< draft-ietf-pkix-cmc-compl-04.txt   draft-ietf-pkix-cmc-compl-05.txt >
PKIX Working Group J. Schaad PKIX Working Group J. Schaad
Internet-Draft Soaring Hawk Consulting Internet-Draft Soaring Hawk Consulting
Expires: May 22, 2008 M. Myers Expires: June 6, 2008 M. Myers
TraceRoute Security, Inc. TraceRoute Security, Inc.
November 19, 2007 December 4, 2007
CMC Compliance Document Certificate Managmement Messages over CMS (CMC): Complience Requirements
draft-ietf-pkix-cmc-compl-04 draft-ietf-pkix-cmc-compl-05
Status of this Memo Status of this Memo
By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
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This Internet-Draft will expire on May 22, 2008. This Internet-Draft will expire on June 6, 2008.
Copyright Notice Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).
Abstract Abstract
This document provides a set of compliance statements about the CMC This document provides a set of compliance statements about the CMC
(Certificate Management over CMS) enrollment protocol. The ASN.1 (Certificate Management over CMS) enrollment protocol. The ASN.1
structures and the transport mechanisms for the CMC enrollment structures and the transport mechanisms for the CMC enrollment
protocol are covered in other documents. This document provides the protocol are covered in other documents. This document provides the
information needed to make a compliant version of CMC. information needed to make a compliant version of CMC.
Table of Contents Table of Contents
1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1. Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Requirements for All Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Requirements Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. Cryptographic Algorithm Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . 6 4. Requirements for All Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2. Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.1. Cryptographic Algorithm Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.3. CRMF Feature Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2. Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.4. Requirements for Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.3. CRMF Feature Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4. Requirements for Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.4. Requirements for Clients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5. Requirements for EEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5. Requirements for Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
6. Requirements for RAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6. Requirements for EEs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7. Requirements for CAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 7. Requirements for RAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 8. Requirements for CAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 11. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 12. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
11.2. Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 12.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 12.2. Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 21 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 22
1. Overview 1. Overview
The CMC (Certificate Management over CMS) protocol is designed in The CMC (Certificate Management over CMS) protocol is designed in
terms of a client/server relationship. In the simplest case the terms of a client/server relationship. In the simplest case the
client is the requestor of the certificate (i.e. the End Entity or client is the requestor of the certificate (i.e. the End Entity or
EE) and the server is the issuer of the certificate (i.e. the EE) and the server is the issuer of the certificate (i.e. the
Certificate Authority(CA)). The introduction of an RA (registration Certificate Authority(CA)). The introduction of an RA (registration
authority) into the set of agents complicates the picture only authority) into the set of agents complicates the picture only
slightly. The RA becomes the server with respect to the certificate slightly. The RA becomes the server with respect to the certificate
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Proof-Of-Identity refers to the client proving they are who they say Proof-Of-Identity refers to the client proving they are who they say
that are to the server. that are to the server.
Proof-Of-Possession (POP) refers to a value that can be used to Proof-Of-Possession (POP) refers to a value that can be used to
prove that the private key corresponding to a public key is in the prove that the private key corresponding to a public key is in the
possession and can be used by an end-entity. possession and can be used by an end-entity.
Transport wrapper refers to the outermost CMS wrapping layer. Transport wrapper refers to the outermost CMS wrapping layer.
3. Requirements Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. document are to be interpreted as described in [MUST].
3. Requirements for All Entities 4. Requirements for All Entities
All [CMC-STRUCT] and [CMC-TRANS] compliance statements MUST be All [CMC-STRUCT] and [CMC-TRANS] compliance statements MUST be
adhered to unless specifically stated otherwise in this document. adhered to unless specifically stated otherwise in this document.
All entities MUST support Full PKI Requests, Simple PKI Responses and All entities MUST support Full PKI Requests, Simple PKI Responses and
Full PKI Responses. Severs SHOULD support Simple PKI Requests. Full PKI Responses. Severs SHOULD support Simple PKI Requests.
All entities MUST support the use of the CRMF syntax for All entities MUST support the use of the CRMF syntax for
certification requests. Support for the PKCS#10 syntax for certification requests. Support for the PKCS#10 syntax for
certification requests SHOULD be implemented by servers. certification requests SHOULD be implemented by servers.
The extendedFailInfo field SHOULD NOT be populated in the The extendedFailInfo field SHOULD NOT be populated in the
CMCStatusInfoExt object; the failInfo field SHOULD be used to relay CMCStatusInfoExt object; the failInfo field SHOULD be used to relay
this information. If the extendedFailInfo field is used, it is this information. If the extendedFailInfo field is used, it is
suggested that an additional CMCStatusInfoExt item exist for the same suggested that an additional CMCStatusInfoExt item exist for the same
body part with a failInfo field. body part with a failInfo field.
All entities MUST implement the HTTP transport mechanism as defined All entities MUST implement the HTTP transport mechanism as defined
in [CMC-TRANS]. Other transport mechanisms MAY be implemented. in [CMC-TRANS]. Other transport mechanisms MAY be implemented.
3.1. Cryptographic Algorithm Requirements 4.1. Cryptographic Algorithm Requirements
All entities MUST verify DSA-SHA1 and RSA-SHA1 signatures in All entities MUST verify DSA-SHA1 and RSA-SHA1 signatures in
SignedData (see [CMS-ALG]). Entities MAY be verify other signature SignedData (see [CMS-ALG]). Entities MAY be verify other signature
algorithms. It is strongly suggested that RSA-PSS with SHA-1 be algorithms. It is strongly suggested that RSA-PSS with SHA-1 be
verified (see [CMS-RSA-PSS]). It is strongly suggested that SHA-256 verified (see [CMS-RSA-PSS]). It is strongly suggested that SHA-256
using RSA and RSA-PSS be verified (see [RSA-256]). using RSA and RSA-PSS be verified (see [RSA-256]).
All entities MUST generate either DSA-SHA1 or RSA-SHA1 signatures for All entities MUST generate either DSA-SHA1 or RSA-SHA1 signatures for
SignedData (see [CMS-ALG]). Other signatures algorithms MAY be used SignedData (see [CMS-ALG]). Other signatures algorithms MAY be used
for generation. for generation.
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All entities MUST support RSA as a key transport algorithm for All entities MUST support RSA as a key transport algorithm for
EnvelopedData (see [CMS-ALG]). All entities SHOULD support RSA-OAEP EnvelopedData (see [CMS-ALG]). All entities SHOULD support RSA-OAEP
(see [CMS-RSA-OAEP]) as a key transport algorithm. Other key (see [CMS-RSA-OAEP]) as a key transport algorithm. Other key
transport algorithms MAY be implemented. transport algorithms MAY be implemented.
If an entity supports key agreement for EnvelopedData, they MUST If an entity supports key agreement for EnvelopedData, they MUST
support Diffie-Hellman (see [CMS-DH]). support Diffie-Hellman (see [CMS-DH]).
If an entity supports PasswordRecipientInfo for EnvelopedData or If an entity supports PasswordRecipientInfo for EnvelopedData or
AuthenticatedData, they MUST support PBKDF2 for key derivation AuthenticatedData, they MUST support PBKDF2 for key derivation
algorithms. They MUST support AES key wrap (see [RFC3394] as the key algorithms. They MUST support AES key wrap (see [AES-WRAP] as the
encryption algorithm. key encryption algorithm.
If AuthenticatedData is supported, PasswordRecipientInfo MUST be If AuthenticatedData is supported, PasswordRecipientInfo MUST be
supported. supported.
Algorithm requirements for the Identity Proof Version 2 control Algorithm requirements for the Identity Proof Version 2 control
(Section 6.2.1 of [CMC-STRUCT]) are: SHA-1 MUST be implemented for (Section 6.2.1 of [CMC-STRUCT]) are: SHA-1 MUST be implemented for
hashAlgId. SHA-256 SHOULD be implemented for hashAlgId. HMAC-SHA1 hashAlgId. SHA-256 SHOULD be implemented for hashAlgId. HMAC-SHA1
MUST be implemented for macAlgId. HMAC-SHA256 SHOULD be implemented MUST be implemented for macAlgId. HMAC-SHA256 SHOULD be implemented
for macAlgId. for macAlgId.
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4 of [DH-POP]. EEs MAY support section 3 of [DH-POP]. CAs and RAs 4 of [DH-POP]. EEs MAY support section 3 of [DH-POP]. CAs and RAs
that do POP verification MUST support section 4 of [DH-POP] and that do POP verification MUST support section 4 of [DH-POP] and
SHOULD support section 3 of [DH-POP]. SHOULD support section 3 of [DH-POP].
EEs that need to use a signature algorithm for keys that cannot EEs that need to use a signature algorithm for keys that cannot
produce a signature MUST support Appendix C of [CMC-STRUCT] and MUST produce a signature MUST support Appendix C of [CMC-STRUCT] and MUST
support the Encrypted/Decrypted POP controls. CAs and RAs that do support the Encrypted/Decrypted POP controls. CAs and RAs that do
POP verification MUST support this signature algorithm and MUST POP verification MUST support this signature algorithm and MUST
support the Encrypted/Decrypted POP controls. support the Encrypted/Decrypted POP controls.
3.2. Controls 4.2. Controls
The following table lists the name and level of support required for The following table lists the name and level of support required for
each control. each control.
+----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+ +----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Control | EE | RA | CA | | Control | EE | RA | CA |
+----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+ +----------------------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Extended CMC Status Info | MUST | MUST | MUST | | Extended CMC Status Info | MUST | MUST | MUST |
| CMC Status Info | SHOULD | SHOULD | SHOULD | | CMC Status Info | SHOULD | SHOULD | SHOULD |
| | | | | | | | | |
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algorithms or (b) they need to operate in environments where the algorithms or (b) they need to operate in environments where the
hardware keys cannot provide POP. hardware keys cannot provide POP.
5. RAs SHOULD implement this if they implement RA POP Witness. 5. RAs SHOULD implement this if they implement RA POP Witness.
Strong consideration should be given to implementing the Authenticate Strong consideration should be given to implementing the Authenticate
Data and Publish Trust Anchors controls as this gives a simple method Data and Publish Trust Anchors controls as this gives a simple method
for distributing trust anchors into clients without user for distributing trust anchors into clients without user
intervention. intervention.
3.3. CRMF Feature Requirements 4.3. CRMF Feature Requirements
The following additional restrictions are placed on CRMF features: The following additional restrictions are placed on CRMF features:
The registration control tokens id-regCtrl-regToken and id-regCtrl- The registration control tokens id-regCtrl-regToken and id-regCtrl-
authToken MUST NOT be used. No specific CMC feature is used to authToken MUST NOT be used. No specific CMC feature is used to
replace these items, but generally the CMC controls identification replace these items, but generally the CMC controls identification
and identityProof will perform the same service and are more and identityProof will perform the same service and are more
specifically defined. specifically defined.
The control token id-regCtrl-pkiArchiveOptions SHOULD NOT be The control token id-regCtrl-pkiArchiveOptions SHOULD NOT be
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The behavior of id-regCtrl-oldCertID is not presently used. It is The behavior of id-regCtrl-oldCertID is not presently used. It is
replaced by issuing the new certificate and using the id-cmc- replaced by issuing the new certificate and using the id-cmc-
publishCert to remove the old certificate from publication. This publishCert to remove the old certificate from publication. This
operation would not normally be accompanied by an immediate operation would not normally be accompanied by an immediate
revocation of the old certificate, however that can be accomplished revocation of the old certificate, however that can be accomplished
by the id-cmc-revokeRequest control. by the id-cmc-revokeRequest control.
The id-regCtrl-protocolEncrKey is not used. The id-regCtrl-protocolEncrKey is not used.
3.4. Requirements for Clients 4.4. Requirements for Clients
No additional requirements. No additional requirements.
4. Requirements for Servers 5. Requirements for Servers
No additional requirements. No additional requirements.
5. Requirements for EEs 6. Requirements for EEs
If an entity implements Diffie-Hellman, it MUST implement either the If an entity implements Diffie-Hellman, it MUST implement either the
DH-POP Proof-of-Possession as defined in [DH-POP] Section 4 or the DH-POP Proof-of-Possession as defined in [DH-POP] Section 4 or the
challenge-response POP controls id-cmc-encryptedPOP and id-cmc- challenge-response POP controls id-cmc-encryptedPOP and id-cmc-
decryptedPOP. decryptedPOP.
6. Requirements for RAs 7. Requirements for RAs
RAs SHOULD be able to do delegated POP. RAs implementing this RAs SHOULD be able to do delegated POP. RAs implementing this
feature MUST implement the id-cmc-lraPOPWitness control. feature MUST implement the id-cmc-lraPOPWitness control.
All RAs MUST implement the promotion of the id-aa-cmc-unsignedData as All RAs MUST implement the promotion of the id-aa-cmc-unsignedData as
covered in section 3.8 of [CMC-STRUCT] covered in section 3.8 of [CMC-STRUCT]
7. Requirements for CAs 8. Requirements for CAs
Providing for CAs to work in an environment with RAs is strongly Providing for CAs to work in an environment with RAs is strongly
suggested. Implementation of such support is strongly suggested as suggested. Implementation of such support is strongly suggested as
this permits the delegation of substantial administrative interaction this permits the delegation of substantial administrative interaction
onto an RA rather than at the CA. onto an RA rather than at the CA.
CAs MUST perform at least minimal checks on all public keys before CAs MUST perform at least minimal checks on all public keys before
issuing a certificate. At a minimum a check for syntax would occur issuing a certificate. At a minimum a check for syntax would occur
with the POP operation. Additionally CAs SHOULD perform simple with the POP operation. Additionally CAs SHOULD perform simple
checks for known bad keys such as small subgroups for DSA-SHA1 and DH checks for known bad keys such as small subgroups for DSA-SHA1 and DH
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CAs MUST enforce POP checking before issuing any certificate. CAs CAs MUST enforce POP checking before issuing any certificate. CAs
MAY delegate the POP operation to an RA for those cases where 1) a MAY delegate the POP operation to an RA for those cases where 1) a
challenge/response message pair must be used, 2) an RA performs challenge/response message pair must be used, 2) an RA performs
escrow of a key and checks for POP in that manner or 3) an unusual escrow of a key and checks for POP in that manner or 3) an unusual
algorithm is used and that validation is done at the RA. algorithm is used and that validation is done at the RA.
CAs SHOULD implement both the DH-POP Proof-of-Possession as defined CAs SHOULD implement both the DH-POP Proof-of-Possession as defined
in [DH-POP] Section 4 and the challenge-response POP controls id-cmc- in [DH-POP] Section 4 and the challenge-response POP controls id-cmc-
encryptedPOP and id-cmc-decryptedPOP. encryptedPOP and id-cmc-decryptedPOP.
8. Security Considerations 9. Security Considerations
This document uses [CMC-STRUCT] and [CMC-TRANS] as building blocks to This document uses [CMC-STRUCT] and [CMC-TRANS] as building blocks to
this document. The security sections of those two documents are this document. The security sections of those two documents are
included by reference. included by reference.
Knowledge of how an entity is expected to operate is vital in Knowledge of how an entity is expected to operate is vital in
determining which sections of requirements are applicable to that determining which sections of requirements are applicable to that
entity. Care needs to be taken in determining which sections apply entity. Care needs to be taken in determining which sections apply
and fullly implementing the necessary code. and fullly implementing the necessary code.
Cryptographic algorithms have and will be broken or weakened. Cryptographic algorithms have and will be broken or weakened.
Implementers and users need to check that the cryptographic Implementers and users need to check that the cryptographic
algorithms listed in this document make sense from a security level. algorithms listed in this document make sense from a security level.
The IETF from time to time may issue documents dealing with the The IETF from time to time may issue documents dealing with the
current state of the art. Two examples of such documents are current state of the art. Two examples of such documents are
[SMALL-SUB-GROUP] and [HASH-ATTACKS]. [SMALL-SUB-GROUP] and [HASH-ATTACKS].
9. IANA Considerations 10. IANA Considerations
There are no IANA considerations in this document. There are no IANA considerations in this document.
10. Acknowledgements 11. Acknowledgements
The authors and the Working Group are grateful for the participation The authors and the Working Group are grateful for the participation
of Xiaoui Lui and Jeff Weinstein in helping to author the original of Xiaoui Lui and Jeff Weinstein in helping to author the original
versions of this document. versions of this document.
The authors would like to thank Brian LaMacchia for his work in The authors would like to thank Brian LaMacchia for his work in
developing and writing up many of the concepts presented in this developing and writing up many of the concepts presented in this
document. The authors would also like to thank Alex Deacon and Barb document. The authors would also like to thank Alex Deacon and Barb
Fox for their contributions. Fox for their contributions.
11. References 12. References
11.1. Normative References 12.1. Normative References
[CMC-STRUCT] [CMC-STRUCT]
Schaad, J. and M. Myers, "Certificate Management Messages Schaad, J. and M. Myers, "Certificate Management Messages
over CMS", draft-ietf-pkix-2797-bis-05.txt , August 2006. over CMS", draft-ietf-pkix-2797-bis-05.txt , August 2006.
[CMC-TRANS] [CMC-TRANS]
Schaad, J., Myers, M., Liu, X., and J. Weinstein, "CMC Schaad, J., Myers, M., Liu, X., and J. Weinstein, "CMC
Transport", Work In Progress , December 2004. Transport", Work In Progress , December 2004.
[CMS] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", [CMS] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)",
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Algorithm in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", Algorithm in the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)",
RFC 3560, July 2003. RFC 3560, July 2003.
[CMS-RSA-PSS] [CMS-RSA-PSS]
Schaad, J., "Use of the RSA PSS Signature Algorithm in Schaad, J., "Use of the RSA PSS Signature Algorithm in
CMS", Work In Progress , December 2003. CMS", Work In Progress , December 2003.
[DH-POP] Prafullchandra, H. and J. Schaad, "Diffie-Hellman Proof- [DH-POP] Prafullchandra, H. and J. Schaad, "Diffie-Hellman Proof-
of-Possession Algorithms", RFC 2875, June 2000. of-Possession Algorithms", RFC 2875, June 2000.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate [MUST] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997. Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997.
[RSA-256] Schaad, J., Kaliski, B., and R. Housley, "Additional [RSA-256] Schaad, J., Kaliski, B., and R. Housley, "Additional
Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use in
the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate
and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 4055, and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 4055,
June 2005. June 2005.
[RFC3394] Schaad, J. and R. Housley, "Advanced Encryption Standard [AES-WRAP]
Schaad, J. and R. Housley, "Advanced Encryption Standard
(AES) Key Wrap Algorithm", RFC 3394, September 2002. (AES) Key Wrap Algorithm", RFC 3394, September 2002.
11.2. Informational References 12.2. Informational References
[PKCS10] Kaliski, B., "PKCS #10: Certification Request Syntax [PKCS10] Nystrom, M. and B. Kaliski, "PKCS #10: Certification
v1.5", RFC 2314, October 1997. Request Syntax Specification v1.7", RFC 2986,
November 2000.
[SMALL-SUB-GROUP] [SMALL-SUB-GROUP]
Zuccherato, R., "Methods for Avoiding the "Small-Subgroup" Zuccherato, R., "Methods for Avoiding the "Small-Subgroup"
Attacks on the Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Method for Attacks on the Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Method for
S/MIME", RFC 2785, March 2000. S/MIME", RFC 2785, March 2000.
[HASH-ATTACKS] [HASH-ATTACKS]
Hoffman, P. and B. Schneier, "Attacks on Cryptographic Hoffman, P. and B. Schneier, "Attacks on Cryptographic
Hashes in Internet Protocols", RFC 4270, November 2005. Hashes in Internet Protocols", RFC 4270, November 2005.
Authors' Addresses Authors' Addresses
Jim Schaad Jim Schaad
Soaring Hawk Consulting Soaring Hawk Consulting
PO Box 675 PO Box 675
Gold Bar, WA 98251 Gold Bar, WA 98251
Phone: (425) 785-1031 Phone: (425) 785-1031
Email: jimsch@exmsft.com Email: jimsch@nwlink.com
Michael Myers Michael Myers
TraceRoute Security, Inc. TraceRoute Security, Inc.
Email: myers@fastq.com Email: mmyers@fastq.com
Full Copyright Statement Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007). Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).
This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
retain all their rights. retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on an This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
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