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Run idnits with the --verbose option for more detailed information about the items above. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Dispatch Working Group A. Allen, Ed. 3 Internet-Draft Blackberry 4 Intended status: Informational May 6, 2013 5 Expires: November 7, 2013 7 Using the International Mobile station Equipment Identity(IMEI)URN as an 8 Instance ID 9 draft-allen-dispatch-imei-urn-as-instanceid-09 11 Abstract 13 This specification defines how the Uniform Resource Name namespace 14 reserved for the GSMA (GSM Association) identities and its sub- 15 namespace for the IMEI (International Mobile station Equipment 16 Identity) can be used as an instance-id as specified in RFC 5626 [1] 17 and also as used by RFC 5627 [2]. Its purpose is to fulfil the 18 requirements in RFC 5626 [1] that state "If a URN scheme other than 19 UUID is used, the UA MUST only use URNs for which an RFC (from the 20 IETF stream) defines how the specific URN needs to be constructed and 21 used in the "+sip.instance" Contact header field parameter for 22 outbound behavior." 24 Status of this Memo 26 This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the 27 provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. 29 Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 30 Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute 31 working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- 32 Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. 34 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months 35 and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any 36 time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference 37 material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." 39 This Internet-Draft will expire on November 7, 2013. 41 Copyright Notice 43 Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the 44 document authors. All rights reserved. 46 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal 47 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents 48 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of 49 publication of this document. Please review these documents 50 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect 51 to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must 52 include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of 53 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as 54 described in the Simplified BSD License. 56 Table of Contents 58 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 60 2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 62 3. Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 64 4. 3GPP Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 66 5. User Agent Client Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 68 6. User Agent Server Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 70 7. 3GPP Registrar Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 72 8. Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 74 9. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 76 10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 77 10.1. Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 78 10.2. Informative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 80 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 82 1. Introduction 84 This specification defines how the Uniform Resource Name namespace 85 reserved for GSMA identities and its sub namespace for the IMEI 86 (International Mobile station Equipment Identity) as defined in 87 draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14 [3] can be used as an instance-id 88 as specified in RFC 5626 [1] and also as used by RFC 5627 [2]. 90 RFC 5626 [1] defines the "+sip.instance" Contact header field 91 parameter which contains a URN as per RFC 2141 [4] defined as an 92 instance-id that uniquely identifies a specific UA instance. This 93 instance-id is used as defined in RFC 5626 [1] so that registrar can 94 recognize that the contacts from multiple registrations correspond to 95 the same UA. The instance-ID is also used as defined by RFC 5627 [2] 96 to create Globally Routable User Agent URIs (GRUUs) that can be used 97 to uniquely address a UA when multiple UAs are registered with the 98 same Address of Record (AoR). 100 RFC 5626 [1] defines that a UA SHOULD create a Universally Unique 101 Identifier (UUID) URN as defined in RFC 4122 [7] as its instance-id 102 but allows for the possibility of other URN schemes to be used. "If 103 a URN scheme other than UUID is used, the UA MUST only use URNs for 104 which an RFC (from the IETF stream) defines how the specific URN 105 needs to be constructed and used in the "+sip.instance" Contact 106 header field parameter for outbound behavior." This specification 107 meets this requirement by specifying how the GSMA IMEI URN is used in 108 the "+sip.instance" Contact header field parameter for outbound 109 behavior and draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14 [3] defines how the 110 GSMA IMEI URN is constructed 112 The GSMA IMEI is an identifier for a namespace for the IMEI a 113 globally unique identifier that identifies Mobile Equipment used in 114 Global System for Mobile communications(GSM), Universal Mobile 115 Telecommunications System (UMTS) and 3GPP LTE (Long Term 116 Evolution)networks. The IMEI allocation is managed by the GSMA to 117 ensure that the IMEI values are globally unique. Details of the 118 formatting of the IMEI as a URN are defined in 119 draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14 [3] and the definition of the IMEI 120 is contained in 3GPP TS 23.003 [8]. Further details about the GSMA 121 role in allocating the IMEI and the IMEI allocation guidelines can be 122 found in GSMA PRD DG.06 [9] 124 2. Terminology 126 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", 127 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this 128 document are to be interpreted as described in [5]. 130 3. Background 132 GSM and UMTS capable mobile devices represent 90% of the mobile 133 devices in use worldwide. GSM and UMTS mobile devices each have an 134 IMEI allocated which uniquely identifies the mobile device from all 135 other GSM/UMTS mobile devices deployed. Amongst other things in some 136 regulatory jurisdictions the IMEI is used to identify that a stolen 137 mobile is being used to help to identify the subscription that is 138 using it and to prevent its use. Whilst GSM was originally a circuit 139 switched system, enhancements such as GPRS (General Packet Radio 140 Service) and UMTS have added IP data capabilities which along with 141 the definition of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) has made SIP 142 based calls and IP multimedia sessions from mobile devices possible. 143 The latest enhancment known as LTE will introduce even higher data 144 rates and dispenses with the circuit switched domain completely 145 meaning that with LTE voice calls will need to be conducted using IP 146 and IMS. However, the transition to all IP, SIP based IMS networks 147 worldwide will take a great many years and mobile devices being 148 mobile will need to operate in both IP/SIP/IMS mode and circuit 149 switched mode. In fact calls and sessions will need to be handed 150 over between IP/SIP/IMS mode and circuit switched mode during a call. 151 Also as many existing GSM and UMTS radio access networks are unable 152 to support IP/SIP/IMS based voice services in a commercially 153 acceptable manner some sessions can have some media types delivered 154 via IP/IMS simultaneously with voice media delivered via circuit 155 switched with the same mobile device simultaneously attached via both 156 the IP/SIP/IMS domain and the circuit switched domain. To meet this 157 need 3GPP has specified how to maintain session continuity between 158 the IP/SIP/IMS domain and the circuit switched domain in 3GPP TS 159 24.237 [10] and how to access IMS hosted services via both the IP/ 160 SIP/IMS domain and the circuit switched domain in 3GPP TS 24.292 161 [11]. 163 In order for the the mobile device to access SIP/IMS services via the 164 circuit switched domain 3GPP has defined a MSC (Mobile Switching 165 Center) server enhanced for ICS (IMS centralized services)which 166 controls mobile voice call setup over the circuit switched radio 167 access while establishing the corresponding voice session in the core 168 network using SIP/IMS. To enable this the MSC server enhanced for 169 ICS performs SIP registration on behalf of the mobile device which 170 can also be simultaneously directly registered with the IP/SIP/IMS 171 domain. The only mobile device identifier that is transportable 172 using GSM/UMTS/LTE signaling is the IMEI therefore both the 173 instance-id included by the MSC server enhanced for ICS when acting 174 on behalf of the mobile device and the instance-id included by the 175 mobile device directly needs to be based on the IMEI. 177 Additionally in order to meet the above regulatory requirements, the 178 IMEI that is obtained from the circuit switched signaling needs to be 179 obtainable from SIP signaling. 181 3GPP TS 24.237 [10] and 3GPP TS 24.292 [11] already define the use of 182 the URN namespace for the GSMA and IMEI as defined in 183 draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14 [3] as the instance-id used by 184 mobile devices and the MSC server enhanced for ICS for SIP/IMS 185 registrations for these reasons. 187 4. 3GPP Use Cases 189 1. The mobile device includes its IMEI in the SIP REGISTER request 190 so that the registrar can perform a check of the Equipment Identity 191 Registry (EIR) to verify if the mobile device is allowed or barred 192 from using the network (e.g because it has been stolen). If the 193 mobile device is not allowed to use the network the registrar can 194 reject the registration. Thus a barred device is prevented from 195 using the network. 197 2. The mobile device includes its IMEI in SIP INVITE requests used 198 to establish emergency sessions. This so that the PSAP (Public 199 Safety Answering Point) can obtain the IMEI of the mobile device for 200 identification purposes if required by regulations. 202 3. The inclusion by the mobile device of its IMEI in SIP INVITE 203 requests used to establish emergency sessions is also used in the 204 cases of unauthenticated emergency sessions to enable the network to 205 identify the mobile device. This is especially important if the 206 unauthenticated emergency session is handed over from the packet 207 switched domain to circuit switched domain as in this scenario the 208 IMEI is the only common means for identifying the circuit switched 209 call is from the same mobile device that was in the emergency session 210 in the packet switched domain. 212 5. User Agent Client Procedures 214 A UAC that has an IMEI as defined in 3GPP TS 23.003 [8] that is 215 registering with a 3GPP IMS network MUST include in the 216 "sip.instance" media feature tag the GSMA IMEI URN according to the 217 syntax defined in draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14 [3] when 218 performing the registration procedures defined in RFC 5626 [1] or RFC 219 5627 [2] or any other procedure requiring including the 220 "sip.instance" media feature tag. The UAC SHOULD NOT include the 221 optional "svn" parameter in the GSMA IMEI URN in the "sip.instance" 222 media feature tag, since the software version can change as a result 223 of upgrades to the device firmware which would create a new instance 224 ID. Any future value of the "vers" parameter other than equal to 0 225 or the future definition of additional parameters for the GSMA IMEI 226 URN that are intended to be used as part of an instance ID will 227 require an update to be made to this RFC. The UAC MUST provide 228 lexically equivalent URNs in each registration [1]. Hence, any 229 optional or variable components of the URN (e.g., the "vers" 230 parameter) MUST be presented with the same values and in the same 231 order in every registration as in the first registration. 233 A UAC MUST only use the GSMA IMEI URN as an Instance ID when 234 registering with a 3GPP IMS network. When registering with a non- 235 3GPP IMS network a UAC SHOULD use a UUID as an Instance ID as defined 236 in RFC 5626 [1]. 238 A UAC MUST NOT include its "sip.instance" media feature tag 239 containing the GSMA IMEI URN in the Contact header field of non- 240 register requests or responses except when the request or response is 241 related to an emergency session when regulatory requirements can 242 require the IMEI to be provided to the Public Safety Answering Point 243 (PSAP). Any future exceptions to this prohibition require a RFC that 244 addresses how privacy is not violated by such usage. 246 6. User Agent Server Procedures 248 A UAS MUST NOT include its "sip.instance" media feature tag 249 containing the GSMA IMEI URN in the Contact header field of responses 250 except when the response is related to an emergency session when 251 regulatory requirements can require the IMEI to be provided to the 252 Public Safety Answering Point(PSAP). 254 7. 3GPP Registrar Procedures 256 In 3GPP IMS when the Registrar receives in the Contact header field a 257 "sip.instance" media feature tag containing the GSMA IMEI URN 258 according to the syntax defined in draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14 259 [3] the registrar follows the procedures defined in RFC 5626 [1] and 260 RFC 5627 [2] if those extensions are supported and indicated as 261 supported by the UA. If the Registrar allocates a public GRUU 262 according to the procedures defined in RFC 5627 [2] the instance-id 263 MUST be obfuscated when creating the "gr" parameter in order not to 264 reveal the IMEI to other UAs when the public GRUU is included in non- 265 register requests. 3GPP TS 24.229 [6] subclause 5.4.7A.2 defines the 266 mechanism for obfuscating the IMEI when creating the "gr" parameter. 268 8. Security considerations 270 Because IMEIs like other formats of instance IDs can be loosely 271 correlated to a user, they need to be treated as any other personally 272 identifiable information. In particular, the "sip.instance" media 273 feature tag containing the GSMA IMEI URN MUST NOT be included in 274 requests or responses intended to convey any level of anonymity. RFC 275 5626 [1] states "One case where a UA could prefer to omit the 276 "sip.instance" media feature tag is when it is making an anonymous 277 request or some other privacy concern requires that the UA not reveal 278 its identity". The same concerns apply when using the GSMA IMEI URN 279 as an instance ID. Publication of the GSMA IMEI URN to networks that 280 the UA is not attached to or the UA does not have a service 281 relationship with is a security breach and the "sip.instance" media 282 feature tag MUST NOT be forwarded by the service provider's network 283 elements when forwarding requests or responses towards the 284 destination UA. 286 In order to protect from tampering the REGISTER requests containing 287 the GSMA IMEI URN MUST be sent using a security mechanism such as TLS 288 [12] (or another security mechanism that provides equivalent levels 289 of protection). 291 9. Acknowledgements 293 The author would like to thank Paul Kyzivat, Dale Worley, Cullen 294 Jennings, Adam Roach, and Keith Drage for reviewing this draft and 295 providing their comments. 297 10. References 299 10.1. Normative references 301 [1] Jennings, C., Mahy, R., and F. Audet, "Managing Client- 302 Initiated Connections in the Session Initiation Protocol 303 (SIP)", RFC 5626, October 2009. 305 [2] Rosenberg, J., "Obtaining and Using Globally Routable User 306 Agent URIs (GRUUs) in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)", 307 RFC 5627, October 2009. 309 [3] Montemurro, M., "A Uniform Resource Name Namespace For The GSM 310 Association (GSMA) and the International Mobile station 311 Equipment Identity(IMEI), work in progress", Internet 312 Draft draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-14, May 2013. 314 [4] Moats, R., "URN Syntax", RFC 2141, May 1997. 316 [5] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement 317 Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997. 319 [6] 3GPP, "TS 24.229: IP multimedia call control protocol based on 320 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Session Description 321 Protocol (SDP); Stage 3 (Release 8)", 3GPP 24.229, 322 December 2012, 323 . 325 10.2. Informative references 327 [7] Leach, P., Mealling, M., and R. Salz, "A Universally Unique 328 IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace", RFC 4122, July 2005. 330 [8] 3GPP, "TS 23.003: Numbering, addressing and identification 331 (Release 8)", 3GPP 23.003, December 2012, 332 . 334 [9] GSMA Association, "IMEI Allocation and Approval Guidelines", 335 PRD TS.06 (DG06) version 6.0, July 2011, . 339 [10] 3GPP, "TS 24.237: Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification; 340 Core network protocols; Stage 3 (Release 8)", 3GPP 24.237, 341 December 2012, 342 . 344 [11] 3GPP, "TS 24.292: IP Multimedia (IM) Core Network (CN) 345 subsystem Centralized Services (ICS); Stage 3 (Release 8)", 346 3GPP 24.292, December 2012, 347 . 349 [12] Dierks, T. and C. Allen, "The TLS Protocol Version 1.0", 350 RFC 2246, January 1999. 352 Author's Address 354 Andrew Allen (editor) 355 Blackberry 356 1200 Sawgrass Corporate Parkway 357 Sunrise, Florida 33323 358 USA 360 Phone: unlisted 361 Fax: unlisted 362 Email: aallen@blackberry.com