Challenge 2: Dynamic Range of Requirements Internet => variety of link and path characteristics capacity can be either scarce in very slow speed radio links (several kbps) high-speed optical and Ethernet links (several gigabit per second) Latency ranges from ms (or less) up to a second for certain satellite links with very large latencies (up to a second) Consequence: variations over many orders of magnitude (increasing over time) available bandwidth end-to-end delay |