technology required to practice an Internet | ||||
| standard. | ||||
| o "Standards documents" include specifications, RFCs, and | | o "Trade secrets" means confidential, proprietary information. | |||
| proposed, draft, and adopted standards. | | ||||
| o "Internet community" means the entire set of people using the | | o "ISOC" includes the Internet Society, its trustees, officers, | |||
| Internet standards, directly or indirectly. | | employees, contractors, and agents, IAB, IETF, IESG, IRTF, IRSG, | |||
| and Internet Working Groups, Research Groups, and committees. | ||||
| 5.1. Trade Secret Rights | | o "Standards work" includes the creation, development, testing, | |||
| revision, adoption, or maintenance of an Internet standard. | ||||
| ISOC will not accept, in connection with its standards work, any | | o "Standards documents" include specifications, RFCs, and | |||
| technology or information subject to any commitment, | | Proposed, Draft, and Internet Standards. | |||
| understanding, or agreement to keep it confidential or otherwise | | ||||
| restrict its use or dissemination. | | ||||
| 5.2. Patent Rights | | o "Internet community" means the entire set of people using the | |||
| Internet standards, directly or indirectly. | ||||
| (A) ISOC will not propose, adopt, or continue to maintain any | | 5.1 Trade Secret Rights | |||
| standard which can only be practiced using technology that is | | ||||
| subject to known applicable patents or patent applications, | | ||||
| except with prior written assurance that: | | ||||
| 1. ISOC may, without cost, freely use the technology in its | | ISOC will not accept, in connection with its standards work, any | |||
| standards work, and | | technology or information subject to any commitment, | |||
| understanding, or agreement to keep it confidential or otherwise | ||||
| restrict its use or dissemination. | ||||
| 2. upon adoption and during maintenance of a standard, any | | 5.2 Patent Rights | |||
| party will be able to obtain the right to use the | | ||||
| technology under specified, reasonable, non- | | ||||
| discriminatory terms. | | ||||
| 3. the party giving the assurance has the right and power | | (A) ISOC will not propose, adopt, or continue to maintain any | |||
| to grant the licenses and knows of no other applicable | | standard which can only be practiced using technology that is | |||
| patents or patent applications or other intellectual | | subject to known applicable patents or patent applications, | |||
| property rights that may prevent ISOC and users of | | except with prior written assurance that: | |||
| Internet from practicing the standard. | | ||||
| When the written assurance has been obtained, the standards | | 1. ISOC may, without cost, freely use the technology in its | |||
| documents shall include the following notice: | | standards work, and | |||
| "__________(name of patent owner) has provided written | | 2. upon adoption and during maintenance of a standard, any | |||
| assurance to the Internet Society that any party will be able | | party will be able to obtain the right to use the | |||
| to obtain, under reasonable, nondiscriminatory terms, the | | technology under specified, reasonable, non- | |||
| right to use the technology covered by__________(list patents | | discriminatory terms. | |||
| and patent applications) to practice the standard. A copy of | | ||||
| the assurance may be obtained from ________. The Internet | | ||||
| Society takes no position on the validity or scope of the | | ||||
| patents and patent applications, nor on the appropriateness | | ||||
| of the terms of the assurance. The Internet Society makes no | | ||||
| representation there are no other intellectual property | | ||||
| rights which apply to practicing this standard, or that it | | ||||
| has made any effort to identify any such intellectual | | ||||
| property rights." | | ||||
| (B) ISOC encourages all interested parties to bring to its | | 3. the party giving the assurance has the right and power | |||
| attention, at the earliest possible time, the existence of | | to grant the licenses and knows of no other applicable | |||
| any applicable patents or patent applications. For this | | patents or patent applications or other intellectual | |||
| purpose, each standards document will include the following | | property rights that may prevent ISOC and users of | |||
| invitation: | | Internet standards from practicing the standard. | |||
| "The Internet Society invites any interested party to | | When such written assurance has been obtained, the standards | |||
| bring to its attention any patents or patent applications | | documents shall include the following notice: | |||
| which purport to cover technology that may be required to | | ||||
| practice this standard. Address the information to | | ||||
| __________." | | ||||
| When applicable, the following sentence will be included in | | "__________(name of patent owner) has provided written | |||
| the notice: | | assurance to the Internet Society that any party will be | |||
| able to obtain, under reasonable, nondiscriminatory | ||||
| terms, the right to use the technology covered | ||||
| by__________(list patents and patent applications) to | ||||
| practice the standard. A copy of the assurance may be | ||||
| obtained from ________. The Internet Society takes no | ||||
| position on the validity or scope of the patents and | ||||
| patent applications, nor on the appropriateness of the | ||||
| terms of the assurance. The Internet Society makes no | ||||
| representation there are no other intellectual property | ||||
| rights which apply to practicing this standard, nor that | ||||
| it has made any effort to identify any such intellectual | ||||
| property rights." | ||||
| "As of __________, no information about any applicable patents| | (B) ISOC encourages all interested parties to bring to its | |||
| or patent applications has been received." | | attention, at the earliest possible time, the existence of | |||
| any applicable patents or patent applications. For this | ||||
| purpose, each standards document will include the following | ||||
| invitation: | ||||
| (C) ISOC disclaims any responsibility to identify the existence | | "The Internet Society invites any interested party to | |||
| of or to evaluate applicable patents or patent applications | | bring to its attention any patents or patent applications | |||
| on behalf of or for the benefit of any member of the Internet | | which purport to cover technology that may be required to | |||
| community. | | practice this standard. Address the information to | |||
| the Executive Director of the Internet Society." | ||||
| (D) ISOC takes no position on the validity or scope of any | | When applicable, the following sentence will be included in | |||
| applicable patent or patent application. | | the notice: | |||
| (E) ISOC will take no position on the ownership of inventions | | "As of __________, no information about any applicable patents | |||
| made during standards work, except for inventions of which an | | or patent applications has been received." | |||
| employee or agent of the Internet Society is a joint | | ||||
| inventor. In the latter case, the Internet Society will make | | ||||
| its rights available to anyone in the Internet community on a | | ||||
| royalty-free basis. | | ||||
| 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND REFERENCES | (C) ISOC disclaims any responsibility for identifying the | |||
| existence of or for evaluating applicable patents or patent | ||||
| applications on behalf of or for the benefit of any member of | ||||
| the Internet community. | ||||
| This document represents the combined output of the Internet | (D) ISOC takes no position on the validity or scope of any | |||
| Architecture Board and the Internet Engineering Steering Group, the | applicable patent or patent application. | |||
| groups charged with managing the processes described in this document. | ||||
| Major contributions to the text were made by Bob Braden, Vint Cerf, | ||||
| Lyman Chapin, Dave Crocker, Barry Leiner, and Patrice Lyons. It | ||||
| incorporates a number of useful suggestions made by IETF members. | ||||
| [1] Cerf, V., "The Internet Activities Board", RFC 1160, IAB, May | (E) ISOC will take no position on the ownership of inventions | |||
| 1990. | made during standards work, except for inventions of which an | |||
| employee or agent of the Internet Society is a joint | ||||
| inventor. In the latter case, the Internet Society will make | ||||
| its rights available to anyone in the Internet community on a | ||||
| royalty-free basis. | ||||
| [2] Postel, J., "IAB Official Protocol Standards", RFC 1280, IAB, | [The following sections are to be written.] | |||
| March 1992. | ||||
| [3] Braden, R., Editor, "Requirements for Internet Hosts -- | 5.3 Copyright | |||
| Communication Layers", RFC 1122, IETF, October 1989. | 5.4 Notices And Agreements | |||
| [4] Braden, R., Editor, "Requirements for Internet Hosts -- | 5.4.1 Notices to appear in Standards Documents | |||
| Application and Support", RFC 1123, IETF, October 1989. | ||||
| [5] Almquist, P., Editor, "Requirements for IP Routers", in | 5.4.2 Confirmation of implied Licenses | |||
| preparation. | ||||
| [6] Hinden, R., "Internet Engineering Task Force Internet Routing | 5.4.3 Text | |||
| Protocol Standardization Criteria", RFC 1264, BBN, October 1991. | ||||
| [7] ANSI, Coded Character Set -- 7-Bit American Standard Code for | 6. REFERENCES | |||
| Information Interchange, ANSI X3.4-1986. | ||||
| [8] Reynolds, J., and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", RFC 1060, ISI, | [1] Postel, J., "IAB Official Protocol Standards", RFC 1410, IAB, | |||
| March 1990. | March 1993. | |||
| [9] Postel, J., "Introduction to the STD Notes", RFC 1311, ISI, | [2] ANSI, Coded Character Set -- 7-Bit American Standard Code for | |||
| March 1992. | Information Interchange, ANSI X3.4-1986. | |||
| [10] Postel, J., "How to Write an RFC", RFC 1???, ISI, ????, 199?. | [3] Reynolds, J., and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", RFC 1340, ISI, | |||
| July 1992. | ||||
| APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY | [4] Postel, J., "Introduction to the STD Notes", RFC 1311, ISI, | |||
| March 1992. | ||||
| ANSI: American National Standards Institute | [5] Postel, J., "Request for Comments on Request for Comments", RFC | |||
| 1111, August 1989. | ||||
| CCITT: Consultative Committee for International Telephone and | APPENDIX A: GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS | |||
| Telegraphy. | ||||
| A part of the UN Treaty Organization: the International | ANSI: American National Standards Institute | |||
| Telecommunications Union (ITU). | ARPA: (U.S.) Advanced Research Projects Agency | |||
| AS: Applicability Statement | ||||
| ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange | ||||
| ITU-TS: Telecommunications Standardization sector of the International | ||||
| Telecommunications Union (ITU), a UN treaty organization; | ||||
| ITU-TS was formerly called CCITT. | ||||
| IAB: Internet Architecture Board | ||||
| IANA: Internet Assigned Number Authority | ||||
| IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers | ||||
| ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol | ||||
| IESG: Internet Engineering Steering Group | ||||
| IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force | ||||
| IP: Internet Protocol | ||||
| IRTF: Internet Research Task Force | ||||
| ISO: International Organization for Standardization | ||||
| ISOC: Internet Society | ||||
| MIB: Management Information Base | ||||
| OSI: Open Systems Interconnection | ||||
| RFC: Request for Comments | ||||
| TCP: Transmission Control Protocol | ||||
| TS: Technical Specification | ||||
| DARPA: (U.S.) Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency | APPENDIX B: CONTACT POINTS | |||
| ISO: International Organization for Standardization | To contact the RFC Editor, send an email message to: "rfc- | |||
| editor@isi.edu". | ||||
| APPENDIX B: CONTACT POINTS | | To contact the IANA for information or to request a number, keyword | |||
| or parameter assignment send an email message to: "iana@isi.edu". | ||||
| To contact the RFC Editor, send an email message to "rfc- | | To contact the IESG, send an email message to: "iesg@isi.edu". | |||
| editor@isi.edu". | | ||||
| To contact the IANA for information or to request a number, keyword | | To contact the IAB, send an email message to: "iab-contact@isi.edu" | |||
| or parameter assignment send an email message to "iana@isi.edu". | | ||||
| To contact the IESG, send an email message to "iesg@isi.edu". | | To contact the Executive Director of the ISOC, send an email message | |||
| to Executive-Director@isoc.org". | ||||
| To contact the IAB, send an email message to "iab-contact@isi.edu" | APPENDIX C: FUTURE ISSUES | |||
| It has been suggested that additional procedures in the following | ||||
| areas should be considered. | ||||
| o Policy Recommendations and Operational Guidelines | ||||
| Internet standards have generally been concerned with the | ||||
| technical specifications for hardware and software required for | ||||
| computer communication across interconnected networks. The | ||||
| Internet itself is composed of networks operated by a great | ||||
| variety of organizations, with diverse goals and rules. | ||||
| However, good user service requires that the operators and | ||||
| administrators of the Internet follow some common guidelines for | ||||
| policies and operations. While these guidelines are generally | ||||
| different in scope and style from protocol standards, their | ||||
| establishment needs a similar process for consensus building. | ||||
| Specific rules for establishing policy recommendations and | ||||
| operational guidelines for the Internet in an open and fair | ||||
| fashion should be developed, published, and adopted by the | ||||
| Internet community. | ||||
| o Industry Consortia | ||||
| The rules presented in Section 4 for external standards should | ||||
| be expanded to handle industry consortia. | ||||
| o Tracking Procedure | ||||
| It has been suggested that there should be a formal procedure | ||||
| for tracking problems and change requests as a specification | ||||
| moves through the standards track. Such a procedure might | ||||
| include written responses, which were cataloged and | ||||
| disseminated, or simply a database that listed changes between | ||||
| versions. At the present time, there are not sufficient | ||||
| resources to administer such a procedure. | ||||
| A simpler proposal is to keep a change log for documents. | ||||
| o Time Limit | ||||
| An explicit time limit (e.g., 3 months) has been suggested for | ||||
| IESG resolution concerning a standards action under the rules of | ||||
| Section 3.1.2. If it were necessary to extend the time for some | ||||
| reason, the IETF would have to be explicitly notified. | ||||
| o Bug Reporting | ||||
| There is no documented mechanism for an individual community | ||||
| member to use to report a problem or bug with a standards-track | ||||
| specification. One suggestion was the every standards RFC | ||||
| should include an email list for the responsible Working Group. | ||||
| Security Considerations | Security Considerations | |||
| Security issues are not substantially discussed in this memo. | Security issues are not substantially discussed in this memo. | |||
| Authors' Address | Author's Address | |||
| A. Lyman Chapin | Christian Huitema, IAB Chairman | |||
| BBN Communications Corporation | INRIA, Sophia-Antipolis | |||
| 150 Cambridge Park Drive | 2004 Route des Lucioles | |||
| Cambridge, MA 02140 | BP 109 | |||
| F-06561 Valbonne Cedex | ||||
| France | ||||
| Phone: 617-873-3133 | Phone: +33 93 65 77 15 | |||
| Fax: 617-873-4086 | ||||
| Email: Lyman@BBN.COM | EMail: Christian.Huitema@MIRSA.INRIA.FR | |||
| Bob Braden | Phill Gross, IESG Chairman | |||
| University of Southern California | Advanced Network and Services | |||
| Information Sciences Institute | 100 Clearbrook Road | |||
| 4676 Admiralty Way | Elmsford, NY 10523 | |||
| Marina del Rey, CA 90292 | ||||
| Phone: (310) 822-1511 | Phone: 914-789-5335 | |||
| EMail: Braden@ISI.EDU | EMail: pgross@nis.ans.net | |||
| End of changes. 163 change blocks. | ||||
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