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Matsuhira 3 Internet-Draft Fujitsu Limited 4 Intended status: Informational June 18, 2021 5 Expires: December 20, 2021 7 Multiple IPv4 - IPv6 address mapping encapsulation - prefix resolution 8 (M46E-PR) 9 draft-matsuhira-m46e-pr-10 11 Abstract 13 This document specifies M46E Prefix Resolution (M46E-PR) 14 specification. M46E-PR connect IPv4 stub networks between IPv6 15 backbone network. And also, M46E-PR can stack many IPv4 networks, 16 i.e. the nwtworks using same IPv4 private addresses without 17 interdependence. 19 Requirements Language 21 The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", 22 "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this 23 document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. 25 Status of this Memo 27 This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the 28 provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. 30 Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering 31 Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute 32 working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- 33 Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. 35 Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months 36 and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any 37 time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference 38 material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." 40 This Internet-Draft will expire on December 20, 2021. 42 Copyright Notice 44 Copyright (c) 2021 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the 45 document authors. All rights reserved. 47 This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal 48 Provisions Relating to IETF Documents 49 (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of 50 publication of this document. Please review these documents 51 carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect 52 to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must 53 include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of 54 the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as 55 described in the Simplified BSD License. 57 Table of Contents 59 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 60 2. Basic Network Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 61 3. Basic Function of M46E-PR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 62 3.1. IPv4 over IPv6 Encapsulation / Decapsulation . . . . . . . 4 63 3.2. M46A architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 64 3.3. Resolving M46A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 65 4. Mode of M46E-PR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 66 4.1. Router mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 67 4.2. Host mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 68 5. Sample configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 69 6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 70 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 71 8. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 72 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 74 1. Introduction 76 This document provide M46E Prefix Resolution (M46E-PR) specification. 78 The basic strategy for IPv6 deployment is dual stack. However, 79 because of exhaustion of IPv4 address, there will be no IPv4 80 addresses for configuring dual stack in near future. That means 81 there will be IPv6 only networks automatically. 83 However, there are many IPv4 only networks still exist and those 84 seems continuous use in near future. That means methods continuous 85 use of IPv4 network over IPv6 only network will be required. 87 M46E-PR also provide such methots. 89 2. Basic Network Configuration 91 Figure 1 shows network configuration with M46E-PR. The network 92 consists of three parts, backbone network, stub network, and M46E-PR. 94 Backbone network can be operated with IPv6 only. Stub network has 95 three cases, IPv4 only, Dual Stack (both IPv4 and IPv6), and IPv6 96 only. 98 M46E-FP connects backbone network and stub network in case IPv4 still 99 works in that stub network. If stub network is IPv6 only, M46E-PR is 100 not needed. 102 /---------------------------------------------------\ 103 | | 104 | Backbone Network | 105 | (IPv6 only) | 106 | | 107 \---------------------------------------------------/ 108 | | | 109 | | | 110 | | | 111 +----------+ +----------+ | 112 /-| M46E-PR |-\ /-| M46E-PR |-\ /--------------\ 113 | +----------+ | | +----------+ | | | 114 | | | | | | 115 | Stub Network | | Stub Network | | Stub Network | 116 | (IPv4 only) | | (Dual Stack) | | (IPv6 only) | 117 | | | | | | 118 \--------------/ \--------------/ \--------------/ 119 Figure 1 121 3. Basic Function of M46E-PR 123 M46E-PR has mainly two function. One is IPv4 over IPv6 Encapsulation 124 / Decapsulation, and another is generate a table where IPv4 stub 125 network belong to IPv6 network. 127 3.1. IPv4 over IPv6 Encapsulation / Decapsulation 129 M46E-PR excapsulates IPv4 packet to IPv6 from stub network to 130 backbone network, and decapsulates IPv6 packet to IPv4 from backbone 131 network to stub network. Figure 2 shows packet format on both 132 backbone network and stub network. 134 +--------+------------+ +----------+--------+------------+ 135 |IPv4 Hdr| Data | --> | IPv6 Hdr |IPv4 Hdr| Data | 136 +--------+------------+ +----------+--------+------------+ 138 +--------+------------+ +----------+--------+------------+ 139 |IPv4 Hdr| Data | <-- | IPv6 Hdr |IPv4 Hdr| Data | 140 +--------+------------+ +----------+--------+------------+ 142 /-------------------\ +----------+ /-----------------------------\ 143 | Stub Network |--| M46E-PR |--| Backbone Network | 144 | (IPv4) | +----------+ | (IPv6 only) | 145 \-------------------/ \-----------------------------/ 147 Figure 2 149 3.2. M46A architecture 151 M46A is a IPv6 address used in outer IPv6 header which encapsulate 152 IPv4 packet by M46E-PR. M46A is described in 153 [I-D.draft-matsuhira-m46a].Figure 3 shows M46A address architecture. 155 | 96 - m bits | m bits | 32 bits | 156 +--------------------------+------------------------+--------------+ 157 | M46A prefix | IPv4 network plane ID | IPv4 address | 158 +--------------------------+------------------------+--------------+ 160 Figure 3 162 M46E address consists of three parts as follows. 164 M46A prefix 166 M46A prefix. This value is not a fixed value, and resolved packet 167 by packet 169 IPv4 network plane ID IPv4 network plane ID is an identifier of IPv4 170 network stack over IPv6 backbone network. 172 IPv4 address 174 IPv4 address in inner IPv4 packet. 176 3.3. Resolving M46A 178 M46E-PR resolve M46A using M46E Prefix Resolution Table (M46E-PR 179 Table). M46E-PR generate M46E-PR address resolving M46A prefix from 180 IPv4 network plane ID and IPv4 address. FigureFigure 4 show this 181 processing. 183 | 96 - m bits | m bits | 32 bits | 184 +--------------------------+------------------------+--------------+ 185 | M46A prefix | IPv4 network plane ID | IPv4 address | 186 +--------------------------+------------------------+--------------+ 188 \--------------------------/\--------------------------------------/ 189 ^ | 190 | | 191 | v 192 +------------------------------------------------------------------+ 193 | | 194 | M46E Prefix Resolution Table (M46E-PR Table) | 195 | | 196 +------------------------------------------------------------------+ 198 Figure 4 200 Figure Figure 5show M46E-PR Table. This table consists four parts, 201 IPv4 network plane ID, IPv4 address, netmask, and M46A prefix. 203 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 204 |IPv4 network plane ID|IPv4 address|netmask||M46A prefix | 205 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 206 |IPv4 network plane ID|IPv4 address|netmask||M46A prefix | 207 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 208 |IPv4 network plane ID|IPv4 address|netmask||M46A prefix | 209 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 210 |IPv4 network plane ID|IPv4 address|netmask||M46A prefix | 211 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 212 : : : 213 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 214 |IPv4 network plane ID|IPv4 address|netmask||M46A prefix | 215 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 217 Figure 5 219 M46E-PR configured IPv4 network plane ID, so M46E-PR know IPv4 220 network plane ID value the interface belongs. 222 Resolving destination address, M46E-PR use pre-configured IPv4 223 network plane ID valude, and destination address of IPv4 packets, and 224 serch the M46E-PR table. M46E-PR table return the M46E-PR address 225 prefix value correspoiding IPv4 network plane ID and IPv4 destination 226 address. Then M46E-PR generate whole M46E-PR address. 228 Resolving source address, M46E-PR already know IPv4 network plane ID 229 value and IPv6 address prefix as M46E-PR prefix. So, searching the 230 M46E-PR table does not require for resolving source address. 232 4. Mode of M46E-PR 234 M46E-PR has two working mode, one is router mode, another is host 235 mode. 237 4.1. Router mode 239 In router mode, M46E-PR act as a IPv6 router. M46E-PR occupy IPv6 240 subnet, and M46E-PR advertise route for M46E-PR. 242 4.2. Host mode 244 In host mode, M46E-PR act as a IPv6 host. M46E-PR share IPv4 subnet, 245 that mean, M46E-PR and IPv6 hosts exists on same IPv6 subnet. 246 M46E-PR do proxy NDP function for IPv4 host. 248 5. Sample configuration 250 Figure Figure 6shows sample confiuration of M46E-PR. In this 251 example, there are three IPv4 stub network with the same IPv4 network 252 plane. 254 /------------\ /--------------------------------------/ 255 | | | Stub Network #1 | 256 | | | 2001:0db8:0:1::/64 | 257 | | | +--------+ /----------------------\ | 258 | |--| |M46E-PR |--|10.1.1.0/24(plane 1) | | 259 | | | +--------+ | | | 260 | | | \----------------------/ | 261 | <--[2001:0db8:0:1::/64] | 262 | | /--------------------------------------/ 263 | | 264 | | /--------------------------------------/ 265 | | | Stub Network #2 | 266 | | | 2001:0db8:0:2::/64 | 267 | Backbone | | +--------+ /----------------------\ | 268 | Network |--| |M46E-PR |--|10.1.2.0/24(plane 1) | | 269 | | | +--------+ | | | 270 | | | \----------------------/ | 271 | <--[2001:0db8:0:2::/64] | 272 | | /--------------------------------------/ 273 | | 274 | | /--------------------------------------/ 275 | | | Stub Network #3 | 276 | | | 2001:0db8:0:3::/64 | 277 | | | +--------+ /----------------------\ | 278 | |--| |M46E-PR |--|10.1.3.0/24(plane 1) | | 279 | | | +--------+ | | | 280 | | | \----------------------/ | 281 | <--[2001:0db8:0:3::/64] | 282 | | /--------------------------------------/ 283 | | 284 \------------/ 286 Figure 6 288 Figure Figure 7 shows M46E-PR table for sample network. 290 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 291 |IPv4 network plane ID|IPv4 address|netmask||M46E-PR address prefix | 292 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 293 | 1 | 10.1.1.0 | /120 || 2001:0db8:0:1 | 294 | 1 | 10.1.2.0 | /120 || 2001:0db8:0:2 | 295 | 1 | 10.1.3.0 | /120 || 2001:0db8:0:3 | 296 +---------------------+------------+-------++-----------------------+ 298 Figure 7 300 6. IANA Considerations 302 This document makes no request of IANA. 304 Note to RFC Editor: this section may be removed on publication as an 305 RFC. 307 7. Security Considerations 309 Security Considerations does not discussed in this memo. 311 8. Normative References 313 [I-D.draft-matsuhira-m46a] 314 Matsuhira, N., "Multiple IPv4 - IPv6 mapped IPv6 address", 315 June 2019. 317 [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate 318 Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/ 319 RFC2119, March 1997, 320 . 322 Author's Address 324 Naoki Matsuhira 325 Fujitsu Limited 326 17-25, Shinkamata 1-chome, Ota-ku 327 Tokyo, 144-8588 328 Japan 330 Phone: +81-3-3735-1111 331 Fax: 332 Email: naoki.matsuhira@gmail.com